中考英语复习课件：名词专题讲解PPT课件（PPT 71张）.ppt

1、名词,desk,chair,blackboard,book,computer,glasses,light,man,tea,Rome,egg,tree,name,sea,eye,名词,表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念名称的词叫名词。,名词（Nouns）,可数名词 Countable Nouns,不可数名词 Uncountable Nouns,个体名词 Individual Nouns,集合名词 Collective Nouns,物质名词 Mass Nouns,抽象名词 Abstract Nouns,foot - feet,child - children,tooth - teeth,mouse -

2、mice,名词复数的不规则变化(1),名词复数的不规则变化(2),man - men,woman - women,men doctors,women teachers,one sheep,two sheep,a Chinese,two Chinese,a Japanese,several Japanese,名词复数的不规则变化(3):单复数形式相同,a German,some Germans,American -Americans Australian-Australians Canadian-Canadians,【巧学妙记】 1. 巧记名词复数变f/fe为v加-es的单词： 树叶 （leaf

3、） 半数 （half） 自己 （self） 黄， 妻子 （wife） 拿刀 （knife） 去杀狼 （wolf）， 架 （shelf） 后小偷 （thief） 逃命忙。 2. 一句话巧记以o结尾名词复数加-es的单词： 英雄（hero）爱吃西红柿（tomato）和土豆（potato）。,3. 一句话巧记名词复数的不规则变化： （1）字母变化：男女孩子的脚踩住老鼠的牙。 manmen, womanwomen, childchildren, footfeet, mousemice, toothteeth （2）各国人变复数：中日不变英法变，其余s加后面。 Chinese，Japanese单复数同形

4、； Englishman，Frenchman中man变为men；,其余各国人，如German，American，Indian等均在后面直接加-s。 （3）单复数同形：中日鹿鱼羊。 Chinese 中国人，Japanese 日本人，deer 鹿，fish鱼， sheep 羊（注：fish表示鱼的种类时，其复数形式是fishes）,one fish 一条鱼,fishes 不同种类的鱼各种各样的鱼,three fish 三条鱼,some fish一些鱼肉,可数名词,不可数名词,名词复数的不规则变化(4): “fish”,想一想：我们学过的名词还有哪些和fish的用法相同？,写出下列名词的复数形式,1

5、. boy 2. people 3. leaf 4. zoo 5. tomato 6. foot 7. eye 8. dress 9.wife 9. match 10. library 12. family 13. wish 14. photo 15.German 17. Chinese 18. day _ 19. dictionary 20. sheep _ 21. woman teacher _ 22. milkman _ 23. banana tree _ 24. boy student _ 25, policewoman _,必须注意的若干名词方面的问题(1) a.有些词既可数又不可数

6、但意思不同: time 次数/倍数 时间 glass 玻璃杯 玻璃 room 房间 空间 fish 鱼 鱼肉 b.有些词虽以-s结尾但却是单数: news , math(s) , physics , politics, . c.有些词始终是复数形式: people(人们), clothes, trousers, glasses(眼镜) , works(著作), times(时代). 有些词通常都是复数形式: shoes, gloves, ,d. people有两种意思:人/人们;民族 There are 56 peoples in China. 民族(加-s构成复数) There are 56

7、 people in the room. 人(们)(本身就是复数) e.这些是最常见的不可数名词,一般都没有复数形式 news, information, weather, work(工作), bread, knowledge, advice, fun 可数名词前可以加上one (a/an)，two，three来表示量的多少 一个苹果 _ 十本字典 _ 九辆公共汽车_ 那不可数名词的量要怎么表达呢？,必须注意的若干名词方面的问题(2),one (an) apple,ten dictionaries,nine buses,可以加上一些表示单位的名词来够成短语: a _ of paper / br

8、ead / meat / work / advice a _ of tea / coffee a _of water / milk a _ of glasses / trousers / gloves,piece cup glass/bottle pair,1 两杯牛奶 _ 2. 五袋米 _ 3. 六双鞋 _ 4. 四张纸 _ 5. 七杯茶 _,翻译下列词组,a.“数词+名词”构成的合成词作定语时该名词用单数形式 a two-month holiday an 8-year-old boy the boys 400-metre race,必须注意的特殊用法,b.关于几个表示数量的单位词 hund

