1、高考英语双文阅读与学习高考英语双文阅读与学习:了不起的盖茨比:了不起的盖茨比-Chapter 1-03 今天句读内容是比较复杂的,主要是景色描写。 Chapter 1 It was a matter of chance that I should have rented a house in one of the strangest communities in North America. It was on that slender riotous island which extends itself due east of New York and where there are, a
2、mong other natural curiosities, two unusual formations of land. Twenty miles from the city a pair of enormous eggs, identical in contour and separated only by a courtesy bay, jut out into the most domesticated body of salt water in the Western Hemisphere, the great wet barnyard of Long Island Sound.
3、 They are not perfect ovalslike the egg in the Columbus story they are both crushed flat at the contact endbut their physical resemblance must be a source of perpetual confusion to the gulls that fly overhead. To the wingless a more arresting phenomenon is their dissimilarity in every particular exc
4、ept shape and size. 点拨:点拨: 本段有很多句子是比较难易理解的, 因为很多表达方法和汉语思维有很大的差异, 所以这样的段落非常有利于锻炼英语思维。 难句一: Twenty miles from the city a pair of enormous eggs, identical in contour and separated only by a courtesy bay, jut out into the most domesticated body of salt water in the Western Hemisphere, the great wet barn
5、yard of Long Island Sound. 这句话的主语是 a pair of enormous eggs, 谓语是 jut out。 identical in contour and separated only by a courtesy bay 修饰 eggs,相当于前面省略 了 which are the great wet barnyard of Long Island Sound 是 the body of salt water 的同位语 本句的意思为: 离城二十里路, 有一对其大无比的鸡蛋般的半岛, 外形一模一样, 中 间隔着一条小湾, 一直伸进西半球那片最恬静的咸水,
6、 长岛海峡那个巨大的潮湿的场院。 (巫宁坤译) 难句二: . They are not perfect ovalslike the egg in the Columbus story they are both crushed flat at the contact endbut their physical resemblance must be a source of perpetual confusion to the gulls that fly overhead. 破折号中间的句子是插入语,like the eggstory 是状语,they are flat 是主干, crushe
7、d 是定语 笔记:笔记: 1. a matter of 一件的事: be a matter of confidence/luck/waiting, etc. 只需信心运气等待等 Baking a cake isnt difficult - its just a matter of following the recipe.烤蛋糕并不难 只需照着食谱做就行。 be a matter of life and/or death 是生死攸关的事 And if you miss the bus, well, its not a matter of life and death.如果你错过了公车, 也不是
8、甚么大不了的事。 be a matter of opinion 看法因人而异,见仁见智 Both performances were excellent, its simply a matter of opinion as to whose was better.两场演出都很精彩,哪一场较好不过是见仁见智的事。 2. should 竟然;slender 细长的;riotous |rats|暴乱的,狂欢的(这里有两种不 同的理解:草木茂盛的;喧闹的)due east 正东;among other natural curiosities 除了其 它自然奇观外(among other things
9、除此之外);identical |adentkl|完全相同的 3. Twenty miles from the city 地点状语,意思:离城二十英里外;enormous eggs 此处是比喻,表示两个岛犹如两个巨大的鸡蛋 4. contour:外形, 轮廓(例如:the smooth contours of a sculpture 雕塑的平滑轮廓) jut /dt/ 突出;伸出 domesticated:被驯化的。barnyard/bnjd/场院 5. Columbus:哥伦布, 意大利航海家, 信奉地圆说, 最终发现了美洲大陆。 the egg in the Columbus story:
