外研版七年级下册英语语法专题复习讲义：第10讲 一般过去时.docx

1、七年级下册语法专题七年级下册语法专题- 一般过去时一般过去时 课前练习课前练习 . 单项选择。单项选择。 1. My mother _ an important meeting last night. A. has B. have C. had D. will have 2. _ your sister _ her homework yesterday? No, she didnt. A. Does; does B. Did; do C. Did; did D. Is; did 3. Your sister _ her friend last Sunday. A. isnt visit B.

2、doesnt visit C. didnt visit D. wont visit 4. When _ you _ this article? I _ it last week. A. will; write; write B. do; write; wrote C. did; write; wrote D. did; write; write 5. Tommy is looking for the watch his uncle _ him last month. A. gives B. gave C. to give D. has given 6. When _ you _ the bik

3、e? Last month. A. have; bought B. had; bought C. do; buy D. did; buy 7. _ was your vacation? It was great. A. Where B. How C. What D. When 8. _ did they go last Friday evening? In the park. A. Which B. When C. What D. Where 9. When _ you come here? Two years ago. I have been here for two years. A. d

4、o B. will C. did D. have 10. Hi, Kate. You look tired. Whats the matter? I _ well last night. A. didnt sleep B. dont sleep C. havent slept D. wont sleep 11. I _ late for the class because I _ill yesterday. A. were; were B. am; were C. am; am D. was; was 12. There _ a film in the cinema last night. A

5、. is B. was C. were D. are 13. It _ cold yesterday, but it _ warm today. A. is; is B. was; was C. is; was D. was; is 14. There _ a ball and two books on the table just now. A. is B. was C. were D. are 15. Last Sunday my aunt _ at home with me. We were watching TV all day. A. was B. were C. is D. are

6、 答案：答案： . 单项选择。单项选择。 1. C。本句子的时间状语 last night 是表示过去的时间，所以用一般过去时，have/has 的过 去式是 had。 2. B。本句子是考查一般过去时的一般疑问句，用助动词 did 构成，在 did 的后面用动词 原形。 3. C。本句子是考查一般过去时的否定句，用助动词 didnt动词原形构成。 4. C。从对话后面回答和时间状语 last week 可以判断是一般过去时，在问句中用助动词 did动词原形构成。后面的回答用一般过去时。write 的过去式是 wrote。 5. B。 本题考查定语从句的时态， 从句意为“手表是叔叔上个月给的”

7、。 由 “last month” 可知用一般过去时，所以选 B. 6. D。根据答语的 last month，可知应该用一般过去时；一般过去时的特殊疑问句，助动 词应该用 did，后面接动词原形，所以答案为 D。 7. B。根据答语可知，问句应该问“你的假期怎么样？” ，所以疑问词用 how。 8. D。根据答语可知，问句问的是地点，对地点的提问，应该用 where。 9. C。根据答语中的 two years ago 可知用一般过去时，一般疑问句助动词用 did。 10. A。根据答语中的 last night 可知用一般过去时，否定句用 didnt 加动词原形，所以答 案为 A。 11.

8、D。根据句中的时间状语 yesterday 可知用一般过去时。 12. B。 根据时间状语 last night 可知用一般过去时； 由因为主语是 a film， 所以应该用 was。 13. D。根据句中的时间状语 yesterday 和 today 可知，第一个空用一般过去时，第二个空 用一般现在时；因为主语是 it，所以用 was 和 is。 14. B。根据 just now 可知用一般过去时；there be 句型要遵循“就近原则，由 a ball 决定 谓语动词用单数形式，所以答案为 B。 15. A。根据 last Sunday 可知用一般过去时，因为主语 my aunt 是单数

9、，所以用 was。 一般过去时一般过去时 【概念引入】【概念引入】 I. 何时使用一般过去时？何时使用一般过去时？ 一般过去时表示在过去某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态。 例如：Lin Tao left for Shanghai at 8:00 yesterday morning. 林涛昨天早上八点去上海了。 He was ill last night. 昨晚他生病了。 它可以具体分为以下几种情况：它可以具体分为以下几种情况： 1）表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 例如：Li Tao always went to work by bus last term. 上学期李涛一直乘公共汽车上班。 2）

10、表示已故的人曾经做过的事情。 例如：Lao She wrote many great works. 老舍写过许多脍炙人口的作品。 3）表示过去所发生的一系列的动作。 例如：The old man came into the room, took off his clothes and went to bed. 这位老人走进屋，脱下衣服，然后上床睡觉了。 Mr. Black got up at six oclock this morning, dressed, had breakfast, and went to work. 布莱克先生今天早上六点起床、穿衣服、吃饭，然后去上班了。 II.如何识

