外研版八年级下册英语知识点、短语及范文 Module 3-module 10..docx

1、最新外研版八年级英语下册知识点、短语及范文最新外研版八年级英语下册知识点、短语及范文 Module 3-module 10. Module 3 1.no problem 没问题 2.the lastest news 最新的消息 3.in order to 为了 4.search for 寻找，搜索 5.hunderds of 成百的 6. a small part of 一小部分 7.none ,既可指人，又可指物,用于三者或三者以上，常用于回答以 how many /how much ,none of 没有一个， no one 只指人.不与 of 连 用.用于回答 who 开头的问句. 7.

2、 8.take a photo of =take photos of =take pictures of =take a pictures 9.so,与 such 的用法: 1)当修饰可数名词单数时,用”such+a/an+形容词+名词.”或”so +形容 词+a/an+名词.” 2)当这些可数名词或不可数名词前有 many ,much ,few ,little(表示少) 修饰时,则用 so . 如:so many people ,so much money 10.in space 在太空中, in the sky 在天空中. e back 回来 12.look for 寻找 13.as .a

3、s 像.一样 14.decide to do sth .决定做某事 15.be named after 以. 名字命名 16.take after 与相像. 17.be up to 正在做某事,忙于做某事 What are you up to ?=What are you doing ? 18.be up to sb. 由.决定,由负责 19.yet 副词,还,尚,用于否定和疑问句句末;already ,已经,常用于肯定 句中或句末. 20.Thats why,这就是.的原因 ,后接结果.Thats because ,后接原因 21.on the news 在新闻上 22.on a newsp

4、aper 表示(某物)在报 纸上 23.in a newspaper 在报纸里(的内容). 24.discover 指发现原来已有但不为人知的事物;invent ,发明,即创造 出前所未有的东西 find out 查出真相,原理等 ,也可用于查看地时刻表等 ;find ,找到,发 现,指寻找的结果 look for 寻找 ,侧重指寻找的动作和过程. 25.the noon 月亮,the +世界上独一无二的事物名词. 26,in order to 为了,表示目的, 27.message ,口头传递的或书写的消息,可数名词, news ,通过新闻媒 体发布的消息,不可数, information,

5、指在阅读,谈话中特别关注的消息, 情报,资料等,不可数. 28.hundred,thousand,million,billion 只有和 of 一起时,才加 s,跟了数 字,不加 s. 30.none 代词,没有一个,没有一人,一点儿也没有.通常 用于三者或三 者以上,既可指人也可指物,可与 of 连用,可回答 how many ; no one 只能指人,不能与 of 连用.,可回答 who . 31.三到达:get to =arrive in (大地方)/at (小地方)=reach 跟地点副词时 不用介词,不用 reach 32.take a photo of sb. 给某人照相,而且是

6、给他本人照相;take a photo for 为某人照相,不一定有他本人. 33.enough 修饰名词 放在前,修饰形容词和副词放在后. 34.alone 作表语,独自一方,个体单独 lonely 作表语或定语,心里孤 单,寂寞. municate with sb. 和某人交流 话题写作话题写作： 随着时代的进步、 科技的发展，人们的生活发生了日新月异的变 化。 未来的生活将会是什么样子的呢？谁都无法预料。 请发挥想象， 谈一谈未来的日子里，将有哪些不可思议的变化。如：很多事情由 机器人或计算机完成、在家购物、足不出户旅行请以“The life we cant imagine”为题写一篇短

7、文。 The life we cant imagine What do you think of the life in the future will be like? In the future there will be more computers in our houses. Computers will help us to know a lot about the world. We will be able to talk by e-mail. Scientists will make many robots. Robots can help us do the cleanin

8、g, cooking and washing. We can do some shopping or see a doctor without going out of our houses. The life in the future will be very good. For this, we will study hard and turn our ideas into reality. I believe we will be able to do this. Module 4 语法语法： since 和 for 的用法, for 后跟一段时间, since 后跟过去的时刻 或过去

9、时的句子, 用since 和for 表示现在完成时,动词只能用延续性动词,不能用终止 性动词. Come-be there, arrive in(at)/reach/get to /come to be in/be at , go out be out , leave be away(from) beginbe on stop be over buy have borrowkeep openbe open closebe closed join-be a member of die-be dead catch a cold have a cold get to know know become

