2021年春人教版英语八年级下册Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstrom came 知识点.docx

1、Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came? 短语归纳短语归纳 1.wait for 等待 2.look for 寻找 3.go off (闹铃）发出声音 4.take a shower 洗澡 5.pick up 接电话；捡起 6.make sure 确信；务必 7.have fun 玩的开心 8.fall asleep 入睡；睡觉 9.die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失 10.wake up 醒来；叫醒 11.in a mess 乱七八糟 12.take photos 照相 13.turn on 打开 14.in silence 沉

2、默地；无声地 15.take down 摧毁；拆卸；记下 16.tell the truth 说实话 17.point out 指出 18.go away 消失 19.as well 也 用法归纳用法归纳 1.be busy doing sth/be busy with sth 忙于（做）某事 2.see sb /sth doing sth 看见某人或某物正在做某事 3.begin/start to do sth 开始做某事 4.try to do sth 努力去做某事 5.have trouble（in）doing sth 做某事有困难 语法点语法点 过去进行时 过去进行最好记，was/we

3、re+doing 特定时间有暗示，过去某刻某时段 肯定主语在句首，一般问句 Be 提前 否定句式更简单，Be 后只把 not 添 知识点讲解 1. 过去进行时态 .用法： 过去某个时间点正在发生的动作 He was cooking at six last night. 昨天晚上六点，他正在做饭。 过去某时间段正在发生的动作 I was staying here from March to May last year.去年从 3 月到 5 月，我一直呆在这里。 .与过去进行时连用的时间状语， 常见的有 at nine last night/at that time= then/at this t

4、ime yesterday/ 或有 when the teacher came in/while he was reading 等时间状语从句的提示 过去进行时的构成：waswere +现在分词 过去进行时的四个基本句型 肯定句 He was cooking at six last night. 否定句 He was not cooking at six last night. 一般疑问句 Was he cooking at six last night? 两回答 Yes ,he was. No, he wasnt. 特殊疑问句 What was he doing at six last ni

5、ght? 过去进行时的固定句型 Jim was reading when the teacher came in. 当老师进来的时候，吉姆正在读书。 Jim was reading while Kate was watching TV. 在凯特正在看电视的同时，吉姆正在读书。 Jim came in while Kate was watching TV. 在凯特正在看电视的时候，吉姆进来了。 请比较 He watched TV last night. （过去时间 last night, 用一般过去时） He was watching TV at nine last night. (过去时间 l

6、ast night+点时间 at nine, 用过去进行时) What was the girl doing at the time of the rainstorm? 【解析 2】at the time of 在. 的时候 （常用于过去进行时） 【解析 3】rainstorm n 暴风雨 raincoat 雨衣 raindrop 雨滴 2. My alarm didnt go off so I got up late. 我的闹钟没有响，因此我起床晚了。 【解析 1】alarm n 闹钟 an alarm clock 一个闹钟 【解析 2】go off 发出响声, (闹钟)闹响 ，离开 The

7、 alarm went off just now. 刚才警钟响了 【短语】 go over 复习 go away 离开 go by (时间)过去 go for a walk 出去散步 go fishing/shopping/skating/swimming 去钓鱼/去买东西/ 去溜冰/去游泳 3.I was waiting for the bus when it began to rain heavily. 【解析】heavily adv 在很大程度上 heavy adj. 沉重的 How heavy are you? heavily adv 沉重地 The army lost heavily

8、 形容风大的时候常用 strong/hard, 形容雨雪下得大的时候用 heavily/hard 【注】heavy 改 y 为 i +ly 变为 adv ,类似的 adj 还有： 4.I called at seven and you didnt pick up. 【解析】pick up 接电话 pick up 接电话 Tom, I called you, but you didnt pick up 捡起；拾起 I pick up a wallet on my way home （开车）接某人 I will pick you up at the station 学到；获得 He was pic

9、king up the skills quickly. 5. Thats strange. 真奇怪 【解析】strange adj. 奇怪的 strangely adv 奇怪地 stranger n 陌生人 be strange to 对感到陌生 strange 奇怪的 Its strange that she came to the party. 陌生的 He stands in a stranger street. 6. With no light outside, it felt like midnight. 外面没有一丝光亮， 让人感觉这是在午夜。 【解析 1】with + n +ad

