2018中考英语真题分类汇编：专题7、阅读理解-精讲一、判断正误型.doc

1、（2018 云南昆明）A Disney has made many cartoon movies. The princesses（公主们）in the movies are often girls favourite characters. From Snow White to Moana, every princess leaves a deep impression （印象） on people. However, have you noticed that Disney princesses are changing? In the early Disney cartoon movies

2、, princesses like Snow White, Cinderella and Aurora from Sleeping Beauty are usually good-looking and kind-hearted. But they have to depend on others to get out of trouble and find happiness. They end up living happily with their princes. Now, people still love those princesses, but more and more gi

3、rls know they have to fight for their own happiness. Disney has noticed the change. So the princesses in its newer movies dont just have good looks. Merida from Brane is a good example. She was born a princess and she likes going on adventures （冒险） . She spends her days practicing archery（射箭术）riding

4、 her horse and experiencing the world around her. She loves her family, but she wants to take control of her own life. Some time ago, Disney even put up their “10 new rules for being a modern princess”. The rules include: Care for others. Live healthily. Dont judge a book by its cover. Be honest; Be

5、 a friend you can trust; Believe in yourself; Right wrongs; Try your best; Be loyal and Never give up. None of the rules are about the looks of a princess. Anyway, ones inner beauty is more valuable. Dont you think so? 根据短文内容，判断句子正（T）误（F） 。 （共 5 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 46. Snow White is a good-lookin

6、g and kind-hearted girl. 47. All Disney princesses can get out of difficulty and find happiness by themselves. 48. The princesses in Disneys newer movies just have good looks. 49. Merida wants to take control of her own life. 50. Disney has found it more valuable to have inner beauty than to just ha

7、ve good looks. 体裁 说明文 话题 卡通人物 词数 260 【主旨大意】 本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了迪士尼卡通电影故事中公主形象的变化，美丽、诚实、勇敢、忠诚 这些都是人们喜欢她们的原因，但是，心灵美才是最重要的。 46.T 细节理解题。由第二段第一句“In the early Disney cartoon movies, princesses like Snow White, Cinderella and Aurora from Sleeping Beauty are usually good-looking and kind-hearted.”可知此题是正确的。 47.F

8、细节理解题。根据第二段中“But they have to depend on others to get out of trouble and find happiness.”可知她们只能依靠自己走出困境，找到幸福。 48.F 细节理解题。根据第三段中“So the princesses in its newer movies dont just have good looks.”可知 迪士尼新电影中的公主并不是只有好看的外表。 49.T 细节理解题。根据第四段中“She loves her family, but she wants to take control of her own l

9、ife.”可知 她想控制自己的生活。故正确。 50.T 细节理解题。根据文章最后一句话“Anyway, ones inner beauty is more valuable.”可知一个人的内 在美更加有价值，故此题正确。 A（2018 广西百色） Suggestions for travelling Dos Donts Talk politely to strangers Wash your hands before eating, and eat quietly. Remember to wear comfortable shoes. Try to take public transport

10、. Spit(吐痰) or drop litter everywhere. Talk loudly on your mobile phone. Take off your shoes on planes, trains or buses. Smoke in public places. Try to speak some of the local language even if you can only say “Hello” and “Thank you”. Visit local sights, taste local food and try to understand other p

11、eoples lives in new places. Cut in line. Cross the street when the red light is on. Write graffiti(乱涂乱画) anywhere. Just go shopping. 根据短文尼尔， 判断下列句子意思与原文是否相符，相符的写 T，不相符的写 F。 51. We are supposed to eat quietly and talk politely. 52. Its possible to talk loudly on mobile phone. 53. Cutting in line and

12、littering are not allowed. 54. You can take off your shoes on buses. 55. These suggestions are for kids only. 题材 说明文 话题 旅游建议 词数 111 【主旨大意】这篇短文列举了旅游期间应该做的事情和不应该做的事情。我们最好遵循它们，做到文明出 行。 51. T 根据表格左边第一条建议“有礼貌地和陌生人交谈” 和第二条建议“在吃东西之前洗手， 静静地吃”可知 题干所表达意思和原文相符。 52. T 根据表格右边第二条建议“不要用手机大声交谈”可知有些人做的不好， 存在这种现象。 故题

