人教版八年级下册英语Unit 1知识点语法归纳总结.docx

1、1 Unit 1 Whats the matter? 1. 短语归纳短语归纳 have a cold/ fever/ stomachache 感冒、发烧、胃疼 lie down 躺下 too much 太多 get an X-ray 拍片 take ones temperature 量体温 sound like 听起来像 take breaks (take a break) 休息 go to a doctor 看医生 get off 下车 on the side of 在边上 11 have a heart problem 患心脏病 12 wait for 等待 13 to ones surp

2、rise 使惊讶的；出乎意料 14 thanks to 多亏；由于 15 in time 及时 16 think about 考虑，认为 17 right away 立刻，马上 18 get into trouble 陷入麻烦 19 fall down 摔倒 20 a few 几个，一些 21 have problems breathing 呼吸困难 22 get sunburned 晒伤 23 look up 查阅 24 be interested in 对感兴趣 25 be used to doing 习惯于做某事 26 take risks (take a risk) 冒险 27 los

3、e ones life 丧生 28 became of 因为 29 run out (of) 用尽，耗尽 30 be ready to do sth. 准备做某事 31 cut off 切除 32 climb down 爬下 33 get out of 离开；从出来 34 tell of 讲述 35 the importance of (doing sth.) （做某事的）重要性 36 be in control of 掌管，管理 37 make a decision 做决定 38 keep on doing sth. 坚持做某事 39 give up 放弃 40 cut/ hurt ones

4、elf 使自己受伤 2 2. 典句必背典句必背 Whats the matter? I have a stomachache. What should I do? Should I take my temperature? I think you should lie down and rest. If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow, then go to a doctor. His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even aft

5、er this experience. 3. 用法集萃用法集萃 (1) 当别人心情不好，身体不适或遇到麻烦时，我们可以用如下表达表示关心：当别人心情不好，身体不适或遇到麻烦时，我们可以用如下表达表示关心： Whats the matter? Whats the matter with you? Whats wrong with ? Whats the troubleproblem with ? (2) 英语中常用英语中常用 have 描述身体的不适，此时描述身体的不适，此时 have 意为意为“患有患有” ，常用结构：，常用结构： have a + 疾病疾病 例：have a cold 感冒；

6、have a fever 发烧；have a cough 咳嗽 have a + 身体部位身体部位-ache 例：have a headache 头痛；have a toothache 牙痛 have a sore + 身体部位身体部位 例：have a sore throat 咽喉痛；have a sore back 背痛 (3) lie down 躺下躺下；tell lies/a lie 说谎说谎 含义 过去式 过去分词 躺；平躺 lay lain 3 位于 撒谎；说谎 lied lied (4) maybe & may be maybe， “或许” ，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。例

7、：Maybe you are right. may be，是情态动词+be 的结构，意为“可能，也许” ，后加名词、代词或形容词。 例：He may be angry. (5) sound like & sound sound like+名词/代词/从句 例：It sounds like you dont know the truth. It sounds like a good idea. sound+形容词， “听起来，好像” ，例：The music sounds nice. (6) when the driver saw an old man lying on the side of

8、the road. 这时司机看到意为老人躺在路边。 see sb. doing sth. “看见某人正在做某事” ，强调看到的动作正在进行； see sb. do sth. “看见某人做了某事” ，强调看见动作的全过程或看见动作经常发生。 例：I can see some children playing games. 我能看见一些孩子在玩游戏。 I saw him repair his bike. 我看见他修了他的自行车。 (7) He expected most or all of the passengers to get off and wait for the next bus. 他

9、期望大多数或所有乘客下车等下一班公交车。 expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事 expect + that 从句 hope to do sth. 或 hope+ that 从句 get off 下（汽车、火车等） ；get on 上车；get up 起床，起来；get back 回来 get on/along 相处，进展；get into 陷入，开始参与；get to 到达 (8) But to his surprise, they all agreed to go with him. 但出乎他的意料，他们都同意与他一起去。 to ones surprise“使惊讶的；出

10、乎意料” ，通常放在句首，在句中可作独立的状语 4 例：To our surprise, she is the last winner. 使我们惊讶的是，她是最后的赢家。 surprising“令人惊讶的” ，常用来形容事/物。例：This is a surprising gift. surprised “感到惊讶的” ，常用来形容人。例：The gift makes me surprised. agree 同意，赞同；agree to do 同意做某事；agree with sb 同意某人的看法、观点 (9) Thanks to Mr. Wang and the passengers, th

11、e man was saved by the doctors in time. 多亏了王先生和乘客们，这个人及时得到了医生们的救治。 thanks to 幸亏，多亏了；由于的帮助=with the help of /with ones help/because of to 是介词，后接名词/代词或相当于名词/代词的词。 例：Thanks to your help, I can pass the exam. 多亏了你的帮助，我才通过考试。 in time 及时；on time 准时 例：Luckily, he got to the bus station in time. 幸运的是，他及时赶到了

