人教版初中英语8年级下册Unit10知识点清单+练习题（含答案）.docx

1、1 / 7 Unit 10 Ive had this bike for three years. 一、一、必背单词：必背单词： yard n 院子 sweet adj 甜蜜的；甜的；含糖的 memory n记忆；回忆 cent n 分；分币 toy n玩具 bear n熊 maker n生产者；制订者 scarf n围巾；披巾；头巾 soft adj 软的；柔软的 check vn 检查；审査 board n板；木板 junior adj 地位（或职位、级别） 低下的 clear v 清理；清除 bedroom n卧室 own v.拥有；有 railway n 铁路；铁道 part v.离开；

2、分开 certain adj 某种；某事；某人 honest adj 诚实的,老实的 while n一段时间；一会儿 truthful adj 诚实的；真实的 hometown n家乡；故乡 nowadays adv现今；现在；目前 search vn 搜索；搜查 among prep 在（其）中,.之一 crayon n 彩色铅笔 （或粉笔、 蜡笔） shame n羞耻：羞愧；惭愧 regard v 将认为；把视为；看待 count v 数数 century n百年；世纪 opposite prep 与相对； 在对面 adj 对面的；另一边的 especially adv尤其；特别；格外 c

3、hildhood n童年；幼年 consider v注视；仔细考虑 hold v 拥有；抓住 二、常考短语二、常考短语 how long 多久；多长时间 have a yard sale 举行庭院拍卖会 give away 捐赠；赠送 not anymore 不再 welcome to欢迎到 a bit 一点儿；稍微 board games 棋类游戏 check out 察看；观察 a bread maker 面包机 grow up 长大；成熟；成长 clear out 清理；丢掉 a lot of 许多 no longer 不再；不复 at first 首先；最初 for example 例

4、如 a train and railway set套火车和铁路轨道的玩具 as for 至于；关于 give up 放弃 to be honest 说实在的 on weekends 在周末 at least 至少 once or twice a year 一年一两次 millions of 数以百万计的 search for 寻找 according to 依据；按照 across from 在对面 in one s opinion 依某人看 in order to 为了 close to 几乎；接近 Itsadj（ for sb ） to do sth（对某人来说）做某 事是的。 want

5、to do sth想要做某事 love doing sth 喜欢做某事 decide to do sth 决定做某事 have been in地点名词 在某地待了多久 hope to do sth希望做某事 one ofthe形容词最高级十复数可数名词 最 的.之一 used to do sth过去常常做某事 need to do sth 需要做某事 2 / 7 三、三、重点句型重点句型： 1. -How long have you had that bike over there? -Ive had it for three years. 2. Because I ve had it sin

6、ce I was a baby. 3. As they get bigger, our house seems to get smaller. 4. We have decided to each sell five things that we no longer use 5. For example, he has owned a train and railway set since his fourth birthday and he played with it almost every week until he was about seven 6. It was such a h

7、appy childhood 四、四、重点语法：重点语法：现在完成时（）现在完成时（） 1 How long have you had that bike over there？那边的那辆自行车你买了多长时间了？ - Ive had it for three years我买了它三年了 2. Ive had them since I was a child.从我是个小孩子起，我就拥有它们了 3. Hes owned it since his fourth birthday.自从他的 4 岁生日起，他就拥有它了 以上句子的时态是含有 how long，for 与 since 等的现在完成时，此时现

8、在完成时有什么用法，句中的动词又有什 么特点呢？ 1现在完成时的用法用法 表示从过去某时开始持续到现在（包括“现在”在内包括“现在”在内）的动作或状态，可以和表示从过去某一时刻开始一直延续到 现在的一段时间的状语，如“for时间段” “ since时间点” “ since 引导的从句（一般过去时） ” “ since段时 间ago”等连用。 I have lived here for ten years我已经住在这儿 10 年了。 （从（从 10 年前开始，持续到现在还住在这儿）年前开始，持续到现在还住在这儿） I have lived here since2006.自从 2006 年以我就住

9、在这儿。 （从（从 2006 年开始，持续到现在还住在这儿）年开始，持续到现在还住在这儿） 注意：注意：for 与与 since 引导的时间状语可以进行相互引导的时间状语可以进行相互转换转换 My uncle has worked at this factory for five years. = My uncle has worked at this factory since five years ago 我的叔 我的叔 叔已经在这个厂作叔已经在这个厂作 5 年了年了 2句中动词的特点动词的特点 此种用法中表示持续性的动作或状态的动词必须是延续性动词（否定句除外否定句除外） 。 （1）这本