10、哥伦布的故事中那个一端被压碎了的鸡蛋。一次宴 会上,有人对哥伦布发现新大陆不屑一顾。哥伦布随问众人如何把鸡蛋竖于桌上,众 人屡试屡败。哥伦布将鸡蛋一端敲碎了一点,立了起来,说道:“这叫不破不立。凡 事成功之后总觉着平淡无奇。” 6. they are both crushed flat at the contact end 在碰过的那一头都是压扁了的 crush 压碎;contact 接触到的,碰到的 7. a source of的来源,一般说明非常的程度 “physical resemblance”指的是两个岛在外形上的相似, 而后一句的 “dissimilarity” 则是指两者不同。作者
11、在这里选取的视角非常有意思,他说外形的相似会让上空飞过 的海鸥永远地惊讶,而“the wingless”,“the+形容词”,表示一类物体或人,“没有 翅膀的一类事物”,指的就是人了。而对人来说,有趣的是除了外形和大小以外,两 个岛没有任何相似的地方。这个句子写得非常巧妙,后面我们会知道,东卵是上流人 士居住的地方,而西卵不是一个那么时尚入流的岛,作者在这里也暗示了两个岛居住 的是不同的阶级、阶层,这两个阶级之间的鸿沟是难以跨越的。 perpetual/ppetl/永久的, 永恒的(例如:a perpetual search for truth 一直追求真 理) dissimilarity:不
12、同, 区别(例如:dissimilarities between the US and Britain 英美的 区别) gull /gl/ n. 海鸥;particular /ptkjl(r)/ n. 细节 arresting 引人注意的 翻译:翻译: 我租房子的地方竟然属于北美最不同寻常的区域之一,这一切纯属巧合。这是一 个形状细长、 喧闹无比的岛屿, 这个岛一直延伸到纽约的东部。 这里有一些自然奇观, 其中一处就是两片异乎寻常的地貌。在距离城市二十英里的地方,有两个硕大无比的 卵形岛屿,其形状相同,仅被一条浅湾隔开,延伸到西半球最恬静的咸水域,即长岛 海峡的巨大湿地区域。它们的形状并不是标
13、准的椭圆形就像哥伦布在故事里描写 的蛋一样,在接壤处是犹如碰撞过形成的扁平状但是它们形状是如此地相似,就 连从天空掠过的海鸥都一定会对此困惑不已。而对于那些没有翅膀的来说,更加引人 注意的现象就是除了形状大小相同,这两个岛在其他方面都截然不同。 I lived at West Egg, thewell, the less fashionable of the two, though this is a most superficial tag to express the bizarre and not a little sinister contrast between them. My h
14、ouse was at the very tip of the egg, only fifty yards from the Sound, and squeezed between two huge places that rented for twelve or fifteen thousand a season. The one on my right was a colossal affair by any standardit was a factual imitation of some Hotel de Ville in Normandy, with a tower on one
15、side, spanking new under a thin beard of raw ivy, and a marble swimming pool and more than forty acres of lawn and garden. It was Gatsbys mansion. Or rather, as I didnt know Mr. Gatsby it was a mansion inhabited by a gentleman of that name. My own house was an eye-sore, but it was a small eye-sore,
16、and it had been overlooked, so I had a view of the water, a partial view of my neighbors lawn, and the consoling proximity of millionairesall for eighty dollars a month. 本段的景色描写非常细致,不过和 Tom 的豪宅比还是差了一些。 笔记:笔记: 地理位置与社会价值的关系在本书中是一个重要的主题部分。东卵(East Egg) 和西卵(West Egg)两地虽只是一衣带水, 但两地崇尚的价值却几乎背道而驰。 1. superfi
17、cial 肤浅的;tag 标签;bizarre:奇怪的, 奇异的(例如:a bizarre coincidence 奇异的巧合);sinister:险恶的, 不吉祥的 not a little 非常的(本意是:非 常多) express the bizarre and not a little sinister contrast between them 的主干是:express the contrast,在 contrast 前面有一堆修饰,字面意思是:奇怪且非常不祥的。这里的 sinister 也为后面盖茨比的下场做好了铺垫。 2. colossal:巨大的(例如:a colossal s
18、tatue 巨大的雕像) 3. squeeze 挤压; a colossal affair 庞然大物; rent at / for sth 以出租; 租金为:Houses here rent for at least $2,500 a week. 4. imitation 复制; 仿照; spanking new 相当于 brand new, spanking 非常的; spanking new under a thin beard of raw ivy 修饰 tower;marble 大理石 Hotel de Ville:市政厅(法语) Normandy:诺曼底, 法国北部一地区, 曾为诺曼
