人教新目标八年级英语下册Unit 4知识点总结和同步练习（含答案）.docx

1、Unit 4 Why dont you talk to your parents? 【重点单词】【重点单词】 allow la v. 允许，准许 wrong r adj. 错误的 Whats wrong? 哪儿不舒服？ midnight m dna t n. 午夜，子夜 look through 浏览，快速查看 guess es v. 猜测，估计 deal di:l v. 处理，应付 big deal 重要的事 work out 成功地发展，解决 get on with 和睦相处，关系良好 relation r le n n. 关系，联系，交往 communicate k mju:nikeit

2、 v. 沟通,通信,通讯 communication k mju:n ke n n. 交流，沟通 argue :ju: v. 争论，争吵 cloud klad n. 云 elder eld(r) adj. 年级较长的 instead n sted adv. 代替 whatever wt evr pron. 任何,不管什么,无论什么 nervous n:vs adj. 紧张不安的 offer a:fr v. 提供，自愿给予 proper prp adj. 合适的，适当的 secondly sekndli adv. 第二，其次 explain k sple n v. 讲解，解释，说明 clear

3、kl adj. 清晰的，清楚易懂的 copy kpi v. 复制 return r t:n v. 回来，返回，归还 anymore en m: adv. 不再，再也不 member memb n. 成员，会员 pressure pre (r) n. 压力 compete kmpi:t v. 比赛，竞争 opinion p njn n. 意见，想法，看法 skill sk l n. 技能，技巧 typical t p kl adj. 典型的 football ftb:l n. 足球 cut out 删去，删除 quick kw k adj. 快的，迅速的 continue kn t nju: v

4、. 继续，连续 compare kmpe v. 比较 comparewith 比较，对比 crazy kre z adj. 疯狂的，狂热的 development di velpmnt n. 发育，成长，发展 cause k:z n. 解决 18. get on with 与.相处 19. fight a lot 经常吵架/打架 20. hang over 笼罩 21. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 22. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 23. so that 以便 24. mind sb. doing sth. 介意某人做某事 25. all the t

5、ime 一直 26. in future 今后 27. make sb. angry 使某人生气 28. worry about sth. 担心某事 29. copy one s homework 抄袭某人的作业 30. be oneself 做自己 31. family members 32. spend time alone 独自消磨时光 33. give sb. pressure 给某人施压 34. have a fight with sb. 与某人吵架 35. compete with sb. 与某人竞争 36. free time activities 业余活动 37. get be

6、tter grades 取得更好的成绩 38. give one s opinion 提出某人的观点 39. learn exam skills 学习应试技巧 40. practice sports 体育训练 41. cause stress 造成压力 42. cut out 删除 【重点句型】【重点句型】 1. I studied until midnight last night so I didnt get enough sleep. 我 昨晚学习到半夜所以睡眠不足。 2. Why dont you forget about it? 你为什么不忘掉它呢？ 3. Although shes

7、 wrong , it,s not a big deal. 虽然她错了,但这并不是 什么大事儿。 4. He should talk to his friend so that he can say hes sorry.他应该跟 朋友谈谈以便他能说声对不起。 5. Maybe you could go to his house. 也许你可以去他家。 6. I guess I could, but I dont want to surprise him. 我想我可以，但 我不想让他感到惊讶。 【基本知识】 1.Why dont you talk to your parents? 你为什么不和你打

8、父母谈谈呢？ 【解析】Why dont you do sth ?= Why not do sth? 为什么不.呢？ 【拓展】用于提建议的句型有： (1)What about doing sth ?=How about doing sth? .怎么样？ (2)Why dont you do sth?= Why not do sth? 为什么不呢？ (3)Lets do sth.让我们一起做某事吧。 (4)Shall we/I do sth?我们做好吗？ (5)had better do/not do sth 最好做/不做某事 (6) Will/Would you please do sth 请你

9、做好吗？ (7) Would you like to do sth? 你想去做某事吗？ (8)Would you mind doing sth？你介意做某事吗？ 2.I have to study too much so I dont get enough sleep. 我要学的太 多，因此我睡眠不足。 【解析 1】(1)too many + 复数名词 许多 too many people (2)too much +不可数名词 许多 too much homework (3)much too +形容词 太 much too cold 【拓展】allow v 允许 allow doing sth

10、 允许做某事 They dont allow smoking. allow sb. to do sth 允许某人做某事 My mother allows me to watch TV. be allowed to do sth 被允许做某事 3. Whats wrong? 怎么啦？ 【解析】Whats wrong( with sb./ sth) （某人/物） 怎么了？ 【解析】go to sleep 去睡觉 (强调“入睡，睡着”这一动作） 4. You look sad, Kim. 金，你看起来很伤心。 【解析】look 看起来 （系动词，后跟形容词作宾语） 【拓展】 ：系动词：后跟 adj.