10、 a tacherbe a teacher fall asleepbe asleep , get married /marry be married ,fall ill be ill. go to bed be in bed returnbe back receivehave go to sleep sleep 知识点知识点：1.sick 可作表语,也可作定语,修饰名词. ill 只作表语 2.get a stomachache 胃痛 toothache (牙疼) headache(头疼) 用 get/have a 3 catch a cold 感冒(终止性动词) have a cold 感冒

11、(延续性动词) 4.take sbs temperature 量某人的体温 5.do exercise 锻炼 6.be harmful to 对.有害 相当于 do harm to 反义短语,be good for ,对有好处 7.first second next ,finally 首先,其次然后 ,最后. 8.take the medicine 吃药 9.three times a day 一天三次 ,一 次,once ,两次 twice 10. once a week: 一周一次 twice a year:一年两次 这些表示频 率的，对其提问用 how often. 11.by 使用某种

12、方式,方法或交通工具,后接名词,代词,或动名词 With 使用某种工具或身体某个部位,后接名词或代词 In 使用语言,语调,笔墨或颜色,后接名词或代词. 12.take a walk 散步, take a +名词=have a +名词 take/have a look 看一看 take /have a swim 游泳 take /have a rest 休息一下 take /have a cup of tea 喝杯茶. 13. take part in 参加会议或群众性活动等, 可以与 join in 互换 Join 加入某人团体或,成为其成员之一. 14.in the last few ye

13、ars 在过去的一段时间里, 相当于 in the past +一 段时间 15.go for +名词,去进行某项活动 go for a run 去跑步 go for a picnic 去野餐 go for a ride 去骑马,去乘车 go for a trip 去旅行. 16.表示建议的句型:1）Why dont you=why not ? 2）What about ./how about .怎么样？ 3）Would you like 你想吗? 4）Lets 让我们吧! 5）Wed better . 我们最好. 17.in hospital 住院,强调事情,说明生病了 18.in /at

14、the /a hospital 在医院里,强调地点 19.take care of =look after 照顾,照看 . take care =look out =be careful 小心. 20.go +doing 表示去做某事。 go swimming 去游泳 go boating 去 划船 go fishing 去钓鱼 go skating 去滑冰 go shopping 去购物 21.set up 创建；设立；开办 22.all over 浑身到处 23.feel awful 感到不舒服 24. sleepy adj. 欲睡的、想睡的 I often feel sleepy in

15、class. asleep adj. 睡着的、睡熟的 fall asleep:入睡、睡着 I felt sleepy and fell asleep soon. 25.from time to time 偶尔，有时 26.on the way 在途中，在路上 27.all ones life 一辈子， 28.tooto 太而不能 话题写作话题写作： How to keep healthy It is important to keep healthy .But how to keep healthy? Heres some advice. First we should have a heal

16、thy diet .We should eat more vegetables and fruit. We should have breakfast everyday and eat less fast food. Second, we should do more exercise. Such as swimming, running and walking. Third ,we should have good habits. we should get up on time and go to bed on time. At last we should have a enough s

17、leep. If we can do like this. we will have a healthy body. Module 5. 语法语法：一般现在时，一般过去时，现在完成时的区别： 一般现在时：标志词：always ,usually, often, sometimes , never, every day, on Sundays ,in the morning /afternoon,/evening,等。动词 表现形式：be am is are, 动词原形, 动词+es/s。 一 般 过 去 时 ： 标 志 词 ： yesterday, the day before yesterda

18、y, last, ago, just now ,in 2002 等 ， 动词表现形式： be-was/were V+ed, 不规则动词过去式 现在完成时：just ,already, ever ,never, yet 等， since .+过去的时间， for+一段时间 动词表现形式：have/has+过去分词。 . 知识点知识点 1.in a happy way 以快乐的方式 2.the same as 和 一样 3.climb up 爬上，攀登 4. cant help doing sht . 忍不住做某事 cant wait to do sth. 迫不及 待做某事 5.Its time

19、to do sth .到做某事的时间了。 Its time for +名词. 6.beat 宾语是比赛的对手， win 宾主是表示比赛、战争、资金、 名次等。 7.win the heart of sb.赢得某人的心 8.make a mess 弄得乱七八 糟 9.ever since 从那时起（一直到现在） 10.more than 超过，多于 11.as well as 也；和一样。 13.lead to 导致；造成 14.lead sb. to do sth .引导某人做某事 15.lead a .life 过着生活。16.be good at be well in 擅长 17.deci

