人教版八年级下册英语 Unit4知识点精讲.doc

1、1 Unit 4 Why dont you talk to your parents? 课时课时 1 Section A（1a-2d) 学习目标：学习目标： 一、学会描述人们日常生活中遇到的各种问题。 二、理解并运用 Why dont you.?及 should/ could 提出合理的建议。 （重点） 课堂导学：课堂导学： 1. Why dont you talk to your parents?你为什么不同你的父母谈一谈呢？你为什么不同你的父母谈一谈呢？ 句型句型 1：Why dont you do.? Why dont you do.? = Why not do.? 意为“ （你）为什么

2、不做.呢？”用来向对方提出建议 Why dont you try again? 即学即练一即学即练一 根据汉语意思完成句子根据汉语意思完成句子 为什么不躺下休息一下呢？ Why not lie down and rest for a while. 2. My parents dont allow me to hang out with my friends. 我的父母不允许我和我的朋友们我的父母不允许我和我的朋友们 闲逛。闲逛。 单词单词 1：allow 允许；准许允许；准许 allow 是动词，意为“允许；准许” ，侧重听从、不阻止，通常用于下列结构中： （1）allow sb. to do

3、 sth. (允许某人做某事） My mother didnt allow me to drive her cat. （2）be allowed to do sth. （被允许做某事） Passengers are not allowed to smoke on the bus. （3）allow doing sth. (允许做某事） They dont allow talking in public places. 短语短语 1：hang out 闲逛；闲荡闲逛；闲荡 hang out 为动词短语，意为“闲逛；闲荡” 。hang 作“绞死”讲时，其过去式和过去分词都 为 hanged; 作“

4、悬挂”讲时，其过去式和过去分词都为 hung。 I like hanging out with my friends when I am free. The murderer was caught and hanged. 拓展：hang out 还可表示”晾晒；挂出去”。 People hang flags out on the national holiday. 2 即学即练二即学即练二 单项选择单项选择 1（2014. 重庆中考）The little girl was crying because her mother didnt allow her C the ice-cream. A.

5、 eat B. eats C. to eat D. ate 2. Jenny B out with her friends the day before yesterday. A. hang B. hung C. hanged D. hangs 3. Well, I found my sister looking through my things yesterday. 嗯，昨天我发现我妹妹在翻嗯，昨天我发现我妹妹在翻 看我的东西。看我的东西。 短语短语 2：find sb. doing sth. 发现某人正在做某事发现某人正在做某事 find sb. doing sth. 意为“发现某人正在

6、做某事” ，强调动作正在进行。 I find a girl dancing under the tree. 短语短语 3：look through 浏览；翻看浏览；翻看 look through 为动副短语，意为“浏览；翻看” 。其后可接名词或代词作宾语。若接名词作 宾语，名词可放在 look 和 through 之间，也可放在 through 之后；若接代词作宾语，代词须 放在 look 和 through 的中间。 Mr. White spends half an hour looking through the newspaper. 即学即练三即学即练三 单项选择单项选择 1. When

7、 he arrived at the office, he found all the workers A . A. working B. work C. to work D. worked 2. Look B the passage first, and then read it carefully. A. up B. through C. down D. at 4. Hope things work out. 希望事情顺利解决。希望事情顺利解决。 短语短语 4：work out 成功地发展；产生结果；解决；算出成功地发展；产生结果；解决；算出 Work out 为动词词组，在此相当于一个不

8、及物动词，意为“成功地发展；产生结果” 。Work out 还可看作“动词+副词”结构的短语，相当于一个及物动词，意为“解决；算出” ，后接 名词或代词作宾语。 All the things worked out quite well. I dont know whether he will be able to work it out. 即学即练四即学即练四 根据汉语提示完成句子根据汉语提示完成句子 You can work out （算出）the answer by adding all the numbers. 3 课时课时 2 Section A（3a-4c) 学习目标：学习目标： 一

9、、继续巩固 Why dont you.? 及 should/ could 的用法。 （重点） 二、学会表达自己的烦恼，并会给别人提出建议。 课堂导学：课堂导学： 1. My problem is that I cant get on with my family. 我的问题是我不能和我的家人和睦相我的问题是我不能和我的家人和睦相 处。处。 短语短语 1：get on with.与与.相处相处 Get on with.意为“与.相处” ，相当于 get along with.。Get on well with sb. 表示“与某人 相处融洽”, get on badly with sb. 表示“

10、与某人相处不好/ 不融洽” 。 How do you get on with your new classmates? Mary is getting on well with her little cousin. 拓展：get on with. 还可表示 “.进展如何” 。 How does he get on with his English. 即学即练一即学即练一 单项选择单项选择 （2014. 甘肃兰州中考）Good manners can make people A each other. A. get on well with B. get off C. get over D. g

11、et away 2. Its the only communication they have. 那是他们有的唯一的交流。那是他们有的唯一的交流。 单词单词 1：communication 沟通沟通；交流；交流 Chatting online is a new kind of communication for young people. 拓展：communicate 为不及物动词，意为“交流；沟通” ，其过去式为 communicated。 Communicate with sb. 意为“与某人交流” 。 They communicate with each other by letters

