（新教材）2021年人教版高中英语必修第三册同步练习：UNIT 4　Section B.docx

1、UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION Section B Reading and Thinking 课后篇巩固提升 基础夯实 .单句填空 1.Babies are not born knowing the basic fact of universe. 答案 the 2.She (signal) a passing taxi and asked him to take her to the railway station. 答案 signaled 3.The professor was delighted to find that two thirds of the project

2、 had been finished by the students (independent). 答案 independently 4.I handed out my resumes and went home feeling very (disappoint). 答案 disappointed 5.While (intelligence) people can often simplify the complex,a fool is more likely to complicate the simple. 答案 intelligent 6.Johnny broke away and ra

3、n outside,determined never (go) to another dance. 答案 to go 7.Our feelings of well-being at any moment are (determine) to a certain degree by genes. 答案 determined 8.He has improved greatly at piano playing after a years (far) study. 答案 further 9.Change 4 has been sent (explore) the far side of the mo

4、on. 答案 to explore 10.It took him a long time (acquire) the skills he needed to become a good dancer. 答案 to acquire .短语填空(注意动词的适当形式) lead to,dock with,on board,make progress,focus on,carry on,go wrong,believe in 1.The captain refused to leave his sinking ship while there were others . 答案 on board 2.M

5、ary and her sister have the family tradition of giving away plants. 答案 carried on 3.When you somebody,dont be in a rush to change your mind. 答案 believe in 4.I lost all my files today because something with my computer. 答案 went wrong 5.The medical community continues to in the fight against cancer. 答

6、案 make progress 6.The talks will economic development of the region. 答案 focus on 7.It is widely accepted that young babies learn to do things because certain acts reward. 答案 lead to 8.The first attempt of the spaceship to the orbital station failed. 答案 dock with .一句多译 1.我们的校长总是每天第一个到达学校。 Our headmas

7、ter is always the first school every day.(定语从句) Our headmaster is always the first school every day.(动词不定式 短语) 答案 who gets to;to get to 2.我弟弟决定大学毕业后当医生。 My brother has to be a doctor after he graduates from university.(mind) Li Ming as a doctor after he graduates from university.(be determined to do

8、) 答案 made up his mind;was determined to work 3.三个多小时后,我们成功地登上了山顶。 After over three hours,we up to the top of the mountain.(manage to do) After over three hours,we up to the top of the mountain.(succeed in doing) 答案 managed to climb;succeeded in climbing 4.许多人到大城市去希望过好的生活。 Many people go to big citie

9、s living a better life.(介词短 语) Many people go to big cities a better life.(动词-ing 形式作伴随状 语) 答案 in the hope of;hoping to live 5.我们努力学习,为了在结束中学生涯后考上大学。 We study hard to university after we finish middle school.(so as to) We study hard to university after we finish middle school.(so that) 答案 so as to g

10、o;so that we can go 素养提升 .阅读理解 Dutch designer Daan Roosegaarde has spent much of his time seeking artistic solutions to solve our environmental problems.His past projects include “Bioluminescent(生物发光)Trees” to light streets,a “Smog-Free Tower” to clean Beijings polluted air and “Gates of Light”,whic

11、h uses the headlamps of passing cars to light up the 60 floodgates of the Afsluitdijk,a major dam in the Netherlands.Now,he is hoping to use his skills to solve a pressing global problemspace junk! Scientists guess that there are over 500,000 bits of large rubbish.To deal with the problem,Roosegaard

12、e intends to achieve his goal by educating the public about the need of the situation and coming up with possible solutions.The plan,called the Space Waste Lab,started in October 2018 with a laser(激光)show in the Netherlands.The unique outdoor artwork of LEDs used real-time tracking information to po

13、int at pieces of space junk floating at altitudes of 200 to 20,000 kilometers.The experience was designed to make the public know more about how much space junk there are. To find a solution,the designer has been thinking with experts.One of the projects being considered is “Shooting Stars”,which at

14、tempts to reintroduce the trash to the atmosphere in a controlled way.Upon reentry the waste would burn in the atmosphere like a shooting star.Roosegaarde envisages that,if successful,burning space trash could someday replace fireworks at large public events! In September 2018,the RemoveDEBRIS satel

15、lite successfully sent a net to catch a target while orbiting at an altitude of about 300 kilometers(190 miles).Sometime this year,the capsule will set free a harpoon that has been designed to remove space trash.At the end of its task,RemoveDEBRIS will let go for a sail to bring the satellite itself