9、reds / thousands / millions of people 9 hundred / thousand / million people,中考有关名词的试题,1、These _ have saved many childrens lives. A. woman doctors B. women doctor C. women doctors D. woman doctor 2、-Are there any _ on the farm? -Yes, there are some. A. horse B. duck C. chicken D. sheep 3、 -What would

10、 you like to drink, _ or orange? -Orange, please. A. hamburger B. chip C. tea 4、 _ turn yellow in autumn. A. Leaf B. Leaves C. Leave D. Leafs,C,D,C,B,5、Help yourselves to some _ , dear children! A. fishs B. fishes C. fish D. the fish 6、- They are thirsty. Will you please give them _ ? - Certainly. A

11、. some bottles of waters B. some bottles of water C. some bottle of water D. some bottle of waters 7、_ hard work it is! A. What a B. How C. What D. How a 8、I met two _ in the street yesterday morning. A. German B. Australian C. American D. Japanese,C,B,C,D,Whose watch is this？ Its Bruces.,名词所有格,含义：名

12、词所有格表示所属关系，说明某乌龟某人所有，相当于汉语中“的” 的意思。 如:玛丽的儿子 Marys son. 学校的大门 the gate of the school,名词所有格的分类,名词所有格可分为三种： 1、有生命名词的所有格 2、无生命名词的所有格 3、双重所有格,有生命名词的所有格,s还可以表示某人的家或某个店铺 如：my aunts（我阿姨家） the doctors （诊所）,无生命名词的所有格,1、无生命名词所有格一般用“of+名词”的结构表示。 如：the gate of the school 学校的大门 the door of the classroom 教室的门 2、有些

13、表示时间、距离以及国家等无生命的名词， 可以在词尾加s或 如： a、表时间：todays newspaper （今天的报纸） b、表距离：ten miles distance （十英里的距离） c、表国家、城市等实体：Chinas future （中国的未来）,双重所有格,双重所有格由“of+名词所有格” 如：a friend of my fathers 我爸爸的一个朋友 a picture of her sisters 她妹妹的一幅画 或“of+名词性物主代词” 如：a friend of mine 我的一个朋友 a book of mine 我的一本书,【巧学妙记】名词所有格的用法 英语名

14、词所有格， 表示某物是“谁的”， 所有格构成有方法， 多数要把s加， 复数词尾有s， 只加“”就OK， 名词若为无生命， 常把of来运用， 时间、地点和距离， 所有格也可用s。,1. The woman over there is _ mother. A. Julia and Shelleys B. Julias and Shelleys C. Julia and Shelley D. Julias and Shelley 2Today is September 10th. Its_ Day. Lets go and buy some flowers for our teachers. A.

15、Teacher B. Teachers C. the Teachers D. Teachers 3. Are they going to have a picnic on _ ? A. Childrens Day B. Childrenss Day C. Childrens Day D. Children Day,1. March 8th is_.(妇女节) 2. The children are wearing new clothes _.(儿童节那天) 3. This is_.莉莉和露西的房间） 4. They are_.（莉莉和露西的房间） 5.The old teacher is _.

16、 （是我的一个朋友） 6. The girl in red is _. （是我姐姐的一个好朋友）,Womens Day,on Childrens Day,Lily and Lucys room,Lilys and Lucys rooms,a friend of mine/one of my friends,a good friend of my sisters / one of my sisters good friends,名词的语法作用,Thank you for listening! Good night.,名词练习 单选34题,1. -Whats your favorite Chine

17、se traditional festival? -Its _.,A. April Fools Day B. Fathers Day C. Christmas Day D. The Spring Festival,2. In the coming summer holidays, my family _ going to take a one-week trip to Qingdao.,A. is B. are C. was D. were,3. -There _ no milk in the fridge. Could you get some for me, Dick? -All righ

18、t, Mum.,A. is B. are C. was D. were,4. -Can you get a piano for me, dear? -But there isnt enough _ for it in our house.,A. ground B. floor C. place D. room,5. A few _ are playing under the tree.,A. boy B. boys C. chids D. child,6. Look! The kites in the sky are in different _, some are big and some

19、are small.,A. sizes B. colors C. prices D. names,7. Its a beautiful, sunny day! There _ many people here on vacation.,A. be B. am C. is D. are,8. Look! Two _ are talking happily under the apple tree.,A. man teacher B. man teachers C. men teachers D. men teacher,9. -Whats in the _? -There are some _ and _ in them.,A. photoes; potatos; radios B. photos; potatoes; radios C. photoes; potatoes; radios D. photos;