10、v ，在句中做伴随状语 with +n +adj. She can see stars in the dark sky with the window open. 【解析 2】feel like doing sth = would like/want to do sth 想要做某事 【解析】report v 报道 reporter n 记者 make a report 做报告 weather report 天气预报 give a report 作报告 Its reported that 据报道 7.So while you were sleeping, I called Jenny and s

11、he helped me. 【解析】so 的用法： 1.无实际意义，表示惊讶或领会，引出后面内容 So, you were the first one to enter the classroom. 2.so + adj./ adv “如此” The book is so interesting. 3.so + adj./adv +that 从句 结果状语从句 He ran so fast that no one could catch up with him. 4.so + 从句 “所以“ 连词 I was ill yesterday, so I didnt go to school. 5.

12、so that +从句 “以便，为了” 目的状语从句 I fixed the TV so that we can watch it tonight 8.Bens dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working . 本的爸爸正在把木头块搭在窗户上面，而他的妈妈正在确保手电筒和收音机能正常使用。 【解析 1】while 当.的时候, 1.主句动作和从句动作同时发生 2. 从句后接进行时，并只能跟延续 性动词连用 3

13、. 表示主句和从句直接的对比，意为“然而” 【解析 2】make sure 确信； 确保 make sure to do sth Please make sure to turn off the computer when you leave make sure of Do you know the time of the train? Youd better make sure of it. 【解析 3】work 运转；发挥作用 The medicine doesnt work. 【拓展】work 有三个意思很容易弄混： 表示“工作”，是不可数名词： He has too much work

14、 to do. 他要做的工作太多。 work worker . 表示“著作”或“作品”，是可数名词，但多用复数： He has read many of Hemingways works. 表示“工厂”，只用复数形式，但可表示单数意义： The glass works（=factory) is are near the station. 玻璃工 厂在车站附近。 9.Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the window. hungry 饥饿的 hungrily happ

15、y 快乐的 happily angry 生气的 angrily lucky 幸运的 luckily 当雨点开始重重地打在窗户上的时候，本正在帮助他的妈妈做晚饭。 【解析 1】.beat 与 win 辨析 We beat them by the score of 2 to 1. 我们以 2:1 赢了他们。 Which team won the football match? 哪个对赢了那场足球赛？ 【解析 2】 against 介词 倚；碰；撞 表示“反对”，其反义词为 for。若表示“强烈反对”，一般用副词 strongly： Are you for or against the plan?

16、你对这个计划是赞成还是反对呢?你对这个计划是赞成还是 反对 表示位置，意为“靠着”、“顶着”、等： The teachers desk is against the wall. 老师的办公桌靠墙放 着。 He stood leaning against the tree. 他站着斜靠在墙上 10. He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m 在大约凌晨三点逐渐减弱的 时候，本终于睡着了。 【解析 1】 fall asleep 进入梦乡；睡着 【拓展】sleep / asleep 辨析： (1) s

17、leep =be in bed v 睡觉，指睡的动作状态， (2) get to sleep =fall asleep 入睡，强调进入睡眠的状态 (3)go to bed 上床睡觉，强调睡觉的动作。 be asleep 强调睡着的状态 The baby is asleep fall asleep 强调入睡的动作 My father was so tired that he fell asleep quickly 【拓展】fall asleep, sleep, go to sleep, get to sleep, go to bed 用法区别。 fall asleep 属“连系动词+表语”结构，

18、“入睡；睡着”，指进入梦乡，往往含有“不知不觉就睡着了“的 意思。asleep 在此作表语形容词。 He was just falling asleep when there was a loud knock at the door. 他刚要入睡时，这时传来了响亮的 敲门声。 sleep 指睡觉时的一种状态，是一个延续性的动词。 He likes to sleep for an hour in the afternoon. 他喜欢在下午睡上一个小时。 go to sleep 意为“入睡，睡着”，强调从开始睡到睡着的过程。 I just want to close my eyes and go

