2021届高三英语语法复习 被动语态写作专练讲义及练习含答案.docx

1、被动语态写作专练被动语态写作专练 被动语态的构成形式被动语态的构成形式 被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由 be过去分词 构成，be 随时态的变化而变化。以 do 为例， That boy breaks the glass. (主动语态) The glass is broken by that boy. （被动语态） 各种时态的被动语态形式为：各种时态的被动语态形式为： 1.主语+am/is/are+done +by+宾语（执行者）+时间/地点 (一般现在时) 2.主语+was/were done +by+宾语（执行者）+时间/地点（一般过去时） 3.主语+am/is/are be

2、ing done +by+宾语（执行者）+时间/地点（现在进行时） 4.主语+was/were being done +by+宾语（执行者）+时间/地点（过去进行时） 5.主语+ has/have been done +by+宾语（执行者）+时间/地点（现在完成时） 6.主语+had been done +by+宾语（执行者）+时间/地点 （过去完成时） 7.主语+shall/will be done +by+宾语（执行者）+时间/地点 （一般将来时） 8.主语+should/would be done +by+宾语（执行者）+时间/地点（过去将来时） 9.主语+情态动词+be done +b

3、y+宾语（执行者）+时间/地点（含情态动词） 注：1.只有及物动词才有被动语态，或者说被动语态中的动词必须 是及物动词。 2.被动语态中的执行者，即 by sb.部分常常会省略。 主动变被动实例展示主动变被动实例展示。 1.They request visitors not to touch the exhibits. Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits . 2.He gave me ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. I was given ten mi

4、nutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. 3.They are building a new cinema here. A new cinema is being built here. 4.His father made him wash the dishes. He was made to wash the dishes by his father. 一、仿写练习，把下列句子变成被动语态句子。 1. His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 2. Someone caught

5、the boy smoking a cigarette. 3. Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 4. They were holding a meeting when I was there. 5. We have completed all the preparations for the task. 6. People will lose hundreds of jobs if the factory closes. 二、把下列句子变成被动语态。 1. They promised Mary a new doll for her

6、birthday. 2. I have told the children many times not to skate on the pond. 3. Do they take good care of the sick? 4. The company has paid the workers very handsome wages. 5. They showed me the room where they lived. 6. We clean the classroom every day. 三、翻译下列句子。 1.他的计划被证实是实用的。 （prove) 2.肉在煮着呢。 （cook

7、) 3.这种布卖得很好。 （sell) 4.你收到回信了吗？ 5.她出生在一个小村庄。 6.这首诗翻译得很好。 （translate) 7.这本字典很值得买。 （be worth doing) 8.大量的书在展览。 （be on show/be being shown) 9.令我们吃惊的是，这个问题在半个小时内解决了。(to ones surprise) 10.都怪你妈妈把你宠坏了。 （spoil sb.宠坏某人） 11.那座旧房子需要修葺了。 （need doing/to be done) 12.这个数学问题马上就要让学生讨论了。 （be going to be discussed amon

8、g.) 13.这项工程将会在 7 月底之前竣工。 （complete) 14.到上个月月底，所有的书都卖出去了。 （by the end of,sell out) 15.小婴儿应该让父母好好照顾。 （take care of) 16.政府应该更多地关注环境保护问题。 （pay attention to) 17.我不喜欢在公众场合被人嘲笑。 （like doing/to do) 18.有人看见这个小女孩每天放学后都要照顾生病的奶奶。 （be seen to do) 19.我说教室将在 5 点以前打扫完。 20.校运动会将在下星期举行吗？ 四、单句语法填空。 1. I like these Eng

9、lish songs and they_ (teach) many times on the radio . 2. No decision (make) about any future appointment until all the candidates have been interviewed . 3. He_ (regard) as a national hero for winning the first gold medal for his country in the Olympics. 4 . The trees ( blow ) down in the storm hav

10、e been moved off the road. 5. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good (breathe). 6. The water_(feel) cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise. 7. It is said that a new robot (design) by him in a few days. 8.Tim (unemploy) since he lost his job three weeks ago.

11、 9. By the end of last year, another new gymnasium (complete) in Beijing. 10.Every possible means (try) ,but none (prove)successful. 答案 一、仿写练习 1. He was given a present for his birthday by his mother. 2.The boy was caught smoking a cigarette(by someone). 3.A stranger was seen to walk into the buildi

12、ng(by someone). 4.A meeting was being held when I was there. 5.All the preparations for the task have been completed. 6.Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes. 二、把下列句子变成被动语态 1. Mary was promised a new doll for her birthday. 2. The children have been told many times not to skate on the p

13、ond. 3. Are the sick taken good care of by them? 4. The workers have been paid very handsome wages by the company. 5.I was showed the room where they lived. 6. The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 三、翻译下列句子 1.His plan proved(to be)practical.(主动形式表被动意义） 2.The meat is cooking.(主动形式表被动意义） 3.The clo

14、th sells well.(主动形式表被动意义） 4. Did your letter get answered? 5. She was born in a small village. 6.The poem translates well. 7. This dictionary is well worth buying. 8. Lots of books are on show. = Lots of books are being shown. 9. To our surprise, this problem was worked out in half an hour. 10. It i

15、s your mother who should be to blame for spoiling you. 11.The old house needs repairing(to be repaired). 12.The maths problem is going to be discussed among the students soon 13.The project will have been completed by the end of July. 14. By the end of last month, all the books had been sold out. 15

16、. Babies should be taken good care of by their parents 16. The problem of environmental protection should be paid more attention to by the government. 17.I dont like being(to be)laughed at in the public. 18. The little girl was seen to look after her sick grandmother after school every day. 19.I said the classroom would have been cleaned by 5:00. 20.Will the school sports meeting be held next week? 四、单句语法填空。 1.have been taught 2.will be made 3.was regarded 4.blown 5.to breathe 6.felt 7.will be designed 8.has been unemployed 9.had been completed 10.has been tried;proves