11、别一般过去时？如何识别一般过去时？ 每个时态都会有其独特的标志性词语（主要是时间状语） ，我们可以称其为“标志词” 。 一般过去时常见的标志词有： 1. yesterday, the day before yesterday. 2. last week / year / month / term (简称 last 系列) 3. two hours ago, three years ago, a moment ago(简称 ago 系列) 4. in / on + 过去的年/月/日，如 in 1999, on April, 2005 5. just now, once upon a time,

12、one day 【用法讲解】【用法讲解】 . be 动词的一般过去时。动词的一般过去时。 在使用一般过去时的句子中，如果句子的谓语是 be 动词，就要将 be 动词变为过去式。 主语是第一、 第三人称单数， be 用 was； 如果是第二人称或者其他人称复数， be 用 were。 它的一般疑问句是把 was（were）提到句首；否定句是在 was（were）的后面加 not。 特殊疑问句是在一般疑问句的前面加特殊疑问词。 例如：My mother was busy last night. 我的妈妈昨天晚上很忙。 （肯定句） We werent at school at that time.

13、那时我们不在学校。 （否定句） Were you at home yesterday? 你昨天在家吗？（一般疑问句） Where were you last night? 你昨天晚上在哪里？（特殊疑问句） 注意：注意：there be 句型中句型中 be 动词的使用。动词的使用。 当主语是单数名词或者不可数名词时 be 动词用单数；当主语是名词复数时 be 动词用复 数。 例如：There was a strong wind just now. 刚才有一阵强风。 There were many people in the supermarket last night. 昨天晚上超市有很多人。

14、. 行为动词的一般过去时。行为动词的一般过去时。 1）基本用法。）基本用法。 谓语动词是行为动词的句子， 在一般过去时中， 要将作谓语的行为动词变成过去式。 行为动词的过去式，一般情况下是在动词原形的后面加ed 构成，没有人称和数的 变化。 例如：I wanted to have a rest just now. 我刚才想休息一下。 它的否定句要在谓语动词的前面加助动词 didnt，此时，谓语动词要变成原形。 例如：My mother watched TV last night. 我妈妈昨天晚上看电视了。 （肯定句） My mother didnt watch TV last night. 我

15、妈妈昨天晚上没有看电视。 （否定句） 2）行为动词的过去式的构成。）行为动词的过去式的构成。 在一般过去时的句子中，行为动词过去式分为规则变化和不规则变化。 规则变化有： (1) 一般在动词的后面加ed。例如：workworked，looklooked。 (2) 以字母 e 结尾的动词，直接在词尾加d。例如：likeliked，livelived。 (3) 以重读闭音节结尾并且词尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，先双写这个辅音字母， 再加ed。例如：stopstopped。 (4) 以辅音字母y结尾的动词， 先把字母y变为i再加ed。 例如： worryworried。 不规则变化有： do/does

16、did，gowent，writewrote，seesaw， beginbegan，have/hashad 等。 注意：注意：在英语中不符合变化规则的词很多，要特殊记忆。 例如：They left the farm a moment ago. 他们刚刚离开农场。 He swam in the river and had a good time. 他在小河里游泳并且玩得很开心。 3）行为动词的一般疑问句。）行为动词的一般疑问句。 谓语动词是实义动词，一般疑问句要借助于助动词 did。句型为：Did + 主语 + 动 词原形 + 宾语？其回答仍借助于助动词，肯定回答用 did，否定回答用 didnt

17、。 例如： Did he watch TV last night? 他昨晚看电视了吗？ Yes, he did. / No, he didnt. 是的，他看了。/ 不，他没有看。 4）行为动词的特殊疑问句。）行为动词的特殊疑问句。 行为动词的特殊疑问句句式是： “疑问词 + did + 主语 +实义动词 + 其他?” What did you do the day before yesterday? 前天你们做什么了？ When did the Green family arrive? 格林一家什么时候到达的？ 拓展：拓展：常见的特殊疑问词有： 人用 who， whom； 物用 what； 地

18、点用 where； 时间用 when， what time； 原因用 why； 频率用 how often；长度用 how long；距离用 how far 等。 例如：They went there last Sunday. (对划线部分提问) When did they go there? The boy stayed in Beijing for two years. (对划线部分提问) How long did the boy stay in Beijing? 巩固练习巩固练习 一、单项选择一、单项选择 1. What did you do for your mom on her bi

19、rthday? I her a birthday cake. A. buy B. bought C. will buy D. have bought 2. Has Mary ever visited Tower Bridge? Yes. She _ it two years ago. A. visits B. visited C. has visited D. was visiting 3. Will you see the film Cinderella with us tonight? No, I _it last week. A. see B. have seen C. saw 二、二、

20、填空题填空题 A用用 be 动词的适当形式填空。动词的适当形式填空。 1. What _ the name of your first teacher? 2. _ his brothers naughty? Yes, they _. But they _ well-behaved now. 3. Where _ you last night? I _at my grandparents home. 4. Where _ Yao Ming born? 5. My parents _ in Shanghai in 2006. B用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。 1.