19、to sleep as quickly as possible. 我只是想闭上眼睛， 尽快地睡上一觉。 get to sleep 与 go to sleep 意思相近，但它强调的是进入睡眠状态。 She was too excited to get to sleep last night. 她昨晚因太激动而不能入睡。 go to bed“就寝”，“上床睡觉”，指上床去睡这个动作，与 get up 相对应。 The students in our school usually get up at six in the morning and go to bed at half past nine

20、 in the evening. 我们学校的学生通常早晨六点起床，晚上九点半睡觉。 【解析 2】die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失 【拓展】die down 与 die out 的用法区别： 指火的熄灭时，用 die down 或 die out 皆可。 die down 往往指火势由强到弱慢慢熄灭，植物慢慢死亡这一过程； die out 则指熄灭这一事实，而且不及 die down 用的普遍。 die down:反映风、声音、愤怒、掌声、战斗等平息下来。 die out:指家庭、种族、物种、组织、信仰等的消失或消亡。 This kind of bird has died out in th

21、e world.这种鸟已经在世界上灭绝了。 11. When he woke up. the sun was rising 当他醒来的时候，太阳已经升起来了。 【解析 2】rise 增加；提高；增强；上升，升起 rise 升起；上升 主语自身移向较高位置 Price rose gradually raise 举起；提高 主语发出的动作作用于其他事物 Lets raise our glasses to Tom. 12. Fallen trees, broken windows and rubbish were everywhere.到处都是倒下的树， 破碎的窗户和垃圾。 【解析 1】过去分词做定

22、语 fallen leaves 落叶 【解析 2】 everywhere 处处，到处；各个地方 词条 含义 用法 例句 everywhere 处处；到处； 各个地方 可用于任何句式 We have many friends everywhere in the world somewhere 某个地方 多用于肯定句中 You can go somewhere you like to. anywhere 任何地方 否定句 You cant go anywhere 疑问句 Can I go anywhere I choose 13. They joined the neighbors to help

23、 clean up the neigh hood together. 他们加入到邻居们中，一起打扫 社区。 【解析】 join 加入；参加 【辨析】join/join in/take part in join=be a member of 参加 ,指加入某种组织，并成为其中的一员。 join the army / party 入伍/ 党 join the club 加入俱乐部 join in 后接活动名称 join sb. 加入到某个人群之中 (2) take part in 参加 ，指加入群体活动中并在活动中发挥重要作用。 14. When we got to the place of th

24、e accident, the car was in bad shape from hitting a tree. 当我们到达事故现场的时候，看到汽车由于撞在了树上，已经变了些。 【解析】get to 到达 get got gotten v 得到 【辨析】get/ reach/ arrive get to +地点=arrive in/at +地点=reach+地点 get on 上车 get up 起床 get used to 习惯于 get along with sb 与某人相处融洽 get together 相聚 15.What event happened at the school y

25、esterday?昨天学校发生了什么事？ 【解析】 happen 发生；碰巧（指偶然性发生） (1) happen v “发生”没有被动语态 ，主语是物，强调某事发生的偶然性 a. sth. happen to sb. 某事发生在某人身上 What happened to you?=What was wrong with him? b. sb. happen to do sth. 某人碰巧做某事 She happened _(be) out when we called. (2)take place 发生，指事情有计划有安排地发生 The sports meeting took place i

26、n our school last week. (3) It happened that碰巧 16.Kate realized her bag was still at home. 凯特意识到她的包还在家。 【解析】realize v 意识到 realize + n she didnt realize her mistake. realize +从句 I didnt realize that you were so unhappy. 17. Robert Allen is now over 50 , but he was a school pupil at that time. 罗柏特。艾伦现

27、在已经 50 多岁了，但那时候他还只是一名小学生。 【解析】 over= more than 超过 18. When the school basketball competition started, Kate was still making her way to school. 当学校篮球 比赛开始的时候，凯特还在去学校的路上。 【解析】 make ones way to 在某人去的路上（当后接地点副词时，应省略介词 to） 19.Our teacher said, “ Dr. King died just 10 minutes ago. 我们的老师说：“金先生 10 分钟前去世了” 【