19、底公爵的领地, 内有很多古建筑。 a thin beard of ivy 有多种理解:一簇鲜嫩的常青藤;飘须似的常春藤 5. Or rather 更准确地说;inhabit |nhbt|居住于 6. eyesore: 难看的东西 (例如: The factory is an eyesore. 这个工厂真难看。 ) partial: 部分的, 不完全的 (例如: partial support 部分支持) ; consoling: 可安慰的, 动词为 console; proximity:接近, 附近(例如:We chose the house for its proximity to the
20、school. 我们选 择这个房子因为它离学校很近。) 翻译:翻译: 我住在西卵,就是两个岛中相对不怎么时髦的一个,这算是再肤浅不过的表达方 式了,因为比较两岛时总是充满着离奇和不祥的感觉。我的房子就在蛋尖上,距海湾 只有五十码,紧挨我房子两边的是两座气派的别墅,一个季度的租金要一万二到一万 五。我房子右边的私人别墅,从任何一方面来说,都算是大得无与伦比她简直就 是诺曼底市政厅的翻版,别墅的一边有一座塔楼,塔边上攀爬着一簇鲜嫩的常青藤, 让整个塔楼显得崭新夺目。楼旁有一个大理石游泳池,四十多英亩的大草坪和一个花 园。这里就是盖茨比的私人公寓。或者说,在这座私人公寓里,住着一位姓盖茨比的 先生,
21、因为我当时并不认识盖茨比。我自己的房子破旧得有些不堪入目,但是幸好房 子不大,无人注意,而我因此也可以欣赏海景,观赏邻居的部分草坪,并以能与百万 富翁为邻而自我安慰所有这些只需每月支付八十美元。 Across the courtesy bay the white palaces of fashionable East Egg glittered along the water, and the history of the summer really begins on the evening I drove over there to have dinner with the Tom Buc
22、hanans. Daisy was my second cousin once removed and Id known Tom in college. And just after the war I spent two days with them in Chicago. 笔记: glitter 发光;once removed 隔代的 Chicago:芝加哥, 位于美国中西部, 属伊利诺伊州, 东临密歇根湖。芝加哥及其郊 区组成的大芝加哥地区, 是美国仅次于纽约市和洛杉矶的第三大都会区。 翻译: 海湾对面是时尚的东卵区,一座座白色的豪宅倒映在水里,显得更加璀璨夺目。 就在那年夏天的一个傍晚
23、,我开车去汤姆 布坎南夫妇家吃饭,故事也就从这里开始。 黛西是我的远房表妹;而我在大学的时候就认识汤姆。战争刚结束的时候,我在芝加 哥同他们呆了两天。 Her husband, among various physical accomplishments, had been one of the most powerful ends that ever played football at New Havena national figure in a way, one of those men who reach such an acute limited excellence at twe
24、nty-one that everything afterward savors of anti-climax. His family were enormously wealthyeven in college his freedom with money was a matter for reproachbut now hed left Chicago and come east in a fashion that rather took your breath away: for instance hed brought down a string of polo ponies from
25、 Lake Forest. It was hard to realize that a man in my own generation was wealthy enough to do that. 笔记: 1. end:橄榄球锋线队员;in a way:在某种程度上。本句的主语是 her husband, a national figure 和 one of those men 同作同位语。本句话的意思为:黛西的丈夫在体育 方面成绩显赫, 其中之一是曾为纽黑文美式橄榄球有史以来最棒的一名锋线队员 可说是全国闻名的球星。 他是这样一个人, 二十一岁就在一个方面达到如此登峰造极的 地步, 日后无
26、论做什么, 总有点走下坡的味道。(姚乃强译) 2. 在表示“非常”的时候,我们可能会本能地使用“very”,而此处说到他的富有, 用了“enormously”这个词来修饰,大家可以去借鉴。 我们写作时,如果想描述某个人特别有钱,可能只能想到“very rich”。中文中其 实有很多方式来表达某人有钱,比如“富到令人发指”。此处作者告诉我们可以怎么 用英文去表达某个人有钱。Tom 花钱十分随心所欲,“freedom with money”,在钱方 面非常自由,那么自由到什么地步呢,后面说到“a matter for reproach”,“a matter for sth”指“一件的事”,“rep