20、de on 决定；选定 18.at first 起初，开始 19.mind doing sth.介意做某事 类似短语：finish doing sth . practice doing sth . ,be busy doing , suggest doing sth . enjoy doing sth . miss doing sth . look forward to doing. 20 Would you mind doing sht ? 回答：不介意：not at all/Certainly not /Of course not , 表示介意，Im sorry ,but I do. 21

21、.across 指从表面横穿 through 从内部通过。 22.keep doing sth 坚持做某事， 一直做某事 23.keep sb. from doing sth .使某人不做某事 24.keep sb. doing sth.让某人一直做某事 25.help oneself 自便， 随 便 26.both of 两者都 all 表示三个或三个以上 27.expect to do sht .期待做某事 28.最后：finally =at last =in the end 29.ones own 某人自己的 on ones own =by oneself =alone 独自地 30.a

22、s well,也， 相当于 too,前无逗号 as well as 放句中，动词与前 面的主语一致 31.be popular with sb. 受某人欢迎 be popular in.在有名望 be popular 因受欢迎 32.handsome 英俊的，主指男子相貌等 beautiful 美丽的，指女子 的美，也可指物。 good-looking 好看的，主要用于人，不用于物 pretty,漂亮的，常用 于女性，小孩或事物， 33.protect sb. from sth .保护免受的伤害 stop .from /keep .from 阻止去做。 34.the number of 的数量

23、，后接名词复数，动词用三单，常用 large 或 small 作表语 a number of 大量，许多相当于 many 后接名词复数，动词也用复 数 35.with the help of,/with ones help 在某人的帮助 36.in the future 将来，未来 37.ask sb .for sth .向某人要某物 38.next to 邻近 40.tell a story 讲故事 话题写作话题写作：假设你是玲玲，你的美国笔友 Jane 在写给你的信中，介 绍了美国卡通人物的情况，请你根据以下提示给她回复一封信。 提示：1. 美国的一些卡通人物也为许多中国孩子所喜欢，如唐老

24、鸭 （Donald Duck） 、米老鼠（Mickey Mouse） 、猫和老鼠。 2.你最喜欢机智勇敢的猴王（Monkey King）与哪吒（Nezha）, 要求：80 词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数） 。 Dear Jane, Thank you for telling me so much about cartoon characters from America. We like Some of the characters . Such as, Donald Duck, Mickey Mouse, Tom and Jerry. They are famous in China. C

25、hina has also many cartoon heroes. All of them I like Monkey King and Nezha best because they are brave and clever. They can beat all the bad people. I believe you will fall in love with them if you see them one day. Yours, Lingling Module 6 语法语法：英语基本简单句 1.主+系+表语（S+V+P） My father is a teacher. 2.主语+

26、谓语（不及物动词） （S+V） We work hard at English . 3.主语+谓语 （及物动词） +宾语 （S+V+O） He enjoys music very much. 4.主语+谓语（及物动词）+间接宾语+直接宾语（S+V+IO+DO） She cooked us a delicious dinner. 5.主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语+宾语补足语（S+V+O+C） I often hear her sing in the next room. 6.There be +主语 There is a bird in the tree. 知识点知识点：1.a bit of 有

27、点儿，一些，修饰不可数名词. bit of ,有点儿， 一些，后接形容词，同义短语：a little 2.as.as和一样。 3.some others 一些另一些 4.make sb .do sht .使某人做某事 类似：have sb. do sth ./let sb.do sht . 5.grow up 成长，长大 6.show /have interest in 对表现出、有兴趣，后接名词，代词或 动名词。 7. encourage sb. to do sth .鼓励某人做某事 e out 出版， 发表， 9. success n. 成就、成功 Failure is the mothe

28、r success. 失败乃成 功之母。 successful adj. 成功的 successfully adv. 成功地 succeed v. 成功 He finished the work successfully. He is a successful writer. 10.as a result 结果， 因此， 相当于so ,常先交代原因， 然后用as a result 引出结果。 11.be interested in 对感兴趣 14.all the time 一直，总是 12. it is +adj. for sb. to do sth ./It is adj .of sb. t

29、o do sth . It 形式主 语、 13.run out of 用完，耗尽，主语通常是人，of 后跟时间，精力，钱 或物的名词， 相当于 use up 14.look forward to doing sht . 盼望做 某事。 15.be used to doing sht . 习惯于做某事 16.tidy up 收拾，整理 17.take up 占据 take off 起飞，脱下； take out 拿出； take away 拿走 take photos 拍照 ；take part in 参加 18.show sb. sht =show sth to sb . 给某人看某物 19.