21、 A girl _ (cry) for help last night. 2. He _(point) to the book he wanted. 3. I _(open) the window after I got up. 4. He knocked on the door and _(enter). 5. Tom jumped up and _(rush) to the door. 答案：答案： 单项选择单项选择： 1. B。由问句中 did 可知是一般过去时，所以答语也用一般过去时。 2. B。two years ago 是过去时间，一般与一般过去式连用，故选 B。 3. C。从答句

22、后面的 last week 可知该句要用一般过去时，故选 C。 填空题。填空题。 A用用 be 动词的适当形式填空。动词的适当形式填空。 1. was 2. Were; were; are 3. were; was 4. was 5. were B用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. cried 2. pointed 3. opened 4. entered 5. rushed 课后综合训练课后综合训练 I. 单项选择。单项选择。 1Mr Zhang _ born in Chengdu Ais Bare Cwas Dwere 2Many foreigners

23、are looking _ to Beijing Aforwards to go Bforwards to going Cforward to go Dforward to going 3Was Lingling born in Xuzhou? _She was born in Qingdao AYes，she was BNo，she wasnt CYes，she wasnt DNo，she was 4What was the name _ your first school，please? Xinhua Primary School Afor Bto Cof Dat 5We should b

24、e _ ourselves in our study Astrict with Bstrict in Cstrict on Dstrict of 6Mr King is friendly _ us after class，but he is very strict _ us in class Ato；with Bto；in Cfor；with Dfor；in 7There _ a big living room and two bedrooms in our house five years ago Awas Bwere Cis Dare 8_ your first classroom lik

25、e? Awhat was BWhat was CHow is DHow was 9Theres a river _ many fish _ it Ain；in Bwith；with Cin；with Dwith；in 10_ was really great to have a swim in the river in summer Thats right AThis BThat CWhat DIt 11The film wasnt interestingEveryone was _ Afunny Bstrict Ccomfortable Dbored 12What does your new

26、 English teacher look like? She is a beautiful woman _ long hair Aat Bfor Cwith Dof 13Lucy _ a student last year，but now she _ a teacher Ais；is Bwas；is Cwas；will be Dis；was 14Where were you last month? I _ on vacation(度假) in Hawaii(夏威夷) Aam Bwill be Cwas Dhave been 15I bought an ice cream in the _ A

27、river Bstore Chome Dgarden 【真题链接】 1. Im not finished with my dinner yet But our friends _ for us A. wait B. waited C. are waiting D. were waiting 2. I really need to take more exercise because Im weight. A. putting off B. putting on C. putting down D. putting away 3. I had some _，vegetables and two

28、eggs for dinner Arice Bnoodle Cbanana II. 完形填空。完形填空。 Once there was an old man in a town. He always forgot 1 things. So his wife always had to say to him, “Dont forget this!” One day he went on a long trip (旅行) alone. Before he 2 home, his wife said, “Now you have all these 3 . They are what you nee

29、d for your trip. Take care of your things during the trip.” He went to the station, bought a ticket and 4 the train with it. About half 5 hour later, the conductor began to see the tickets. He came to the old man and 6 , “Will you please show me your ticket?” The old man looked for his ticket in all

30、 his pockets, but he could not find 7 . He was very worried. “I cant find my ticket. I really bought a ticket 8 I got on the train,” said the old man. “I believe (相信) you bought a ticket. All right, you dont have to buy 9 one,” said the conductor kindly. “But how can I know where Im going? I cant 10

31、 my station!” the old man said sadly. 1. A. a lot of B. a kind of C. a piece of D. a pair of 2. A. got B. left C. went D. moved 3. A. money B. clothes C. tickets D. things 4. A. had on B. went on C. got on D. passed on 5. A. a B. an C. the D. this 6. A. say B. said C. says D. saying 7. A. it B. this

32、 C. that D. ticket 8. A. when B. till C. before D. after 9. A. other B. the other C. the others D. another 10. A. forget B. get C. remember D. see III. 阅读理解。阅读理解。 A The day was like any other day in his life. Tom walked past the shop at the street corner. He stopped to look at the front row of shoes

33、, and he felt happy to see that the pair of shoes he wanted very much was still there. Looking down at his old shoes, he felt sorry for himself. He really wanted to have them for his birthday. He sadly walked away and thought how to tell his mother about it. He knew very well that she had little mon

34、ey. He decided not to go home at once, as he looked sad and his mother would notice it. So he went to the park and sat on the grass. There he saw a boy moving a wheelchair with his hands. Tom looked at him and was surprised to see that the boy had no feet. He looked at his own feet.“Its much better