12、. 即学即练二即学即练二 单项选择单项选择 Its important for the parents to communicate C their children. A. on B. to C. with D. about 3. When they argue, its like a big , black cloud hanging over our home. 当他们争吵时， 我们当他们争吵时， 我们 家上空就像笼罩着一大片乌云。家上空就像笼罩着一大片乌云。 单词单词 2：argue 争吵；争论争吵；争论 Argue 是不及物动词，意为“争吵，争论。常用短语有：argue with s

13、b. (sbout sth.) 意为 “ （因 某事）和某人争吵” ，argue about sth. 意为“因为某事而争论” 。 He often argues with his parents. 4 拓展： argument 为 argue 的名词形式， 意为 “争吵； 争论” 。 短语 have an argument with sb = argue with sb. 意为“和某人争吵” 。 You shouldnt have an argument with your teacher about the homework. 即学即练三即学即练三 一、一、单项选择单项选择 His par

14、ents are arguing A money. A. about B. with C. to D. of 二、二、根据汉语意思完成句子根据汉语意思完成句子 昨天蒂姆同他弟弟争吵了。 Tim argued with his brother yesterday. 4. He always refuses to let me watch my favorite TV show. 他总是拒绝让我看我最喜欢的电他总是拒绝让我看我最喜欢的电 视节目。视节目。 短语短语 2：refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事拒绝做某事 Refuse 意为“拒绝” ，后可接名词、代词或不定式作宾语。 She

15、refused his gift. You shouldnt refuse to help him with his English study. 即学即练四即学即练四 用所给词的适当形式填空用所给词的适当形式填空 Mr. Black was invited for a game of poker, but he refused to play (play). 5. Instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night. 而他看任何他想看的节目一直而他看任何他想看的节目一直 到深夜。到深夜。 单词单词 3：instead 代替；反而；

16、却代替；反而；却 Instead 作副词，意为“代替；反而；却” 。在句中独立作状语，放在句首或句尾均可。 If you are busy, you may come another day instead. She never studies. Instead, she plays tennis all day. 拓展：instead of 为介词短语，意为“代替；而不是.” ，用于句中，后常跟名词、代词或 动名词。 They use cotton instead of silk. 单词 4：whatever 无论什么；不管什么；任何（事物） 。 Whatever 意为“无论什么；不管什么；

17、任何（事物） ” ，相当于 no matter what, 可用于引导 让步状语从句。 Whatever happens, you mustnt lose heart. 即学即练五即学即练五 单项选择单项选择 5 How will she deal with the work? She doesnt want to do it by herself. She wants to ask someone else to do it B . A. yet B. instead C. too D. either 2. B David does, he is welcome. A. wherever B

18、. whichever C. however D. whatever 6. If your parents are having problems, you should offer to help.如果你父母（之间）有问题，如果你父母（之间）有问题， 你应该主动提供帮助。你应该主动提供帮助。 单词单词 5：offer 主动提出；自愿给予主动提出；自愿给予 offer 作动词，意为“主动提出；自愿给予”。常用短语 offer sb. sth. (=offer sth to sb)意为“（主 动地）给某人某物”，offer to do sth. “主动提出做某事”。 He offered the

19、 old man his own seat on the bus. He offered to lend me his bike. 即学即练六即学即练六 单项选择单项选择 The little girl B her umbrella to that old man. What a kind girl! A.brought B.offered C. sell D. borrowed 7. Maybe you could do more jobs around the house so that they have more time for proper communication.或许你可以在

20、家里多干些活，那样的话他们就有更多的时间来恰当地交流或许你可以在家里多干些活，那样的话他们就有更多的时间来恰当地交流 了。了。 短语短语 3：so that 以便；为了以便；为了 So that 意为“以便；为了”，在此引导目的状语从句。此时可与 In order that 互换；从句常含 有情态动词 may, might, can, could, should,would 等。 The little boy saved every coin so that he could buy his mother a present on Mothers Day. 即学即练七即学即练七 单项选择单项选

21、择 She learns English hard A she can communicate better with foreigners. A.so that B. as soon as C. no matter D. such that 课时课时 3 Section B（1a-2e) 学习目标：学习目标： 一、掌握 compete, continue 等及 cut out, compare.with.等重点词汇及短语的用法。 （重点） 二、能够谈论自己在生活和学习中的压力，并为缓解压力找到解决办法。 课堂导学：课堂导学： 6 1. I have to compete with my cl

22、assmates at school.在学校里我得和我的同学们竞争。在学校里我得和我的同学们竞争。 单词单词 1 1：compete 竞争；对抗竞争；对抗 Compete with.意为“和.竞争/ 对抗” 。 We cant compete with them on price. 即学即练一即学即练一 单项选择单项选择 We cant C with other countries in trade if we dont develop our national economy. A. attack B. bargain C. compete D. replace 2. Maybe I cou