10、书我已经买了 3 年了。 Ive bought the book for three years. (X) Ive had the book for three years. () （2）你哥参军多长时间了？ How long has your brother joined the army? (X) How long has your brother been in the army/been a soldier? () 3延续性延续性动词与非延续性非延续性动词 延续性动词表示经过、经历；非延续性动词表示行为的结果，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。 Ive known him since th

11、en.我从那时起就认识他了。(表经历) He has finished the work.他已完成了那项工作。(表结果) (1)延续性动词与非延续性动词的用法延续性动词与非延续性动词的用法: 非延续性动词与短暂性时间时间(点点)连用。 He joined the League three years ago.他入团 3 年了。(他 3 年前入的团) 用“It is/ has been+时间段时间段+ since.”句型 It is/has been three years since I bought the book 我买了这本书 3 年了。(从我买这本书到现在 3 年了) 用相应的延续性动

12、词替换非延续性动词，句子用现在完成时，时间状语为“时间状语为“for+时间段”或时间段”或 “ since+时间点时间点 “ since 引导的从句引导的从句(过去时过去时)” “ since+一段时间一段时间+ago” The old man died 4 years ago. =The old man has been dead for 4 years.那位老人去世 4 年了。 I borrowed the book 5 days ago. =I have kept the book since 5 days ago 我借了这本书 5 天了。 (2)非延续性动词与延续性动词之间的转换 非延

13、续性动词转化为相应的延续性动词，用于现在完成时态。 borrow-keep buy- have catch a cold-have a cold put on wear get to know-know 非延续性动词转化为be+形容词/副词/介词/名词等” 。 bear-be born return-be back marry-be married begin/start-be on 3 / 7 go out- be out get to/arrive in(at)/reach-be (in/at) die-be dead open -be open leave-be away finish/

14、end/stop-be over fall ill-be ill get up-be up fall asleepbe asleep become-be join-be in/be a member of make friends- be friends come/go-be+相应的介词短语相应的介词短语 leave-be away come back-be back wake up-be awake 拓展：拓展：现在完成时现在完成时 时间标志词时间标志词 1. already、ever、 never、just, yet、still 2. recently, lately, so far, u

15、p to/till now 3.in the past/last three years/ 4. since1998， since+时间点时间点 5. for three years，for+一段时间一段时间 练习题：练习题： 1. She _this book for nearly three weeks A has borrowed B has lent C. has bought D has kept 2 （2014北京）He _in this factory for 20 years already. A. will work B works C has worked D is wor

16、king 3. More than ten years has passed _the CCTV event People Who Mowed China took place in 2002 A. when B. while C before D. since 4. The volunteers _a lot of help to the community for nearly ten years A. offered B. will offer C. are offering D. have offered 5. My aunt is a writer. She_ more than t

17、en books since 1980. A. writes B wrote C has written D will write 6.（2015河） Paula is pleased that she_ her lost watch A finds B found C, has found D, will find 五、知识点解析、拓展：五、知识点解析、拓展： 1. 辨析辨析： how long 多久;多长时间 常对时间段提问 常用“for+一段时间”或“ since.+时间点” “ since+时间 段+ago“ since 引导的时间状语从句”来回答 多长 对物体长度提问 用“数词+量词

18、”结构回答 how soon 多久以后 对“in 十时间段” 提问，常用于一般 将来时态的句子中 其答语常用“in+时间段” how often 多久一次 对频率提问 其答语常用“once( twice/.)+时间段” ， always， often 等频度副词(短语) how far 多远 对距离提问 其答语是表距离的内容 2.辨析：辨析： “不再，不复”“不再，不复” no longer(=not any longer) 表示时间上的不再延续，常修饰延续性动词 He no longer works in the factory 他不再在这家工厂工作了。 no more(not. anymo

19、re) 表示次数上的不再增加、常修饰非延续性动词 You can drink no more.你不能再喝了。 六、六、单元习题：单元习题： 1. （2015兰州）-_have you lived in Lanzhou? -Since my parents found jobs here. A How long B How far C How soon D. How old 1._learning a foreign language, the students who practice a lot can do much better. A Thanks to B. In front of C

20、. Across from D. As for 2. He is _a better way to solve the problem. A. seeing B. searching for C. finding D looking 3. Please help me _my old toys. I want to give them away because I have no room to store them. A. pick out B check out C take out D. clear out 4._,I know nothing about it. A. To hones