35、to be without shoes than without feet,” he thought. There was no reason for him to feel so sorry and sad. He went away and smiled, thinking he was happier. 1. Tom passed the shop_. A. on foot B. by bike C. in a wheelchair D. by bus 2. Tom stopped in front of the shop because he wanted to_. A. buy th

36、e shoes B. look at the shoes he liked C. buy a present for his friend D. get something for his birthday party 3. That pair of shoes Tom liked was_. A. too cheap B. too large for him C. not sold yet D. not there 4. Why did Tom go to the park? Because_. A. many nice shoes were sold there B. he wanted

37、to play there for while C. he wanted to see his disabled friend D. he didnt want to make his mother worried 5. We can learn from the story that Tom_. A. liked new shoes very much B. loved his mother very much C. didnt want to stay at home D. had no feet B Mr. Smith was angry with his wife, and she w

38、as angry with his husband. For many days they didnt speak to each other at all. One evening Mr. Smith was very tired when he came back from work. So he went to bed soon after supper. Of course, he didnt say anything to Mrs. Smith before that Mrs. Smith did some washing. When she went to bed, she fou

39、nd a piece of paper on the small table near her bed. On the paper were words. Mother: Wake me up at seven in the morning. Father When Mr. Smith woke up the next morning，it was nearly eight. He saw the piece of paper on the small table near his bed. He took it and found these words. Father: Wake up.

40、Its seven. Mother 根据短文内容，判断正（T）误（F） 。 1. Mr. and Mrs. Smith didnt speak to each other because they were angry with each other. （ ） 2. That evening Mr. Smith went to bed later than his wife. （ ） 3. He wanted his wife to wake him up at seven the next morning. （ ） 4. The next morning Mrs. Smith didnt p

41、ut a piece of paper on the small table. （ ） 5. The text shows us Mr. and Mrs. were humorous. （ ） C It was nearly dark, the sun was dropping down the mountains far away. Little Tom came back home, with tears in his eyes. “Whats the matter, Tom? Hows your trip?” his mother asked with a big smile. “I f

42、ailed. The mountain is so high and full of big or small stones on the way, I still go ahead. But I was tired and it was so late that I had to come back.” Tom cried. “It doesnt matter. You are only 14 years old after all. You will have another chance.” his mother said. “But, standing at the top of th

43、e mountain is my dream!” Tom said. His father came over and asked, “Did you see the green trees on your way to the mountain?” “Sure, and there are a lot of beautiful flowers by the side of the road.” Tom replied. “Did you hear the birds singing?” his father asked. “There were many kinds of birds sin

44、ging in the trees, and the sound was very sweet.” Tom said. “Did you feel the beauty of nature?” his father asked. “Yes, the blue sky, the white clouds, the green trees and the colorful flowers made a nice picture.” Tom answered. “Thats enough!” his father smiled and said, “Please remember, son. For

45、 often, achieving what you expect is not the most important thing. Although you didnt reach the top of the mountain, you got a lot on the way.” It is true that not every goal will be achieved, not every job will end up with a success, and not every dream will come true. The most beautiful scenery (风

46、景) is on the way. 1. Tom got back home when the sun was dropping. A. slowly B. sadly C. quickly D. Early 2. Toms parents wanted Tom . A. to be friendly B. to be happy C. to be clever D. to be healthy 3. Whats the main reason that Tom didnt reach the top of the mountain? A. The mountain was so high.

47、B. The way was full of big or small stones. C. He was tired and it was so late. D. He was only 14 years old. 4. Tom saw a lot of things on the way to the mountain except . A. clear water B. blue sky C. colorful flowers D. green trees IV. 书面表达。书面表达。 谁是你的第一位朋友？你的老师是谁？你怀念你的小学生活吗？请以“My primary school li

48、fe”为题，写一篇 70 词左右的短文，向大家描述一下你的小学生活。 答案与解析答案与解析 I. 单项选择。单项选择。 1C。be born 意为“出生”，常用一般过去时。 2D。look forward to 意为“期望”，后接名词、代词或动名词。 3B。根据答语中“She was born in Qingdao ”可知，她不是出生于徐州，用否定回答。 4C。the name of.意为“的名字”。 5A。be strict with sb.表示“对某人要求严格” 。 6A。be friendly to sb 意为“对某人友好” ，be strict with sb 表示“对某人严格” 。 7. A。there be 句式的过去时，根据就近原则，be 动词用 was。 8. B。句意为“你的第一个教室是什么样？” 。What.be like 表示“像什么样” 。 9. D。句意为“河里有许多鱼” 。with 这里表示“拥有” 。 10 D。 考查 It + be +形容词+to do sth.句型。 此句型的真正主语为 to do sth.， it 为形式主语。 11D。句意：由于电影没有趣味，大家很无聊。所以选 bored，表示某物让人感到无聊。 12C。介词 with 表示“含有，带有”之意。 13B。考查时态。