23、ld cut a few of their activities, but I believe these activities are important for my childrens future. 或许我们可以删去一些他们的活动，但是或许我们可以删去一些他们的活动，但是我相信这些活动对我的孩子我相信这些活动对我的孩子 们的未来很重要。们的未来很重要。 短语短语 1：删除；删去删除；删去 Cut out 是动副词组，后接名词作宾语时，名词可放在是动副词组，后接名词作宾语时，名词可放在 cut 和和 out 中间，也可以放在中间，也可以放在 out 之之 后；后接代词作宾语时，代词要放在

24、后；后接代词作宾语时，代词要放在 cut 和和 out 中间。中间。 Youd better cut out the last two paragraphs of your article. 提示：cut out 还可表示“剪下；切断；停止” 。 He cut out the picture from the newspaper. 即学即练二即学即练二 根据汉语意思完成根据汉语意思完成句子句子 如果你认为带的物品太多，请去掉一部分。 If you think you take too many things, please cut some out . 3. However, the tire

25、d children dont get home until after 7:00 p.m. 然而，这些疲惫的孩子们然而，这些疲惫的孩子们 直到下午直到下午 7 点钟后才到家。点钟后才到家。 句型句型 1：not.until. 直到直到.才才. not.until. 直到.才. 引导时间状语从句， 表示主句谓语的动作直到 until 状语所表示的 时间才发生，主句的谓语动词常用非持续性动词。主句是一般将来时态，until 引导的时间 状语从句用一般现在时。 He didnt go home until he finished his work. I wont believe it until

26、I see it with my own eyes. 拓展：until 用于肯定句时，意为“直到” ，且主句的动词必须是持续性动词。 He waits until the children fall asleep. 即学即练三即学即练三 单项选择单项选择 Many students didnt realize the importance of study B they left school. 7 A. when B. until C. as D. after 4. “In some families, competition starts very young and continues

27、until the kids get older”, she says. 她说：她说： “在一些家庭中，竞争从孩子们很小时就开始了并且一直持续到他们长大“在一些家庭中，竞争从孩子们很小时就开始了并且一直持续到他们长大 些” 。些” 。 单词：单词：continue 持续；继续持续；继续 continue with sth. 意为 “继续某事” ， continue doing sth.=continue to do sth.意为 “继续做某事” 。 After lunch, my mother continues with her housework. Although it was dark

28、, they continued working in the field. 即学即学即练四即练四 一、一、单项选择单项选择 Are you going to continue C this project ? A. to B. about C. with D. of 二、二、用所给词的适当形式填空用所给词的适当形式填空 After dinner, they continued dissing/ to discuss (discuss) the problems. 5. And they are always comparing them with other children. 并且他们总是

29、把他们和其并且他们总是把他们和其他孩他孩 子作比较。子作比较。 短语短语 2：compare.with. 把把.和和.作比较作比较 He often compares art with sports. 拓展：compare.to. 意为“把.比作.” 。 They compare the children to the sun. 即学即练五即学即练五 单项选择单项选择 My handwriting cant be compared B my friends. A. to B. with C. on D.for 6. Doctors say too much pressure is not go

30、od for a childs development. 医生说太多的压力对孩 子的发展不利。 短语短语 3: be good for.对对.有好处；对有好处；对.有益有益。反义短语为。反义短语为 be bad for.（对（对.有害）有害） Eating more fruit is good for your health. 归纳：good 的常用搭配 be good to 对.友好（反义短语 be bad to.对.不好） be good at 擅长；在.方面做得好（反义短语 be bad at.在.做得不好） 即学即练六即学即练六 根据汉语意思完成句子根据汉语意思完成句子 饭前洗手对我们

31、的健康有好处 8 课时课时 4 Section B (3a) Self-Check 学习目标：学习目标： 一、继续巩固提建议的表达，并能对别人的建议作出评价。 （重点） 二、重点培养学生的阅读与写作能力。 课堂导学：课堂导学： 1. Although some parents are right about.虽然一些父母关于虽然一些父母关于.（的意见）是对的。（的意见）是对的。 单词单词 1：although 虽然；尽管虽然；尽管。 although 作连词，意为“虽然；尽管” ，用于引导让步状语从句。Although 通常可与 though 互换使用，两者均不能与 but 连用，但可以和 y

32、et, still 等词连用。 Although the book was old, we still decided to buy it. 即学即练一即学即练一 Frank lives a simple life he has lots of money. A.although B. because C. So D. if 2.2. You could tell him to turn down the TV. 你可以告诉他把电视声音关小。你可以告诉他把电视声音关小。 短语短语 1 1：tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事告诉某人做某事 tell sb. to do sth

33、.表示“表示“诉某人做某事” ，否定形式诉某人做某事” ，否定形式 tell sb. not to do sth. 意为“告诉某人不要意为“告诉某人不要 做某事” 。有关做某事” 。有关 tell 的其他常见短语的其他常见短语:tell sb. about sth. 意为“告诉某人关于某事” 。意为“告诉某人关于某事” 。 Our teachers always tell us not to smoke. He told me about the news. 即学即练二即学即练二 Our teacher always tell us C in the river. Its dangerous. A.dont swim B. not swim C. not to swim D. not swimming