11、 作表语 一是： （be） am /is /are be quiet=keep quiet 保持安静 二保持：stay/keep （表示持续状态） stay healthy=keep healthy 保持健 康 三变化：become/get/turn （表示状态变化） 五起来：sound/look/smell/taste/feel （表示感觉） ( )Jack usually gets _ when he speaks in public. A. happily B. exciting C. worried D. tired ( ) Toms father looks very _. But

12、he is very kind. A. seriously B. serious C. friendly You _ call him up. 你_ 给他打电话。 【解析】call up (v + adv) call on 拜访；号召 I call up my parents every Sunday. 5.Well, I found my sister looking through my things yesterday. 哦，昨 天我发现我妹妹翻了我的东西。 【解析 1】find sb. doing sth 发现某人正在做某事 Mr. Wang found Li Dong reading

13、 a storybook in the class. 类似动词：hear，watch, see, feel 【解析 2】look through 浏览 【拓展】与 look 相关的短语： look for look after=take care of look like look the same look over look through look out look up look around look forward to 6. Yes, but Im still angry with her. 是的，但是我仍然很生她的气。 【解析】be angry with sb. 生某人的气 【

14、拓展】angry adj. 生气的 angrily adv. 生气地 (1)be angry with sb. =be mad at sb. 对某人生气【with 后接人】 (2)be angry at/about sth 对某事感到生气 【at 后接事】 (3)be angry to do sth 做某事感到生气 7.Although shes wrong, Its not a big deal. 尽管她错了，但也不是什 么大错。 【解析 1】although= though 尽管 , 用来引导让步状语从句。 【注】though / although 不能与 but 连用 【拓展】altho

15、ugh/however 辨析 although conj， “虽然；即使；纵然” ，引导让步状语从句时放在主句前后都 可。 Although he is very old, yet he is quite strong.他虽然年纪大了，但身体 还很健壮。 however adv， 在句中作插入语， 起一个连词的作用， 一般用逗号与句子分开， 可以放在句首或句中，意为“然而，尽管如此” 。 Its raining hard, However, I think we should go out.雨下的很大。尽管 如此，我认为我们还应该出去。 【解析 2】Its not a big deal. 没什

16、么大不了；不是什么大事（常用于口语 中） You left your homework at home. 你把作业忘在家里了。 【解析】leave v 遗忘，留下 leave sth . somewhere 把某物忘在某地 leave sb. by oneself 把某人单独留下 8. Hope things work out. 希望事情顺利解决。 【解析 1】hope v 希望 hope to do sth I hope to visit Guilin. hope + that 从句 （表示希 望） I hope that youll be better soon wish v 希望 wis

17、h to do sth I wish to visit Guilin. wish sb.to do sth 希望某人做某事 I wish you to go. wish +that 从句 表示愿望，从句用虚拟语气 I wish I were you. 【解析 2】work out 解决；成功地发展，后跟 fine,well, badly 等词，表明产 生的结果如何。 work out 9.My problem is I cant get on with my favorite. 我的问题是我不能喝我 计算出（答案、数量、价格等） The math problem is too difficul

18、t for me to work out 制定出（计划等） I have worked out a new way of doing it. 解决；找出的答案 The government has many problems to work out. 的家人和睦相处。 【解析】get on with sb. 和某人和睦相处；和某人关系良好 =get along with get on well/ badly with 相处的好/坏 10.When they argue, its like a big, black cloud hanging over our home. 当他们争吵的时候，就像

19、有一大团乌云笼罩在我们家。 【解析 1】argue 争吵 argument n 争论 have an argument with sb.与某人辩论 argue with sb. 与某人争吵 argue with sb. about sth 为某事与某人争吵 argue about sth 争论某事 argue against 争辩；反对 He argued against the plan 【解析 2】 hang over 挂在.之上； 悬浮在.之上 hang out 闲逛；常去某处 He likes reading and he often hangs out in the bookshop