16、,and hopefully some trash,back into the atmosphere,where it will burn up. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一位荷兰设计师试图通过艺术形式有创意地解 决太空垃圾问题。本文考查了学生人与自然的能力,体现了天空探索的学科素养。 1.What can we infer about Daan Roosegaarde? A.He is too aggressive to put forward good plans. B.He is creative in solving environmental problems. C

17、.He is fond of spending all of his time seeking art skills. D.He is sensitive to art reflected in environmental projects. 答案 B 解析推理判断题。根据第一段“His past projects include Bioluminescent(生物发光)Trees to light streets,a Smog-Free Tower to clean Beijings polluted air and Gates of Light,which uses the headlam

18、ps of passing cars to light up the floodgates of the Afsluitdijk,a major dam in the Netherlands.”可 知丹 罗斯加德在解决环境问题上很有创造力,故选 B项。 2.Why was a laser show held in October 2018? A.To confirm real-time information about space trash. B.To show the great beauty of LEDs to common people. C.To raise public awa

19、reness of the amount of space trash. D.To inspire people to consider the solution to space trash. 答案 C 解析细节理解题。根据第二段“The experience was designed to make the public know more about how much space junk there are.”可知,举办这个激光秀的目的是提高公众对太空垃圾数量的认识,故选 C项。 3.What does the underlined word “envisage” in Paragra

20、ph 3 probably mean? A.Suspect. B.Demand. C.Advise. D.Imagine. 答案 D 解析词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“.if successful,burning space trash could someday replace fireworks at large public events!”可知,丹 罗斯加德的设想如果成功的话,焚烧太空垃圾有一天会取代大型活动 中的烟火。推测画线词意为“设想、想象”,故选 D 项。 4.What is the function of a sail? A.Bringing the satellite to

21、atmosphere to burn. B.Keeping trash traveling along its own orbit. C.Taking the satellite away from atmosphere. D.Removing space trash out of the capsule. 答案 A 解析细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“At the end of its task,Remove DEBRIS will let go for a sail to bring the satellite itself,and hopefully some trash,back int

22、o the atmosphere,where it will burn up.”可知,在 任务结束时,扬帆的目的是将卫星带入到大气层中自动焚毁,故选 A 项。 .七选五 Shooting for the Stars Tereshkova flew into space on June 16,1963,on the three-day Vostok 6 mission.After 48 orbits and 71 hours,she returned to Earth,having spent more time in space than all U.S.astronauts combined

23、 to that date. 1 A textile worker from a modest family,Tereshkova became interested in parachuting at a young age. 2 Tereshkova and four other women were part of the first all-female cosmonaut training group in 1961,but only Tereshkova ever completed a flight. After Tereshkovas landmark mission,it w

24、ould take another 20 years for the United States to send a woman into space. 3 Since then,a total of 57 women from nine different countries have blasted off. Chinese astronaut Wang Yaping heads for the launch site shortly before her mission to dock with a space lab on June 11. 4 NASA astronaut Karen

25、 Nyberg was aboard the International Space Station and China sent its second-ever female astronaut,Wang Yaping,to work on its orbiting space module.However,Tereshkova remained the only woman to complete a solo flight. In recent years,NASA has run into trouble with funding. 5 However,this new class o

26、f astronaut candidates suggests that NASA is looking ahead to the future of space exploration.The group includes the first female fighter pilot to become an astronaut in almost two decades,as well as a female helicopter pilot. A.Since then,many astronauts have conquered the space. B.Two women have b

27、een in orbit in recent years. C.However,her parents thought it dangerous to do so and tried to stop her. D.Currently,there are no American spacecraft that can carry humans to space. E.Sally Ride became the first female American woman to leave Earth on June 18,1983. F.It took place just two years aft

28、er Yuri Gagarin achieved the first piloted spaceflight in 1961. G.Her experience in parachute jumping led to her being selected as a cosmonaut by the Russian government. 答案与解析 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。1963年 6 月 16日,俄罗斯宇航员捷列什科娃进入太空,成为 第一位进入太空的女宇航员。 1.F 上文提到“1963 年 6月 13 日,Tereshkova 进入太空”,F项中的“It took place just two years.in 1961.”和上文的 1963 时间正好吻合。 2.G 根据下文的“Tereshkova 和其他四位女士是 1961年全女士宇航员训练队的一部分人员”可知,上 文应该是提到她被选为宇航员,所以选 G 项。 3.E 根据上文的“美国又用了 20年才把女性送入太空”可知,E 项与此语境相符。 4.B 根据下文的“NASA astronaut Karen Nyberg”和“Wang Yaping”可知,上文应该提到两位宇航员,所 以选 B项。 5.D 根据上文的“近几年美国航空航天局资金困难”可知,美国暂时没有载人航天计划,所以选 D 项。