27、roach”是“谴责、指责”的意思,所以就是“富到惹人 非议的地步”。 3. 后面的“in a fashion”,这里的“fashion”不是“时尚”的意思,而是指“方式”, 我们在写作时经常可以用它来替换掉“way”。 4. a matter for 一件让人的事; a matter of / for concern 关注的事 a matter for discussion / negotiation / consideration etc 需要讨论/磋商/考虑等的事 5. fashion /f()n/ n. 方法,方式 reproach/rprt/批评, 责备(例如:His conduct
28、 is beyond reproach. 他的行为无可非议。) 6. savor of 意味着,有一点,有几分(尤指令人不快的事) That suggestion savors of hypocrisy.那个建议有点虚伪。 savor 玩味; 尽情享受 She was just savoring the moment. 她正尽情享受这一刻。 7. polo ponies:打马球的马匹 8. Lake Forest:森林湖, 美国伊利诺伊州东北部小镇。 翻译: 她的丈夫不但擅长各种体育活动,而且曾经是纽黑文最有实力的橄榄球队边锋之 一, 因此在一定程度上也算是全国知名人物了。 这种 21 岁就在
29、某一领域登上顶峰的人, 将来的一切都未免有走下坡路的感觉。 他出生在一个非常富有的家庭他读大学时, 就可以自由挥霍金钱,还因此遭人非议但是现在他已经从芝加哥搬到了东部。当 时,他搬家的豪华阵容真是令人瞠目结舌:例如,他仅是马球马匹就从森林湖畔带来 一长列。和我同龄的男人能够阔绰到如此程度,也确实有点令人难以置信。 Why they came east I dont know. They had spent a year in France, for no particular reason, and then drifted here and there unrestfully whereve
30、r people played polo and were rich together. This was a permanent move, said Daisy over the telephone, but I didnt believe itI had no sight into Daisys heart but I felt that Tom would drift on forever seeking a little wistfully for the dramatic turbulence of some irrecoverable football game. And so
31、it happened that on a warm windy evening I drove over to East Egg to see two old friends whom I scarcely knew at all. Their house was even more elaborate than I expected, a cheerful red and white Georgian Colonial mansion overlooking the bay. The lawn started at the beach and ran toward the front do
32、or for a quarter of a mile, jumping over sun-dials and brick walks and burning gardensfinally when it reached the house drifting up the side in bright vines as though from the momentum of its run. The front was broken by a line of French windows, glowing now with reflected gold, and wide open to the
33、 warm windy afternoon, and Tom Buchanan in riding clothes was standing with his legs apart on the front porch. 笔记:笔记: 1. wistfully:忧愁地, 渴望地(尤指过去的或不可得的事物);turbulence:动荡, 混 乱;irrecoverable:无法挽回的。本句的意思为:我没法看清黛西的心思, 但是我感到汤 姆会永远不停地漂泊, 怅然若失地追寻往日橄榄球赛中某种荡气回肠的激动和纷乱。 (姚乃强译) 2. elaborate |lbr|精细的 3. jumping ov
34、er sun-dials and brick walks and burning gardensfinally when it reached the house drifting up the side in bright vines as though from the momentum of its run 本短语里:jumping, drifting 是伴随状语,修饰 the lawn,burning 鲜花怒放的; sun-dials 花园里的装饰物;drift up the side 顺着一边缓慢往上爬;in bright vines 变成 鲜艳的蔓藤;momentum |mment
35、m|动力 gain or gather/lose momentum 势头增强/减 弱 Georgian Colonial: 乔治殖民式 (建筑) 。 美国一些建筑在独立战争前 (16201795) 模仿英国乔治王时代(Georgian)、路易十四及路易十五的设计, 称为乔治殖民式(建 筑)。 翻译:翻译: 我不清楚他们为什么要搬到东部来。他们无缘无故地去法国呆了一年,然后又四 处飘荡, 他们所到之处总会聚集一群富豪, 还经常一起打马球。 黛西在电话上告诉我, 这次搬来要定居到这里,但是我不相信她的话我并不了解黛西的心思,但是我感 觉汤姆会永远地这样飘荡下去,因为他渴望追求由一场场橄榄球赛所带来