20、. hang on to 紧紧抓住 Youd better hang on to me in the crowd. hang up 挂电话；悬挂 After she finished her conversation 11.Also, my elder brother is not very nice to me. 【解析】elder adj.年纪较长的 His elder brother is ill. elder 用来表示兄弟姐妹及子女之间的长幼关系，常用作定语 older 泛指新旧、老幼或年龄的大小关系，可以用作表语，是 old 的比较 级形式。 【记】 My _brother is 7

21、 years older than my younger sister. 【解析 2】be nice to sb. 对某人友好 be friendly to sb. be good to sb. 12.He always refuses to let me watch my favorite TV show. 他总是拒绝让 我看我最喜欢的电视节目。 【解析】refuse =say no to v 拒绝 refuse to do sth 拒绝去做某事 The boy refused _(go) to see his father with us. ( ) He refused when I as

22、ked him for help. A. said yes B. said no C. said hello. 13.Instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night. 相反，他却想看什么酒看什么， 一直到深夜。 【解析 1】 instead 代替，反而，替 (1) instead 副词，代替，常放在句首或句尾,表示前面的事情没做，而做了 后面的事情。 Lee was ill so I went instead.李病了，所以我去了。 (2) instead of +n/doing 代替，而不是，放在句中 instead of 为介

23、词短语，后面一般接名词、代词、介词短语或动名词形式。 She wrote to him instead of calling him.=She didnt call him. She wrote to him instead. 她没有给他打电话，而是给他写了封信。 ( ) Health is very important to us. We should eat more vegetables and fruit _ rich food. A. instead B. instead of C. because of D. because 14.If your parents are havin

24、g problems, you should offer to help. 如果 你的父母有问题，你应该主动提供帮助。 【解析】 offer to do sth 主动提出做某事 【拓展】offer v 主动给予 (1) offer to do sth 主动提出做某事 (2)offer sb. sth= offer sth to sb. 主动提供给某人某物 ( )The little boy _ his seat to the old lady on the crowded bus. A. offered B. brought C. lent D. took 15.Secondly,why do

25、nt you sit down and communicate with your brother? 其次，你为什么不能坐下来和你的哥哥交流一下呢？ 【解析 1】secondly adv.第二；其次 【解析 2】 communicate v 交流 communication n 交流；沟通 communicate with sb. 和某人交流 They communicate with each other by QQ. ( ) They cant understand each other so they have difficulty in _. A. communicate B. com

26、municated C. communicating 16.You should explain that you dont mind him watching TV all the time. 你应该跟他解释说你并不介意他一直看电视。 【解析】explain 解释；说明 explanation n 解释；说明 explain sth to sb. 向某人解释某事。 explain to sb sth 给某人解释某事 17. Im worried about my school grades. 我很胆小我的学习成绩。 【解析】 be worried about sth. 担心某事 【拓展】wo

27、rry v 担心 worried adj. 焦急的 worry about = be worried about 为担心 18.My cousin borrows my things without returning them.我堂弟借我东西没 有还我。 【解析】return v 归还=give back return . to . = give back to . 把.还给. v 回来；返回 = come back 19.My parents give me a lot of presure about school.我父母在学习上给了 我很多压力。 【解析】press v 按；压 pre

28、ssure 压力 不可数名词 （物理学）压力 air pressure 气压 blood pressure 血压 不可数名词 还可指精神上、 外界施加的压力 = stress under pressure 在 压力下 20.I have to compete with my classmates at school.在学校我不得不和我的 同学们竞争。 【解析】compete v 竞争；对抗 competition n 竞争 compete with sb. 和某人竞争 compete against/ with 与竞争 compete for 为参加比赛 We are ready for th

29、e coming _(compete). 21.You should all be _ each other to improve. 你们都应该互相_ 而 全面发展。 【解析】improve =make . better 改进 improvement n 提高 22.Who gives their opinions about the problem? 对于这个问题都有谁提出 了他们自己的观点。 【解析】opinion n 意见；想法；看法 in ones opinion 以某人的观点； 在某人看来 give opinions about sth. 给出关于某事的观点。 23.These da