12、公交车站. The plane takes off on time. 飞机准时起飞。 (10) “Its sad that many people dont want to help others because they dont want any trouble,” says one passenger. “因为不想惹麻烦，许多人不想帮助他人，这是令人寒心的。 ”一位乘客说。“因为不想惹麻烦，许多人不想帮助他人，这是令人寒心的。 ”一位乘客说。 because + 句子；because of 介词短语，后跟名词、代词或动名词 例：The sports meet was put off be

13、cause of the bad weather. 运动会因为糟糕的天气推迟了 trouble n.困难；麻烦（不可数名词） v.使苦恼，打扰 be in trouble 有困难；陷入困境 get into trouble 陷入困境 have trouble/difficulty/problems (in) doing sth.做某事有困难 have trouble/difficulty/problems with sth. 做某事有困难 have problems breathing 呼吸困难 例：I have trouble finishing my homework. / I have

14、trouble with my homework. 我完成家庭作业有困难。 (11) As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks.作为一名登山者，阿伦习惯了冒险。作为一名登山者，阿伦习惯了冒险。 5 be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 例：Im used to getting up early and having a walk. 我习惯于早起散步。 used to do sth. 过去常常做某事（但现在不再做） be used to do sth. 被用来做某事，相当于 be used for doing st

15、h. 例：Wood is used to make paper.= Wood is used for making paper. 木材被用来造纸。 (12) But when his water ran out, he know that he would have to do something to save his own life. 但当他的水 用尽时，他知道他将不得不做些事情来拯救自己的生命。 run out“用尽，耗尽” ，主语常是表示时间、金钱、食物等无生命的食物。 例：Money is running out. 钱快用光了。 run out of“用尽，耗尽” ，主语只能是人。

16、 例：Were running out of money. 我们快把钱用光了。 (13) So he used his knife to cut off half his right arm. 于是他用刀把右臂砍断了一半。于是他用刀把右臂砍断了一半。 cut off 切除； turn off 关闭，关掉；get off 下车；take off 起飞，脱掉 put off 推迟，拖延；give off 发出，散发；set off 出发 (14) and before we have to make a decision that could mean life or death. .在我们必须做

17、出可能意味着生或死的决定之前 make a decision 下决心，做决定；make a decision to do sth. 下决心做某事 die & dead & death die 动词， “死；去世；逝世” He died last year. 他去年去世了 dead 形容词， “死的；去世的” I cried because my dog was dead.我哭了，因为我的狗死了 death 名词， “死；死亡” She was sad for her grandfathers death.她因为爷爷去世难过 (15) Aron did not give up after the

18、 accident and keeps on climbing mountains today. 阿伦在事故后并没有放弃，现在继续登山。 give up 放弃 give up doing sth. 例：You mustnt give up studying English.你一定不能放弃学习英语。 keep on doing sth. 继续或坚持做某事 6 例：Keep on trying, and youll make greater progress. 继续努力，你就能取得更大的进步。 keep sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事 例：I keep them waiting a

19、t the gate. 我让他们一直在门口等候。 4. 语法语法聚焦聚焦 (1) 反身代词（见书本反身代词（见书本 P108） 反身代词使动作的发出者把动作反射回到自己的身上，因此反身代词与它所指代的名词或代词形成互 指关系，在人称、数上保持一致。反身代词可在句中作宾语、表语、同位语等。 反身代词用在某些固定短语当中。例： look after oneself / take care of oneself 照顾自己 teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself 自学 enjoy oneself 玩得高兴，过得愉快 help oneself to sth 请

20、自用.（随便吃/喝些） buy oneself sth. 给自己买东西 leave sb. by oneself 把某人单独留下 hurt oneself 摔伤自己 introduce oneself 介绍自己 say to oneself 自言自语 注意以下两点： 反身代词不能单独做主语，但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作用。 例：我自己能完成作业。 （）I myself can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself. （）Myself can finish my homework. 反身代词表示“某人自己” ，不能表示“某人

21、的东西” ，因为它没有所有格的形式。 7 表达“某人自己的（东西） ”时，须要用 ones own. 例：我用我自己的笔画画。 （）Im drawing with my own pens. （）Im drawing with myself pens. (2) 情态动词情态动词 should should “应该，应当” （情态动词，无人称和数的变化） ，后跟动词原形 例：He should lie down and rest.他应该躺下休息。 should 用于不同句式 肯定句 主语+should+动词原形+其它 You should listen to your parents. 否定句 主语+should not/shouldnt+动词原形+其它 You shouldnt go out yesterday. 一般疑问句 Should+主语+动词原形+其它？ Should I take my temperature first? 特殊疑问句（以为 what 例） What should+主语+动词原形？ What should I do