2021版外研版选修三英语Unit 6 突破 语法大冲关ppt课件.ppt

1、Unit 6 Nature in words 突破突破 语法大冲关语法大冲关 非限定动词作定语、状语和宾语补足语 一、非限定动词作定语 观察例句 1The question to be discussed at the meeting is very important. 2He has no pen to write with. 3He is always the first to arrive at school and the last to leave school. 4The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea

2、 itself. 5Do you know the man standing under the tree? 6He is very old and walks with a walking stick. 7We must keep a secret of the things being discussed here. 8The players selected from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game. 归纳用法 1不定式作定语常表示将来的动作。 2不定式常放在某些名词或代词后作定语。

3、如果作定语的不定 式是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地 点、工具等，不定式后需要加相应的介词。 3不定式用来修饰被序数词、最高级或 no，all，any 等限定的 中心词，且与中心词之间为逻辑上的主动关系。 4被修饰词是抽象名词时，常用不定式作定语。常见的该类名 词有： ability， chance， idea， hope， wish， fact， excuse， promise， attempt， way 等。 5主动的- ing 形式作定语，常表示被修饰词的用途或正在进行 的动作；其被动形式“being过去分词”表示正在进行的被动动作。 6及物动词的过去分词作定语

4、，表示被动并已完成的动作；不 及物动词的过去分词作定语通常只表示已完成的动作。 即学即练 1 单句语法填空 Laura was away in Paris for over a week.When she got home， there was a pile of mail _(wait)for her. His first book _(publish)next month is based on a true story. He got up early the next morning and found a lot of _(fall) leaves on the ground. Sh

5、e is now looking for a room _(live)in. waiting to be published fallen to live 二、非限定动词作状语 观察例句 1To pass the college entrance examination，we must work hard. 2The bus stopped in order to/so as to pick up passengers. 3Tom took a taxi to the airport，only to find his plane high up in the sky. 4More highwa

6、ys have been built in China，making it much easier for people to travel from one place to another. 5One evening Harry phoned me，asking me to come to his flat as soon as possible. 6Translated into English，the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order. 7We were astonished to find the

7、temple still in its original condition. 8Not understanding this problem，he asked the teacher about it. 9Defeated by his deskmate，he felt discouraged. 10Given another hour，I can also work out this problem. 11Warned of the danger，he still went skating on the thin ice. 归纳用法 1不定式作目的状语意为“为了”，可以单独放在句首、句中

8、或句末。如果强调目的性，不定式前也可加 in order 或 so as，但 so as to 不能用于句首。 2 不定式作结果状语， 其前常有 only， 表示令人意外的结果； - ing 形式作结果状语常表示自然而然的结果，其前可有 thus。 3作时间状语，ing 形式相当于 when，while，before，since， as 引导的时间状语从句。 4作方式或伴随状语，ing 形式表示一个同时发生的次要的(或 者伴随的)动作，常用逗号与句子主体部分隔开，相当于并列句。 5作原因状语，不定式常用于“主语(人)系动词形容词(过 去分词)to do”结构中； - ing 形式表示的动作与句

9、子主语之间是主动 关系；过去分词表示的动作与句子主语之间是被动关系，且常含有完 成的意义。 6作条件状语，过去分词短语相当于 if，unless 等引导的条件状 语从句。 7作让步状语，过去分词短语相当于 though，although，even if 等引导的让步状语从句。 即学即练 2 单句语法填空 I stopped the car _(take)a short break as I was feeling tired. George returned after the war，only _(tell)that his wife had left him. The sun began

10、to rise in the sky，_(bathe)the mountain in golden light. _(see)from the top of the mountain，the city is very beautiful. to take to be told bathing Seen 三、非限定动词作宾语补足语 观察例句 1The doctor warned him not to eat too much meat. 2He depends on you to help him with his English. 3They use computers to keep the

11、 traffic running smoothly. 4He tried to get his work recognized in the medical circles. 5I saw him leave a few minutes ago. 6He saw the suspect entering the building. 7Back from his twoyear medical service in Africa，Dr.Lee was very happy to see his mother taken good care of at home. 归纳用法 1有些动词及动词短语后