30、remember doing sht .记得已做过某事（已做完） ， remember to do sht .记得要做某事（未做） Forget doing sht .忘记已做过某事， forget to do sht .忘记要做某 事 20.look aftertake care of 照顾，照看 ；look at 看，look for 寻 找 ；look up 查字典 Look over 检查 ；look forward to doing sht .期望做某事 21.pleasure : Its a pleasure /My pleasure .(不用谢，不客气)， with pleasu

31、re 很乐意。 22.see sb do sht .看见某人做过某事，（已过， 或经常做） see sb. doing sth .看见某人正在做某事 类似的词有：watch ,listen to ,hear ,notice . 23.enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 24.have to do sht .必须做 某事 25.in ones free time 在某人的业余时间 26.write to 写信给 28.get ready for 为做准备 29.find out 查明，找出，发现 30.not only but also 不仅而且 话题写作：话题写作： My hobby

32、Different people, different hobbies. What hobbies do you have? I enjoy reading books very much, because there are lots of interesting th ings in them. Two years ago, I didnt like reading very much. I had plent y of time, but I spent lots of time on playing computers games. When I was very young, I d

33、idnt think reading book was interesti ng, because I found nothing more interesting than the computer games. But Ive changed now. I like r eading books because there are a lot of useful things in books.I can learn a lot of knowledge from books. Books can also teach me how to be a good person. my hobb

34、y 英语作文范文 2 Everyone has his own hobby, I like collecting many things, such as books, toy cars and so on. But I like collecting stamps best. I have been collecting stamps for five years. When I was very young, my uncle sent me a stamp from Australia . I loved it at once. Since then I tried to collect

35、 stamps and fell in love wi th it. I have more than one hundred stamps. Some were from foreign cou ntries, some were Chinese. I like stamps because they are very beautiful and very interesting. Ever y stamp is a wonderful picture and from it you can learn a lot. Module 7. 并列复合句：并列关系，选择关系 ，转折关系 知识点知识

36、点：1.make a list 列清单 2.be crazy about 狂热于 3.at the end of 在的结尾，在的末端 in the end =at last =finally 最后 4.a pair of 一双，一副。a pair of pants /trousers /glasses /shorts /shoes/socks /chopsticks/gloves 5.had better do sth.最好做某事， had better not do sht. 最好不做某 事 6.put on weight 长胖，增肥 lose weight 减肥 take ones wei

37、ght 量 体重；lift weights 举重 7.by the way 顺便说一下，附带说一下 8.on ones way to 在某人 去的路上 in a way 某种程度上 in this way 用这种方式 give way to 让 路 9.in the way ，挡在路上，挡道 10.offer sb.sth=offer sth.to sb . 向某人提供某物， 11.offer to do sht .主动提出做某事。 12.at the same time 同时 13.at the beginning of 在的起初。 14.depend on 决定于， 视而定 15.prov

38、ide sth .for sb .provide sb with sth .提供某物给某人， 16.make progress 取得进步 progress 前用 great ,good ,much ,some 修饰 17.form close friendships with sb . 和某人建立亲密友谊 18. keep in touch with sb =stay in touch with sb 与某人保持联系 19.prefer 更喜爱；钟爱，相当于 like better 过去式和过去分词为 preferred,现在分词 preferring Prefer sth to sth 喜欢

39、胜过。 Prefer doing sth to doing sth 喜 欢做某事胜过 21.fill out the form 填表格，相当于 fill in the form ,fillwith.用 把装满 （强调动作） be filled withbe full of 充满、装满（强调状态） 23.sometimes 有时 some times 几次，几倍 sometime 某时 some time 一段时间 24.prefare for 对做准备 25.too much 太多 27.how long 多久，多长时间，多长，对一段时间或物体长度提问。 回答 how long 用 for+一

40、段时间或 since +过去时间 how many times 多少次 常对次数进行提问 How soon ,多久，常 对 in +一段时间提问 How often 多久 一次，对频率进行提问 How many /much 多少，对可数、不可数提问 How far 多远， 对距离提问 28 go ,come, leave ,start ,arrive ,return ,fly 的现在进行时表将来时 29. else: 作后置定语 疑问词 / 不定代词 + else other: 作前置 定语 other + 名词复数 30.experience 经历，可数， 经验，不可数 31.表示时间、金钱