36、的刺激与兴 奋,这种球赛不容错过。于是,在一个微风送爽的傍晚,我开车来东卵探望两个自己 都不怎么熟悉的朋友。他们房子的精致华贵完全出乎我的预料,一座红白相间、令人 赏心悦目的乔治王殖民期风格的豪宅临海而立。足有四分之一英里长的草坪从海滩一 直朝家门口飞奔而来,越过日晷,砖墙以及花红似火的私人花园最后到达房子边 缘,仿佛是借助其奔跑之势,青草变成了鲜嫩的蔓藤,从房子的一边攀爬而上。草坪 边上直立着一面法式落地窗,此刻正在彤红的晚霞里发着金光,窗户迎着温和宜人的 晚风敞开着,汤姆 布坎南身着骑手服,双腿叉开,站在前门阳台上。 He had changed since his New Haven y
37、ears. Now he was a sturdy, straw haired man of thirty with a rather hard mouth and a supercilious manner. Two shining, arrogant eyes had established dominance over his face and gave him the appearance of always leaning aggressively forward. Not even the effeminate swank of his riding clothes could h
38、ide the enormous power of that bodyhe seemed to fill those glistening boots until he strained the top lacing and you could see a great pack of muscle shifting when his shoulder moved under his thin coat. It was a body capable of enormous leveragea cruel body. 分析: 这一段不是在描写 Tom 的有钱,而是在描写他的外貌特征。我们可以感受下
39、,当 作者形容一个极度强壮又极度傲慢的人的时候,都用了哪些表达。比如说在讲到 Tom 的五官的时候,作者用了“rather hard mouth”,还有“two shining arrogant eyes”。“hard mouth”,“嘴角时刻都非常冰冷、坚硬”,从这样的嘴巴里吐出来的言辞应该也是非常 刺耳的,“arrogant eyes”指“傲慢无礼的双眼”。接下去说到他的身形和行为的时候,用 到“supercilious manner”, “目空一切的态度”, “always leaning aggressively forward”, “身 体总是咄咄逼人地向前倾”,“aggressiv
40、ely”用得非常好。然后又说到他有“enormous power”,“great pack of muscle”,“a cruel body”,“一具非常残忍的身体”。 笔记: 1. sturdy /std/ adj. 强健的;straw-haired:稻黄色头发;effeminate/femnt/(指 男人) 柔弱的, 女人气的; swank: 优雅, 装扮;strain: 拉紧。 supercilious /supsls/ adj. 目 空一切的; swank /swk/ n. 出风头,虚张声势 2. establish dominance 建立了主导地位(这里说那双眼睛在脸上起主导地位,
41、非常 突出)dominance /dmnns/ 优势;支配地位;leverage/liv()rd/ n. 手段,影响力 全句是个否定句, 破折号后面做解释说明成分。全句的意思为:即使他那套像女人 穿的优雅的骑装也掩藏不住那个身躯的巨大的体力他仿佛填满了那双雪亮的皮 靴, 把上面的带子绷得紧紧的;他的肩膀转动时, 你可以看到一大块肌肉在他薄薄的上 衣下面移动。(姚乃强译) 翻译: 与在纽黑文的时候相比,他基本上没有什么变化。如今他已是年过三十,身体强 健,满头黄发,嘴角露出强硬之气,看上去盛气凌人。一双炯炯有神的眼睛流露着傲 慢之气,他的眼睛非常引人注意,好像在告诉人们他是一个自信胆大而且积极上
42、进的 人。即使是他那柔软而优雅的骑手服也掩盖不了那强壮有力的身躯他似乎是把那 双锃亮的鞋子塞满后,又将上边的鞋带绷紧,而且当他的肩膀在那薄薄的上衣下动一 下,你就可以看到下面大块的肌肉在移动。那是一个强壮有力的躯体,一个冷酷的躯 体。 His speaking voice, a gruff husky tenor, added to the impression of fractiousness he conveyed. There was a touch of paternal contempt in it, even toward people he likedand there were
43、 men at New Haven who had hated his guts. 分析: 这一段讲到了 Tom 的声音,作者用到的一些表达是“fractiousness”,“性情非常 暴躁”,“paternal contempt”,“教训人似的轻蔑口吻”,这些词让人感到 Tom 的不 可一世和目中无人,让你光读这个文字就觉得非常难以忍受。但是你不敢反抗他,因 为他同时有着巨大的力量,给人非常强的压迫感,甚至是一种恐惧感。 笔记: a touch of 有一点 gruff /grf/ adj. 粗暴的,粗哑的;husky /hsk/ adj. 声音沙哑的;tenor /ten/ n. 男 高音;fractiousness n. 性情暴躁;paternal /ptn()l/ adj. 近乎父亲的;gut /gt/ n. 内脏 (have the guts to do something 有胆量做某事) 翻译: 他说话时声音粗哑,加深了他给人的那种性情暴戾的印象。即便是他同自己很喜 欢的人说话,也总是带着一种居高临下的轻蔑口吻于是在纽黑文就不难找出对他 的狂妄自大深恶痛绝之人。
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