初中英语语法-形容词与副词（最新最简易版 ）PPT课件.ppt

1、形容词和副词,用以修饰名词或代词，表示事物或人的性质 和特征的词。,什么叫形容词?,I have a lovely sister. It is sunny today. This river is long. We are glad to know you. He made us happy. Is there anything new in todays newspaper? She is a good student.,lovely,sunny,long,glad,happy,new,good,形容词的一般用法：,1. 形容词+名词 1）多么精彩的比赛！ What a _! 2）我正和几个

2、老朋友在聊天。 I am chatting with some _. 3）她是我最喜欢的老师。 She is my _.,2. (以-ing结尾的)不定代词+形容词, 作后置定语 1）我的手表出了点故障。 There is _ with my watch. 2）你有什么有趣的事情告诉我们吗？ Do you have _to tell us?,wonderful game,old friends,favorite teacher,something wrong,anything interesting,3. 放在be动词，look, sound, feel等感观动词后， 作表语。 1）这剖电影很

3、有趣。 This movie is _. 2）那个婴儿睡着了。 That baby is _. 3）他们今天看起来很高兴。 They look_ today. 4）听到这个消息后，我感到很伤心。 When I heard the news, I felt _.,funny,asleep,happy,sad,4.数词形容词，表示长、宽、高、深以及年龄。 1）这座桥长达100米。 This bridge is _. 2）这座楼有十三层高。 This building is _.,100 meters long,13 floors high,5. the + 形容词, 表示一类人或物 the ric

4、h, the poor, the sick, the deaf, the blind, the old, the young, the beautiful,6. 表语形容词。这些形容词只能位于系动词后作表语。 如：alone单独的 afraid害怕的 asleep睡着的 alive活着的 awake醒着的 ill生病的 glad开心的 well 健康的 frightened害怕的 e.g. The boy is ill. The ill boy is here.,考一考,生病的女孩 the ill girl (x) the sick girl (),一个在睡觉的婴儿 an asleep bab

5、y (x) a sleeping baby (), x,7. 定语形容词，这些形容词只能作定语。 如：little(小的)，only(唯一的)，wooden(木质的)， woolen(羊毛质的)，elder(年长的)。 My elder brother is in Beijing.(正) My brother is elder.(误) 8. 貌似副词的形容词。 如：lonely(独自的)，friendly(友好的)，lively(生动的)， lovely(可爱的)。,9.形容词的主动意义(-ed修饰人)和被动意义(-ing修饰物) 如：exciting interesting surprisi

6、ng boring tiring excited interested surprised bored tired This movie is very exciting. I am excited about the trip to the U.S. next week. The cartoon is very interesting. Even my parents are interested in the cartoon.,10.多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为： 限定词(冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、数词)描绘词(大小、长短、形状、新旧、长幼、颜色)名词。如： a famous A

7、merican medical school 一所非常著名的美国医学院,译林牛津版,(1)“Itsadj.ofsb不定式”表示“某人做某事”。,注意 这一句型中常用描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词，如： good(好的)，kind(友善的)，nice(友好的)，polite(有礼貌的)，clever(聪明的)，foolish(愚蠢的)，lazy(懒惰的)，careful(细心的)，careless(粗心的)，right(正确的)，wrong(错误的)等。,形容词的常用句式:,(2)“Its+adj.+for+sb+不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说”。,注意 这一句型中常用描述做某事性质的形容词：如

8、important(重要的)，necessary(必要的)，difficult(困难的)，easy(容易的)，hard(艰难的)，dangerous(危险的)，safe(安全的)，useful(有益的)，pleasant(舒适的)，interesting(有趣的)，impossible(不可能的)等。,译林牛津版,实练场： 1) Its nice _ you to come. 2) Its very important _ everyone to protect the environment. 3) Its very kind _you to do that. 4) Its difficul

9、t _ him to learn English well.,of,for,(1)“Itsadj.ofsb不定式”表示“某人做某事”。,(2)“Its+adj.+for+sb+不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说”。,of,for,形容词词组,害怕 对某事/某人生气 对擅长/不擅长 对感到高兴/满意 应该做某事 为而担心 对感兴趣 以自豪/为骄傲 因而道歉/后悔 擅长 对有好处/有害 忙于某事 忙于做某事 与不同 与一样 因而著名 喜欢,be afraid of be angry with sth./ sb. be good/bad at be pleased with be supposed to