13、干“用手机 大声交谈是可能的”与原文相符。 53. T 根据表格右边第一条建议“不要到处吐痰或乱扔垃圾”和第五条建议“不要插队”可知题干所表达意思和 原文相符。 54. F 根据表格右边第三条建议“不要在飞机、火车、公交车上脱鞋子”可知题干所表达意思和原文不相符。 55. F 文中没有表明这些建议仅仅适用于孩子。事实上，旅行期间有时候成年人也做的不够好，所以这些建 议适合任何人。故题干所表达意思和原文不相符。 第三部分第三部分 阅读理解（共三节，满分阅读理解（共三节，满分 35 分）分） (2018云南曲靖)第一节 根据短文内容, 判断正误。正确的填“T”，错误的填“F”，并将答案涂到答题卡的

14、相 应位置上。(共 5 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分) To me, life would be boring without music. I realize that it is not true for everybody. Many people get along quite well without going to the concerts, and listening to the CDs. But music plays an important part in everyones life, whether he realizes it or not. Try

15、 to imagine, for example, what films or TV plays would be like without music. Would the feeling, the moving story, and the greatest interests, be so exciting? Im not sure about it. Now, we have been speaking of music in its more common meaning the kind of music we hear in the concert hall. But if we

16、 look at some parts of music more closely, we discover them in our everyday life, too in the sound of the sea, the singing of a bird in the woods and so on. So music surely has meaning for everyone. And, of course, it has special meaning for those who have spent all their lives working on playing or

17、 writing music. It is well said, “Though music a child enters into a world of beauty express himself from his heart, feels the joy of doing things alone, learns to take care of others, develops his mind and makes his body strong” 46. Music is very important in my life. 47. Some people dont realize t

18、he importance of music. 48. Music cant be found everywhere in everyday life. 49. Music has meaning, especially for musicians. 50. The writer talked mainly about the development of music. 体裁 议论文 话题 娱乐活动 词数 209 【主旨大意】 本文谈论的是音乐在生活中的重要性以及意义。 46.T 细节理解题, 根据第一段中“music plays an important part in everyones

19、life”得知音乐在生活中很重要。 47.T 细节理解题, 根据第一段中“whether he realizes it or not.”得知有些人并没有意识到音乐的重要性。 48.F 细节理解题, 根据第二段中“if we look at some parts of music more closely, we discover them in our everyday life, too”得知音乐在日常生活中随处可以被发现。 49.T 细节理解题, 根据第三段中“So music surely has meaning for everyone. And, of course, it has

20、special meaning for those who have spent all their lives working on playing or writing music.”得知音乐对每个人来说都 有含义尤其对音乐人来说。 50.F 主旨大意题 本文谈论的是音乐在生活中的重要性以及意义。而不是讨论音乐的发展。 第一节 根据短文内容，判断正误（正确“T”，错误“F”） ，并将所选答案涂到答案卡的相应位置上。 （共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） (2018 云南) On a farm lived a father and a son. The father alw

21、ays got up early and read books by the stove. One morning, the son came up to him and said. “Dad, I read books at night but forget most of them the next morning. Whats the good of reading?” The father didnt reply to his question at once. He passed him a basket that was used to carry coal. He said, “

22、Get some water from the river with the basket and then Ill tell you the answer.” The son felt surprised but he did as his father said. He tried many times but every time the water leaked(漏掉) form the basket. An hour later, the son came back with the empty basket and told his father it was impossible

23、 to hold water with the basket. The father said with a smile. “Yes, you are right, my son. The basket cant hold water. But did you notice the basket was different?” The son found the dirty basket had become clean. The father continued, “Reading is like holding water with the basket. Although we cant

24、 remember all we read, we have changed while reading.” 46. The father was used to reading in the morning. 47. The son wondered if reading was good for him. 48. The father didnt answer his sons question because he thought it was stupid. 49. The basket had no difference after the son used it to get wa

25、ter from the river. 50. From the passage, we know that reading can make a difference to a person. 体裁 记叙文 话题 阅读 词数 196 【主旨大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了住在农场的一对父子讨论阅读意义的故事。父亲用竹篮打水 一场空的事例告诉儿子：“阅读就像用篮子装水。尽管我们不能记住所有我们读的内容，但是我们在阅读中 改变”。 46.T 【解析】细节理解题。 由文章第一段第二句 The father always got up early and read books by the st

26、ove. 可知父亲一直早起在火炉旁读书，故正确。 47. T 【解析】细节理解题。由文章第一段the son came up to him and said. “Dad, I read books at night but forget most of them the next morning. Whats the good of reading?” 可知儿子想知道阅读是否对他有好处。 故正 确。 48. F 【解析】细节理解题。 由文章第四段 The father said with a smile. “Yes, you are right, my son. The basket cant