28、解析】一段时间+ ago 之前，用于一般过去时 20. We were completely surprised! 我们完全震惊了！ 【解析】complete v 完成 adj. 完整的 completely 彻底地；完全地 21.My parents did not talk after that , and we finished the rest of our dinner in silence.之后我的父母没再 讲话，我们在沉默中吃完了晚饭。 【解析】 the rest of “其余的，剩下的” ,做主语时，其谓语动词的数要与 the rest of 修饰的名词一 致。 The res

29、t of meat goes bad. The rest of workers are still working hard. School closed for the day, and Robert and his friends walked home in silence. 学校停课一天，罗柏特和他的朋友们沉默地走回了家。 【解析】 silence n 沉默 silent 沉默； 缄默； 无声 in silence 沉默地、 无声地 = silently keep silent 保持沉默 22. More recently , most Americans remember what

30、they were doing when the World Trade Center in New York was taken down by terrorists. 最近，大部分美国人还记得当纽约世贸大楼被恐怖分子袭击的时 候自己在做什么。 【解析 1】remember to do sth 与 remember doing sth 的用法区别。 remember to do sth 记得去做某事（此事还未做） Remember to turn off the light when you leave the room. 当你离开房间的时候记得关灯。 remember doing sth

31、记得做过某事（此事已做完） I remember turning off the light when I left the room.我记得离开房间时关灯了。 【解析 2】take down 拆掉；拆毁 【解析 3】terror n 恐怖 terrorist 恐怖分子 be full of terror 充满恐怖 23. I was so scared that I could hardly think clearly after that. 我很害怕以至于后来我几乎无法正常思考。 【解析】hardly 几乎不； 绝不 24.Robert and his friends were surpr

32、ised to hear the news. 罗柏特和他的朋友们听到这则消息感到很吃惊。 【解析 1】be surprised to do sth 做某事很吃惊 【拓展】surprise v 使吃惊surprising adj. 令人吃惊的 surprised adj. 吃惊的 to ones surprise 使某人吃惊的是 in surprise 吃惊地 be surprised at 对感到吃惊 【解析 2】hear 的用法 hear 意为“听见”，强调听的结果。 【结构】 ：hear sb. do sth 听见某人做某事； hear sb. doing sth 听见某人正在做某事 We

33、 can often hear some children play on the playground.我们经常能听见一些孩子在操场上玩耍。 I heard my sister singing an English song in her room when I came back.当我回来时， 我听见我的姐姐正 在她的房间里唱一支英文歌。 hear 也有“听说”之意，这时后接 that 引导的宾语从句。 hear about 意为“听说”，相当于 hear of，后面接词或短语。 I have heard about/of the story before. 我以前就听说过这个故事。 he

34、ar from 意为“收到.的来信；有.的消息”，=get/receive a letter from. I havent heard from my mother for months.我已经好几个月没有收到我妈妈的来信了。 Kate didnt think her friend was telling the truth about the event. 凯特认为对于这次事件她朋友没有说 出真相。 【解析】true adj. 真的 truly adv. 真地 truth 实情；事实 to be truth n. 真相 honest = to tell (you) the truth 老实说

35、；说实话 25. I had trouble thinking clearly after that because I was very afraid.后来由于害怕我无法清晰地思考。 【解析】trouble n 困难； 苦恼； 忧虑 in trouble 处于困境中 get sb. into trouble 使某人陷入困境 Whats the trouble with you ?= Whats the matter with you ?= What wrong with you ?你怎么啦？ have trouble （in）doing sth 做某事有麻烦 have problem /di

36、fficulty/fun (in) doing sth 做某事有问题/困难/乐趣 26. Although the storm broke many things apart, it brought families and neighbors closer together. 27. People often remember what they were doing when they heard the news of important events in history. 28. Although some people may not remember who killed him, they remember what they were doing when they heard the news. 29. I didnt believe him at first, but then I looked out of the window and realized that it was true. 弄清楚句式：简单句、并列句、从句：宾语从句、状语从句（时间状语从句、让步状 语从句、条件状语从句） 、定语从句等