30、ys , Chinese children are sometimes busier on weekends than weekdays because they have to take so many after-school classes .目前， 中国的孩子有时周末比平常还要忙，因为他们不得不上那么多的课后辅导班。 【解析】some time /sometime/some times/sometimes 【口诀】 ：分开是一段， 合起是某时； 分开 s 是倍次，合起 s 是有时 (1) some time 一段时间，做时间状语 It takes sb. some time to do

31、 sth. 做 某事花费某人多长时间 (2) sometime adv 在某个时候， (3) some times 名词词组，“几次， 几倍” Mr. Green went to Sanya some times last summer. (4)sometimes=at times 有时 （一般现在时的标志词） 24. Others are practicing sports so that they can compete and win. 其 他人正在练习体育运动， 这样他们就能参与竞争并获胜。 【解析】 others pron. “其他的人或事物”There are other ways

32、 of doing it. 做这事还有其他的办法。 25.The Taylors are a typical American family.泰勒一家是一个典型的美国 之家。 【解析 1】The Taylors 泰勒一家 。 在姓氏的复数前加冠词 the 表示“全家 人或夫妻两人” ， 使用时注意主语和谓语保持一致。 The Blacks are getting ready 【解析】typical 典型的 be typical of “是的特点” 26. Maybe I could cut out a few of their activities, but I believe these a

33、ctivities are important for my childrens future. 或许我可以减少他们的一些活动， 但是我相信这些活动对孩子们的未来很重要。 【解析】 cut out 删除； 删去 (v+adv) You d better cut out that sentence. cut up 切碎 cut down 砍到 cut in 插队 cut off 切断（水、电） 供应 27. I really want them to be successful. 我真的很想他们成功。 【解析】 successful 成功的 【拓展】 succeed v 成功， 达到 succe

34、ss n 成 功 successful adj 成功的successfully adv 成功地 succeed in doing sth 28.Its time for homework.该写作业了。 【解析】 It s time for sth 是到做某事的时候了。 It s time for lunch. It s time to do sth Its time to go to school. ( ) Its 9:30 pm., children! _ is time to go to bed. A. That B. It C. This D. They In some families

35、, competition starts very young and continues until the kids get older. 在有些家庭，竞争从孩子们很小的时候就开始了，一直持续到他们长大。 【解析】continue 继续；持续 【拓展】continue doing sth =go on doing sth 继续做某事(前后做同一件事) continue to do sth = go on to do sth 继续做某事（前后不是同一 件事） Lets continue_(read) the text. Many students hope to continue _ (st

36、udy) after _(finish) school. （ ） The two teams continued _ the game after half an hour. A. play B. to play C. playing D. played 【拓展】continue，go on, last 辨析 continue v.继续，持续，指进程在时间或空间上的延续，强调持续不断，有 时也可以指短暂停止后继续进行。 He continue the work for two days.他连续两天都在做这项工作。 go on 指无间歇或有间歇地继续，或以某种特定方式继续。 go on to d

37、o sth 继续做某事，指开始做另外一件事； go on doing sth 继续做原来所做的事情。 After doing his homework, he went on to preview his lessons.做完家庭作 业之后，他继续去预习他的研究。 last v.持续，延续，维持，指某事物继续存在或某种现象在时间上延续，说 明某一动作要延续一段时间。 She wont last long in that job.那个工作她做不了多久。 29.Mothers send their small kids to all kinds of classes. 妈妈们把她们 的小孩子送去各

38、种各样的辅导班。 【解析 1】send sent sent v 发送 【短语】 ： send away 赶走 send for 派人去请 send off 寄出 send out 分发 send up 发射 send sb. sth = send sth to sb. 送给某人某物 【注】类似的动词有：show (展示； 给看) give (给) lend (借出) offer （提供） return （归还） tell （ 告诉） ( ) You fill in both parts of the form, then_.A. send up it B. send for it C. sen

39、d it away D. send it off ( ) Please send a photo of your family _ me. A. for B. at C. to D. with 【解析 2】all kinds of 各种各样的 【拓展】kind (1) n 种类 kind of +adj.有点，有几分，kind of cold 有点冷 a kind of 一种的，某 种的 all kinds of 各种各样的 different kinds of 不同种类的 What kind of?那种 (2) adj. 友好的 be kind to sb. = be good to sb.