27、 hold water. But did you notice the basket was different?” 父亲微笑着回答：“是的，你是正确的，我的儿 子。篮子不能装水，但是你发现篮子发生了变化吗？”。父亲没立刻回答是想让儿子领悟读书让我们发生改 变的道理。故选错误。 49. F 【解析】细节理解题。 由文章最后一段The son found the dirty basket had become clean知道脏的篮 子变干净了。故错误。 50. T 【解析】细节理解题。 由文章最后一段最后一句中 The father continued, “Reading is like hol

28、ding water with the basket. Although we cant remember all we read, we have changed while reading.” 可知阅读就像用篮子 装水。尽管我们不能记住左右我们读的内容，但是我们在阅读中改变。故正确。 （2018 广西柳州） A A dentist (牙医) was starting his work in the morning. Suddenly a man ran in. His face was red and he could only say”Quick! Quick!” The dentist

29、 thought he must be very sick. His assistant (助手) helped to make the man sit in a chair. The dentist gave the man some medicine to make him sleep. Then,he looked in the mans mouth and pulled out all the bad teeth. When the man woke up,he said in a low voice,”Quick,doctor,quick.” “Its all right now.”

30、 the dentist told him,”Its over.” “You dont understand,” said the man,”I came to tell you that your house is one fire.” 根据短文内容判断正误，正确的在答题卡上涂 A，错误的涂 B。 51.The dentist was starting his work in the morning. 52.Suddenly a woman ran into the dentists office. 53.The dentist thought the man must be very si

31、ck. 54.The dentists assistant helped to make the man sit on a table. 55.The dentist pulled out all the mans bad teeth. 体裁 记叙文 话题 故事 字数 135 【主旨大意】文章用记叙文的方式讲述了一个幽默的笑话：一名男子急促的跑到牙医那里想告诉他他家着 火了，但是却被牙医拔了牙齿。 41.A【解析】细节理解题。由文章第一句话“A dentist was starting his work in the morning.”得知，故选 A。 42.B【解析】细节理解题。由文章第一行

32、“Suddenly a man ran in”可以得知，是一名男子跑了进来。故选 B。 43.A【解析】细节理解题。由文章第二行“The dentist thought he must be very sick”得知，本句正确，故选 A。 44.B【解析】细节理解题。由文章第三行“His assistant helped to make the man sit in a chair”得知，是坐在椅子 上，而不是桌子上，故选 B。 45.A【解析】细节理解题。由文章第四行“He looked into the mans mouth and pulled out all his bad teeth

33、”得知， 牙医拔出了男子所有的蛀牙。 (2018 贵州铜仁) 根据短文内容，判断 66-70 小题句子的正(A)或误(B)。并在答题卡的相应位置将其涂黑。 Zhang He was born in 1371. He was a Ming dynasty explorer. We Chinese people are proud of him. As a captain and palace official, he led sever ocean journeys from 1405 to 1433. At that time, the compass played an important

34、role in his sailing. He even succeeded in sailing to the east coast of Africa. He was a great explorer. He is really the pride of China. He died of illness on his way home from Africa in 1433. 66. Zheng He was a captain of Tang dynasty. 67. He led seven ocean journeys from 1405 to 1433. 68. He died

35、at the age of 28 years old. 69. The Chinese people are proud of him. 70. His last ocean journey was more than half a century earlier than Columbus first journey to America. 体裁 记叙文 话题 人物传记 字数 81 【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了明朝著名探险家、航海家郑和的生平，他生于 1371 年， 死于 1433 年从非洲回家的途中，他是中国人的骄傲。 66. B【解析】细节理解题。根据 “He was a

36、 Ming dynasty explorer.”可知，说他是 Tang dynasty 是错误的。 67. A【解析】细节理解题。根据 “he led sever ocean journeys from 1405 to 1433.”可知正确。 68. B【解析】 推理计算题。根据“Zhang He was born in 1371.和 He died of illness on his way home from Africa in 1433.”1433-1371=62，可知错误。 69. A【解析】细节理解题。根据 “We Chinese people are proud of him.”