41、、价格、长度、学科的名词以 s 结尾等词作主语 时，被视为一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。 33.be certain to do sth.确定做某事 34.at least 至少，at most ,至 多，不超过 35.leave for 动身前往，for 后接到达的目的地。Leave for .离开某 地去另一地 话题写作话题写作：假如你是 Lilei 请给英国学生 Tom 介绍暑期中文学习班 Dear Tom , My name is Lilei . I m very happy to tell you about the summer Chinese courses. The cours

42、es last for four, six or eight weeks. Our teachers are well trained and have a lot of experience . They only teach four hours a day and then you can talk about with your friends in Chinese. As well as learning Chinese, we want you to experience life in China .you can stay as a guest with an Chinese

43、family and take part in their daily life . It can improve you Chinese. You can take part in some activities or take trips to Mount Jianglang,Xujiang Park. You are certain to get the best possible of Chinese learning and life in China. I hope that I will meet you soon. Y o u r s L i l e i Module 8 语法

44、语法：宾语从句是在动词、介词、动词不定式等后作宾语的句子。 引导词展示关：1.宾语从句是陈述句时，常用 that 引导，that 可以 省略；常接 that 引导的宾主从句的动词有： believe, expect ,explain, feel, hear, hope ,imagine ,prefer ,promise ,report ,say ,see ,tell ,think , Understand, warn ,wish 等。 2.特殊疑问句改为宾语从句时，由原来的连接代词、副词引导； 3.一般疑问句改成的，用连词 if 或 whether 引导，两者都有是否的 意思，通常可替换。不能

45、省略。 在下列情况下只能用 whether ,不能用 if 1)在带 to 的动词不定式前，She hasnt decided whether to go to the concert 2)在介词后面：Im thinking of whether we should go on a picnic 3)与 or not 连用:I cant say whether he will come or not on time 语序应用关：主语在前，谓语动词在后。 时态照应关：1.主句是祈使句或主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从 句不受影响，根据情况选用。 2.主句是过去时，从句也一定用过去的时间（一般过去时

46、、过去进 行时等） 3.从句是客观真理、自然现象等，任何时候都用一般现在时。 （以 Could you tell me .?/ would you tell me .?开头的不能用过去时 态。 ） 否定转移关：当主句的谓语动词是 think，believe，guess，suppose 等时，主句的主语是又是第一人称，人句表示的否定意义转移到主 句， （反问句遵循主是我人用他，主是他就用他。 ） 知识点知识点：1.weclcome to +地点 欢迎到某地，here, home , there ,不 要 to 2.so that 如此以致于常用来表示结果 3.so that 以 便，使得 4.h

47、ear sb. do sth .听见某 人做了某事 hear sb. doing sth .听见某 人正在做某事 5.hardly 几乎不，乎没，含有否定的意味， 与 almost not 同义 6.be famous for 因而闻名/著名 be famous as 以/作为而出 名后接身份,职业 7.point out 指出 point to 指向,指着,远距离 point at 强调近距 离 8. allow sb. to do sth .允许某人做某事 be allowed to do sth .被允许做 某事 9.at the top of 在的顶端 e on 赶快,打开, 11.w

48、aste time/money on sth.在上浪费时间/金钱 12.waste time/ money (in) doing sth 浪费时间/金钱做某事 13.promise to do sth .许诺/答应做某事 14.wake sb. up 唤醒某人 15.move about 四处走动, Move away 离开,搬走 15.pull down 拉 倒 pull out of 拔掉,抽出 16.the second largest 第二大,the+序 数词+最高级 17.do some sightseeing 观光 go sightseeing 去观光 18.be careful

49、当心 becareful of/about sth.小心某物 be careful to do sth .小心做某事 19.be popular with 受欢迎 20.time off 休假 22.take up 占去(时间或空间),开始从事 take away 拿走,拿开 take off 脱下,起飞 23.提出建议的句型有: 1)How/what about doing sth? 2)You should do sth. 3)Its a good idea to do sth. 4)Lets do sth . 5)Youd better do sth . 6)Shall we do? 7

50、)Will you please do sth.? 8)Would you like to do sth ? 24.without 没有,不,后接名词或动名词,表否定的意思 ,反义:with 25.make noise 制造噪音 26.walk down 沿着走,相当于 walk along 27.past 介词,通过,经过,go past /walk past 相当于动词:pass 话题写作话题写作： 假设你是张林，你的美国笔友 Bob 来信询问你的暑假计划，现 在请你写一封回信，告诉他你将在爷爷奶奶家度过这个假期。 注意：1.至少写出你将要做的三件事； 2.回信不少于 80 词，信的开头、