12、接不定式作宾补，即“动词/动词短语 sb.to do”。常见的这类动词或动词短语有： advise 建议 ask 询问；要求 cause 导致 expect 期望 force 强迫 allow 允许 beg 乞求 encourage 鼓励 forbid 禁止 intend 意欲 invite 邀请 persuade 说服 require 需要 remind 提醒 want 想要 wish 想要 depend on 依靠 order 订购 prefer 喜爱 teach 教 tell 告诉 warn 警告 wait for 等待 call on 号召；要求 2- ing 形式作宾语补足语时，表主

13、动并且正在进行的动作。 3过去分词作宾语补足语时，表被动并且已完成的动作。 4非谓语动词作感官动词和使役动词的宾补 名师点津 (1)使役动词 have， make， let 后用不带 to 的不定式作宾语补足语， 表示“使，让”的含义。 The teacher had/made/let some students stay in the classroom after school. The teacher got some students to stay in the classroom after school. 放学后老师让一些学生待在教室里。 (2)have sb.doing sth

14、.用于否定句中，常与 cant，wont 等连用， 表示“不能容忍某人做某事”。 I won t have you speaking to your dad like that. 我不容许你和你父亲那样讲话。 (3)have/get/make宾语done 让被/遭遇某事(强调被动 性动作) Ill have/get/make my bike repaired tomorrow. 我明天得(请人)修一下我的自行车。 He had his wallet stolen on his way home. 在回家的路上，他的钱包被偷了。 即学即练 3 单句语法填空 I heard an English

15、song _(sing)by a little girl when I passed by her room yesterday. Claire had her luggage _(check)an hour before her plane left. She was seen _(enter)the managers office ten minutes ago. Let those in need _(understand)that we will go all out to help them. being sung checked to enter understand .单句语法填

16、空 1If you hand in your homework late，attach a note _ (explain)the reason for the delay. 2 Shirley Chisholm is known as the first black woman elected to the United States Congress and the first black woman _(run)for president of the United States. explaining to run 3 _(save)energy， we turn off the li

17、ghts for Earth Hour on the last Saturday in March. 4 Mr Woods anger disappeared then.He said，“Id better go and get _(change).”Minutes later，he returned，properly dressed，only to find that the party was nearly over. 5While she was in Kenya，she would hear strange noises _ (make)by Mlaika after sunset.

18、To save changed made 6 He hurried to the train station， only _(find)the train had left. 7A major accident in southern Sweden happened today.Its reported that this afternoon a ship crashed into a bridge.Unluckily， seven cars and six trucks are said _(fall)into the water. 8 When he left， he said to me

19、， “Im sorry _(trouble) you so much.” to find to have fallen to have troubled 9The airport _(complete)next year will help promote tourism in this area. 10At the party，the pretty girl wore a very attractive skirt to make herself _(notice). to be completed noticed .完成句子 1With _，he didnt go to the cinem

20、a. 他有很多工作要做，所以没去看电影。 2I visited him _ 我去拜访他，结果他出去了。 3They were very sad _ 他们听到这条新闻非常伤心。 a lot of work to do only to find him out to hear the news 4_，you will waste your valuable time. 要是整天玩，你就会浪费宝贵的时间。 5_，they went away disappointedly. 所有的票已经卖光了，他们失望地离开了。 Playing all day All the tickets having been

21、sold out .短文语法填空 Research has become both simpler and more complex.Its simpler because，if you have a computer，you can find information you need by 1._(search)the Internet.For all your information， you dont have to go to the library 2._(find)the relevant resource and 3._(take)notes on it.Instead，you

22、can find some sources from the Internet and print the copies 4._(need).Remember，however，that you should usually consult different types of sources.That is，you shouldnt always rely just on the Internet for your research. searching to find take needed While 5._(find)information is easier than ever，at

23、the same time， 6._(research)has become more complex.There is a lot more material available，which means you may be 7._(overwhelm) with the amount of information.You need to learn how 8._(sort) through and 9._(find)the relevant information for your particular project.Also，you need 10._(check). finding researching overwhelmed to sort find to check