37、可知答案正确。 70. A【解析】推理判断题。根据郑和最后一次航海是 1433 年。哥伦布的第一次发现美洲大陆是 1492 年。 郑和早 59 年。原文说多半个世纪。故答案正确。 A（2018 新疆乌鲁木齐） 根据文章内容，判断文后句子的正确（T）与错误（F） 。 One day, little Roy was ill. So his mother took him to the clinic( 诊 所 ). A doctor examined him and said, “Well, boy, there is something wrong with you. Im afraid you

38、need to get injections( 输 液 ) twice a day. Then you will feel better soon. A nurse will give you the injection later.” Roy thought it would hurt so he was afraid. His mother wanted to comfort him, “Sweetie, dont be nervous. Im here. If youre brave, Ill take you to the zoo on weekends. I promise!” “G

39、reat! Mum, I love animals!” said Roy. Just then a young nurse came and said to him with a smile, “I am going to give you the injection now, Roy. Where do you want it? Left arm or right arm?” But Roy got scared again. He thought for a while and asked, “Nobody has let me choose that before. Must I cho

40、ose now?” “Yes, Roy,” the nurse replied, “Where do you want it?” “Well, ” Roy answered in a low voice, “I want it in your left arm, please.” 51. Roys mother took him to the clinic because of his illness. 52. The doctor told Roy he needed to get injections twice a day. 53. Roy thought the doctor woul

41、d hurt him so he was afraid. 54. His mother promised to take him to the zoo on weekdays. 55. Finally, the nurse gave the injection on her left arm. 体裁 记叙文 话题 人物故事 词数 181 【主旨大意】本文是一篇故事。小罗伊生病了，医生让护士给他打一针。当护士问他在他的哪个部位 注射的时候，罗伊的回答出人意料。 51. T 细节理解题。根据文中“One day, little Roy was ill. So his mother took him

42、 to the clinic( 诊 所 ).”可 知罗伊病了，妈妈带他去门诊看病。故该题叙述正确。 52. T 推理判断题。根据第一段医生说的话“Im afraid you need to get injections( 输 液 ) twice a day. ”可 知该题叙述正确。 53. F 推理判断题。 根据第一段“Roy thought it would hurt so he was afraid.”可知罗伊认为注射会疼，而不 是医生会伤害他。 54. F 细节理解题。根据第二段中“If youre brave, Ill take you to the zoo on weekends.

43、I promise! ”可知妈 妈答应他周末带他去动物园，而不是工作日去。故该项陈述错误。 55. F推理判断题。罗伊因为害怕选择让护士在她自己的胳膊上打一针，这种情况是不可能发生的。故 该项陈述错误。 D (2018 内蒙古呼和浩特) Sometimes，when you worry that you may fail an exam，you end up failingOr during a seating arrangement ( 安 排 ) in your class，when you are afraid to sit next to someone you don t like，

44、you end up sharing the desk with him or her This is what Murphy s Law tells us: If things can go wrong，they will go wrongBut is it true? Of the studies about Murphy s Law，the most famous one is the buttered toast (烤面包片) phenomenon (现 象): One toast with butter falls，it lands butter-side down most of

45、the time To prove this，Robert Matthews did a lot of experiments with more than 1,000 British school kids in 2001 In the first experiment，each student put a piece of buttered toast on a plate，let it fall off 20 times and noted which side it landed onOf almost 10,000 experiments，toast landed butter-si

46、de down 62 percent of the time But you may ask: Is it the butter that plays a role? Here comes Matthews second experiment. This time， instead of butter, the toast had a letter “B” written on one sideIt still landed 58 percent of the time on the B-side. This proved that Murphy s Law is true: If the t

47、oast can land butter-side down，it will do so. Matthews did another experiment When students threw the toast from a height of 2.5 metres， the toast landed butter-side down only 47 percent of the time. “Toast lands butter-side down because humans aren t tall enough to let it land any other way，” Matth

48、ews said 根据上文内容判断正 (T) 误(F) 51.According to Murphy s Law，in an English class，if you don t want to be questioned by the teacher，you may end up failing answering the questions 52.In the first experiment of buttered toast，we know the toast landed butter-side down about 620 times 53.If the toast can lan

49、d butter-side down，Murphy s Law is true 54.In the first two experiments，either the butter or the letter “B” plays a role 55.The passage is mainly talking about Murphy s Law depends on people s mental state(心理状态) 体裁 议论文 话题 理论实验 词数 307 【主旨大意】本文主要讲明了什么是墨菲法则，围绕墨菲法则是否真实有效而展开了三次实验，前两次实 验证明墨菲法则是对的，第三次实验因改变

50、了投掷高度而使结果有所变动。 51. F 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段内容及第二段的 This is what Murphys Law tells us: If things can go wrong, they will go wrong.可知墨菲法则认为任何可能出错的事终将出错。 越担心被老师提问到， 就越会被提 问到，而被提问到了回答不一定错误。故该题错误。 52. F 【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段内容，在第一次实验中，差不多一万次的掉落中，有 62%次抹了奶 油的一面着地，10000*62%=6200，即大约 6200 次。故此题错误。 53. T 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三