40、=be friendly to sb. 对 某人友好 【辨析】kind of 与 kinds of: 1 kind of 单独用，表示“有点” ，后接形容词或副词： He is kind of thin.” 他有点瘦” I feel kind of hungry.”我有点饿” Uncle Wang speaks kind of quickly. 王叔叔说得有点快。 2 若 kind of 前有 a, this, that, what 等，译为“种，种类” 后加名词。 That kind of question is difficult to answer. 那类问题难回答。What kind

41、of sport do you like best? 你最喜欢何种运动？ ( ) This kind of skirt looks _ and sells _. A. nice ; well B. nice; good C. well; well D. good ;nice ( ) What _ animals do you like? Monkeys. I think they re _ clever. A. kind of; kind of B . a kind of ;a kind of C. kind of; a kind D. a kind of ; kind of ( ) Its

42、going to rain. Let me fetch an umbrella for you. Thank you ! You are so _. A. lucky B. kind C. relaxed D. Interesting 30.Kids should have time to relax and think for themselves, too. 孩子 们也应该有时间放松和独立思考。 【解析】have time to do sth 有时间做某事 ( ) Do you have time _ this game with us? A. to play B. play C. pla

43、ying D. played 31. And they are always comparing them with other children.她们总是把 自己的孩子和其他的孩子作比较。 【解析】compare A with B 将 A 和 B 比较 (1)comparewith 把与.做比较 (2) compareto 把.比做 ( ) . People often compare a teacher a candle. A. to B. into C. as D. with ( ) . Its necessary English Chinese in English study. A.

44、 compare ; to B. to compare ; with C. comparing ; to D. to compare; into 32. Doctors say too much pressure is not good for a childs development. 医生说太多的压力不利于孩子们的发展。 【解析 1】be good for 对.有好处 【拓展】good ( better ; best) adj. 好的 goodness n 好处；善行 ；美 德 be good for 对.有益处（反） be bad for 对有害处 be good at +n/doing

45、=do well in +n/doing 擅长于做某事 be good to sb. =be kind to =be friendly to sb.对某人友好 【记】The boy is good _me .He is good _English , and he tells me oral practice is good _improve spoken English. 33.Dr. Alice Green says all these activities can cause a lot of stress for children. 爱丽丝. 格林医生说所有的这些活动可能给孩子们带来很

46、多压力。 【解析】 cause v. 造成，使发生 (1) cause sb. to do sth 使某人做某事 (2) cause sb. for sb. 给某人添 麻烦 ( ) She always _ trouble _ people. A. cause; to B. cause ; for C. causing; to D. causing; for ( ) Every year driving after drinking wine _ a lot of traffic accidents. A. happens B. provides C. causes 【拓展】 cause, r

47、eason, excuse 辨析 cause n.原因，指引起某种结果的“原因” ，后接介词 of. The cause of the accident was the fact that he was driving too fast. 事故的原因是他开车开的太快。 reason n.理由，原因，指决定做某事或采取某项行动的理由。 The reason he was driving so fast was that he didnt want to miss an important meeting.他开车如此快的原因是他不想错过一个重要的会议。 excuse n.辩解，借口，指对某种行为所

48、做的解释，可以是真的，也可以是托 词。 He made a good excuse for his driving.他为自己开快车找了一个堂皇的借口。 ( ) What _ the flowers to die? A. made B. had C. caused D .get ( ) Do you often _ trouble _ your parents? A. get; into B. pay; for C. cause; for D. give; to 34. .In my opinion, it is important for children/ parents to . 我 认为

49、， 对于孩子们/父母来说， .是重要的。 【解析】in ones opinion 以某人的观点； 在某人看来 35. Perhaps children/ parents should / could .或许孩子们/父母应 该/ 可能. 【解析】perhaps 也许；可能 【拓展】perhaps，probably，possibly，maybe 辨析 perhaps 意为“也许，可能” ，一般指比较小的可能性。 Perhaps I will see him the day after tomorrow, but I am not sure.也许 我后天去看他，不过我不能确定。 probably“很可能，大概” ，其可能性最大，表示一种几乎完全肯定的意思。 He will probably refuse the offer.他很可能会拒绝这份提议。 possibly 意为“可能，或许，也许” ，可能性较大。 Ill see you today, or possibly tomorrow.我今天要