21、t B. To be honest C. To being honest D. To be honesty 5. -I dont know where to go this summer vacation. -Why not _visiting Huanggang? There are many places of 4 / 7 interest there. A. suggest B. wonder C. consider D regard 6. Mary is an _ girl. She lives with her grandmother. A. 8-years-old B. 8-yea

22、r-old C 8-years old D 8 years old 7 （哈尔滨中考） The city of Harbin is beautiful all the year around, _in winter. Ice lanterns decorate streets and attract plenty of tourists. A. especially B. general C probably 8. According_ Mr. Wang, well go on a trip this weekend. A. in B to C. at D. for 9. The basket

23、ball _I bought yesterday cost me 80 yuan. A when B that C. who D what 10. Look! Shes standing_ the ten children. A among B between C of D from 1. -_has the 2018 World Cup been on?-For about two weeks A. How soon B How far C. How long 2. Daming_ in this place since two years ago A have lived B has li

24、ved C lives 3. 改为同义句 We no longer used the old machine We didnt use the old machine _ _. 4. Today is July 5, 2018,its Chen Xiaos_ birthday A. thirty-one B thirty-first C the thirty-one D. the thirty-first 5. He is a（n）_ man. He never cheats others A honest B silly C. quiet D funny 6. They_the woods_

25、the little boy yesterday A looked: for B found:/ C searched./ D searched: for 7.根据所给的中文意思完成句子 每空一词 莲花湖公园被认为是达州最美的公园之一。 Lianhua Lake Park is_ one of the most beautiful parks in Dazhou 8. She was interested in sports，_volley ball. A specially B. especially C practically D usually 9.用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空 Ste

26、phen Hawking_(consider )to be the greatest scientist in history, along with Isaac Newton and Albert Einstein. 10.Sally， I heard youre going to America. _will you stay there? -Two whole years A. How soon B How often C. How long 11.-_is it from the Childrens Palace to Nanjing South Railway Station, To

27、m? -About 10 minutes ride by bus A. How soon B How long C How far D. How much 12.Millie_in this factory since 1990. A works B worked C has worked D have worked 13. -When will A bite of China begin tonight? -It_for ten minutes A will begin B has begun C will be on D has been on 14. 一 Are you watching

28、 the football matches of the World Cup these days? -Sometimes, and Ill watch the match_ Japan and Poland tonight A. against B about C through D between 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。 16几百万中国人离开乡下去城里找工作。 Millions of Chinese leave the countryside to _ _ work in cities. 17真惭愧，我已经三年没见父母了。Its _ _ that I havent seen my

29、 parents for 3 years. 18依据她的看法，一些事情从不会改变。_ _her，some things will never change. 19我的家乡已在我的心中留下了许多温馨的回忆。 My hometown has left many _ and _ _ in my heart. 20迈克的父母几乎五年没有回过家。Mikes parents havent been back home in _ _ five years. 七、汉译英：汉译英： 1.那些照片给人来很多美好的回忆。 2.蒂娜决定去海南度假。 5 / 7 3.说实话，她不是一个诚实的女孩 4.他正在找他的太阳镜

30、。 5.你不能留下来吃晚饭，真遗憾。 6.我把你当作我最好的朋友。 7.他把他们按年龄分成三组 8.他从未考虑过如何解决那个问题 9.你在北京工作多久了? 5 年了。 10.李先生多久以后回来? 一周以后。 11.你多久锻炼一次? 每天一次 12.从这里到你家有多远? 3000 米。 13.这条河有多长? 大约 500 千米。 八、书面表达：八、书面表达： 假如你是 Tina。你校学生会正在招聘新成员，你想应聘。请给学生会的 Mr.Wang 写一封申请信，根据图表内容 介绍你自己。 Name Tina Age 16 Good at Drawing, dancing ,English Hobbi

31、es Reading, collecting stamps More information the best student, like to help others _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 九、语法专练：现在完成时语法专练：现在完成时（鞍山（鞍山 6 年年 7 考）考） 一用所给词的正确形式填空。. 1. I_ already _ (see) the film. I _ (see) it last week. 2. _ he _ (finish) his work today? Not yet. 3. My father _ just _ (come) back from work.

32、He is tired now. 4. Wheres Li Ming ? He _ (go) to the teachers office. 5. I _ (work) here since I _ (move) here in 1999. 6. So far I _(make) quite a few friends here. 7. How long _ the Wangs _(stay) here ? For two weeks. 6 / 7 8. I _ just _ (finish) my homework. 9. He _ (go) to school on foot every

33、day. 10._ you _ (find) your science book yet? 11. If it _ (be) fine tomorrow, Ill go with you. 12. The students _ (read) English when the teacher came in. 13. Look! The monkey _ (climb) the tree. 14. My mother _ (come) to see me next Sunday. 15. Ive lost my pen. _ you _ (see) it anywhere? 单选 1. How

34、long have you _ here? A. come B. got C. arrived D. been 2. My grandpa died _. A. at the age of my 2 B. for 2 years C. when I was 2. D. my age was 6. 3. Jane has _ to BeiJing. She will come back tomorrow. A. been B. gone C. went D. never been 4. It is ten years _ I last saw her. A. after B. since C.