10、 do sth. be worried about be interested in be proud of be sorry for be good at be good for; be bad for/be harmful to be busy with sth. be busy doing sth. be different from be the same as be famous for be fond of,形容词的 比较级和最高级,形容词的比较级和最高级 大多数形容词都有三个等级： 1、原级，即原形， 如：small（小的） 2、比较级，表示 “更 一些” 或 “比较 ” 的意思

11、， 如：smaller（更小，比较小） 3、最高级，表示 “最” 的意思， 如：smallest（最小）。 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成： 一、规则变化： 1、单音节和部分双音节词，在词尾加 -er 或 -est 。 2、大部分双音节词和多音节词，在其前面加 more 或 most 。 具体见下表：,Grammar,规则变化,taller, harder,tallest, hardest,larger wider,largest widest,bigger hotter fatter,biggest hottest fattest,happier earlier,happiest ear

12、liest,more,most,说说下列词的比较和最高级： high nice short near wet happy interesting late cold beautiful easy thin busy,higher, highest nicer, nicest shorter, shortest nearer, nearest wetter, wettest happier, happiest more interesting, most interesting later, latest colder, coldest more beautiful, most beautifu

13、l easier, easiest thinner, thinnest busier, busiest,early friendly solid 坚固的 cruel 残酷的,earlier, earliest / more early, most early friendlier, friendliest / more friendly, most friendly solider, solidest / more solid, most solid crueler, cruelest / more cruel, most cruel,以下形容词的比较级和最高级用以下两种方法表示都可以：,注意

14、,不规则变化,原 形 比 较 级 最 高 级,good well bad ill many much little old far,better,best,worse,worst,more,most,less,least,older,oldest,elder,eldest,farther,farthest,further,furthest,older, oldest 与 elder, eldest older, oldest 用于表示年龄大小 David looks older than John. David看起来比John年龄大。 elder, eldest 用于表示家庭成员之间的长幼关系

15、。 姐姐 哥哥 妹妹 弟弟,注意,elder sister elder brother younger sister younger brother,形容词原级、比较级、 最高级的用法,形容词原级的常用句型,1、Tom和Mike一样高。 Tom is _ Mike. 2、我爸爸和我妈妈年龄一样大。 My father is _my mother. 3、这个盒子的重量是那个盒子的三倍。 This box is three times _ that one.,as+形容词原形+as 和一样,1、 Tom isnt as/so tall as Mike. 2、My father isnt as/so

16、 old as my mother. 3、This box isnt three times as/so heavy as that one.,as tall as,as old as,as heavy as,否定：not as/so+形容词原形+as 和一样不；不如，不及,他年龄太小了，还不能上学。 He is so young that he cant go to school.,这只猫太大了，进不去那个洞。 The cat is too big to go into the hole.,so+ 形容词原级+that “如此以至于”, too+原级+ to do sth. “太而不能”,形

17、容词原级的常用句型,原级+ enough to do sth. “足够做”,我弟弟已经够年龄参军了。 My brother is old enough to join the army.,so+ 形容词原级+that “如此以至于”, too+原级+ to do sth. “太而不能”,1.他年龄太小了，还不能上学。 He is so young that he cant go to school. =He is too young to go to school. =He isnt old enough to go to school. 2.这只猫太大了，进不去那个洞。 This cat i

18、s so big that it cant go into the hole. =This cat is too big to go into the hole. =This cat isnt small enough to go into the hole.,形容词原级的常用句型之间的转换,原级+ enough to do sth. “足够做”,1. 我们的学校比他们的大。 Our school is larger than theirs. 2. 这座桥比那座长。 This bridge is longer than that one.,比较级+than,形容词比较级的常用句型,表示两者之间

19、的选择，可使用 “Which/Who is+ 比较级，or?”,1. 谁高一点，David还是Tom? Who is taller, David or Tom? 2. 哪本书便宜点，这本还是那本？ Which book is cheaper, this one or that one?,1.你工作越努力，你就赚得越多钱。 The harder you work, the more money you will earn. 2. 你吃得越多，你就会越胖。 The more you eat, the fatter you are. 3. 她越大越漂亮。 The older she is, the more beautiful she is.,越来越冷 越来越高 越来越有趣 越来越兴奋,The+比较级，the+比较级 “越就越”,比较级+and+比较级 “越来越”,colder and colder taller and taller / higher and higher more and more interesting more and more exciting,典型例题: 1）- Are you feeling _? - Yes，Im fine now. A. any