35、for D. that 5.-Who will go to the station to meet Lorry? -I will. I _ her several times. A. met B. have met C. had met D. will meet 6. -What a nice dress! How long _ you _ it? -Just 2 weeks. A. will, buy B. did, buy C. are, having D. have, had 7.-Do you know Lydia very well? -Yes, She and I _ friend

36、s since we were very young. A. have made B. have become C. have been D. have turned 8. The Smiths _ in China for 8 years. A. has lived B. lived C. have been D. live 9. -Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking. Can I speak to Mr. Black? - Sorry. He _ the Bainiao Park. A. has been to B. has gone to C. went

37、to D. will go to 10. -_ you ever _ to the US? - Yes, twice. A. Have, gone B. Have, been C, Do, go D. were, going 三.句型转换 1. I have been to Macau before. (改为否定句) I _ _ been to Macau before. 2. He hasnt come to school because he was ill. (就划线部分提问) _ _ he come to school? 3. I bough a new bike just now.

38、(用 just 改写) I _ just _ a new bike. 4. We began to learn English three years ago.(改为同义句) We _ _English _three years 5. He has never surfed, _ _? （改成反意疑问句） 6. They have been here since 2000. (对划线部分提问) _ _have they been here? 7. The old man _ last year. He has _ _for a year. (die) （动词填空） 8. Miss Gao le

39、ft an hour ago. (同义句转换) Miss Gao has _ _ _ an hour ago. 参考答案： 四、DCDDCC 六、1A 1-10DBDBC BABBA 1-5CB any longer BA 6-14D regarded as B is considered C CCDD 16-20 search for a shame According to soft sweet memories close to 七、七、汉译英：汉译英： 1. The photos brought back many pleasant memories 那些照片给人来很多美好的回忆。 7

40、 / 7 2. Tina decided to go to Hainan for her holidays. 蒂娜决定去海南度假。 3.To be honest, she is not an honest girl 说实话，她不是一个诚实的女孩 4. He is searching for his sunglasses.他正在找他的太阳镜。 5. Its a shame that you cant stay for dinner.你不能留下来吃晚饭，真遗憾。 6. I regard you as my best friend.我把你当作我最好的朋友。 7. He divided themsel

41、ves into three groups according to age 他把他们按年龄分成三组 8.He has never considered how to solve the problem.他从未考虑过如何解决那个问题 9. -How long have you worked in Beijing?你在北京工作多久了? - For five years.5 年了。 10.-How soon will Mr. Li come back?李先生多久以后回来? -In a week 一周以后。 11.-How often do you exercise?你多久锻炼一次? -Once a

42、 day.每天一次 12.-How far is it from here to your home?从这里到你家有多远? -Three kilometers.3000 米。 13.-How long is the river?这条河有多长? -About500 kilometers.大约 500 千米。 八、书面表达：八、书面表达： 假如你是 Tina。你校学生会正在招聘新成员，你想应聘。请给学生会的 Mr.Wang 写一封申请信，根据图表内容 介绍你自己。 Name Tina Age 16 Good at Drawing, dancing ,English Hobbies Reading,

43、 collecting stamps More information the best student, like to help others Dear Mr.Wang, I want to be a member of the Student Union very much. Im Tina from Class Nine, Grade Nine. Im 16 years old. Im good at drawing ,dancing and speaking English. I have been studying them for over five years. In my f

44、ree time I like doing some reading and I also like collecting stamps. I have collected more than five hundred Chinese and foreign stamps. I like to help old people. I often help my classmates with their schoolwork. I am one of the best students in my class. Im looking forward to the good news from y

45、ou. Thanks! Sincerely, Tina 九、一、1 have seen saw 2 has finished 3 has come 4 has gone 5 have worked moved 6 have made 7 have stayed 8 have finished 9 goes 10 have found 11 is 12 were reading 13 is climbing 14 will come 15 have seen 二、1-10DCBBB DCCBB 三、1 have not 2 Why hasnt 3 have just 4 have learnt for 5 has he 6 how long 7 died been dead 8 been away since