2021新版北师大版必修第一册英语Unit 1-Lesson 2+3核心考点归纳（核心词+短语+句式+语法）.doc

1、Unit 1- Lesson 2+3 核心考点归纳核心考点归纳 【核心词汇短语及用法归纳】【核心词汇短语及用法归纳】 apply vi.申请；请求申请；请求 教材原句 So he applied for and became a volunteer teacher in a village school. 于是他申请成为了一所农村小学的志愿者教师。 归纳拓展 (1)apply for 申请 apply.to. 把应用于 apply oneself to 专心于，致力于 apply to sth. 适用于，对有效 (2)application n. 申请；应用 applicant n. 申请者

2、典例示范 We should apply this theory to practice. 我们应该把这个理论应用于实践。 Students should apply themselves to their study. 学生应该专心致志地学习。 Tom presented the manager his application 汤姆向经理递交了他的申请书。 as well as 以及；和；同以及；和；同 教材原句 Their school lives are now more attractive and interesting，and they enjoy playing football

3、 in the playground，as well as singing songs theyve learnt. 如今，孩子们的校园生活更加有吸引力和有趣，他们喜欢在操场上踢足球，也喜 欢唱学过的歌曲。 归纳拓展 (1)as well as 用；和；也；和同样好。连接同等并列成分，连接两个主语时， 谓语动词采用就远原则。 (2)as well as 和 not only.but also.都有“不但而且”之意，均连接同等并列成 分，但 as well as 强调的是前项，not only.but also.强调的是后项；连接两个主 语时， as well as 中的谓语动词采用就远原则，n

4、ot only.but also.中的谓语动词采 用就近原则。 典例示范 He speaks Japanese as well as English and French. 他不但会说英语和法语，而且还会说日语。 Lily as well as her parents is very fond of classical music. 不但莉莉的父母，而且连莉莉也非常喜欢古典音乐。 We shall travel not only by day but also by night. 我们不但白天旅行，而且晚上也旅行。 contribution n捐献，贡献；捐献物；捐款；稿件捐献，贡献；捐献物；

5、捐款；稿件 教材原句 The contribution he made to the village was great，so he became very popular among the villagers and they treated him as one of them. 他对村子的贡献是巨大的，因此他在村民中变得很受欢迎，把他当成他们中的一 员。 归纳拓展 (1)make a contribution/contributions to(doing)sth.对做贡献/为捐款/投稿 (2)contribute.to. 把贡献给/用于 contribute to 有助于，促使 典例示

6、范 Everyone should make a contribution to protecting the environment. 每个人都应当为保护环境做贡献。 She contributed to the fund with an open heart. 她向基金会捐款，慷慨解囊。 He contributed an article to China Daily. 他为中国日报撰写了一篇文章。 deal with 对付，应付，处理；涉及；与对付，应付，处理；涉及；与做生意；与做生意；与打交道打交道 教材原句 The thought of leaving once flashed th

7、rough his mind， but he quickly gave up the idea and found ways to deal with the challenges. 归纳拓展 do with 与 deal with 的意思相同，但用法不同。 do with 与 what 连用，而 deal with 与 how 连用。 典例示范 The main body of the book deals with the authors political career.涉及 Butter was so expensive that we had to do with margarine

8、 in those days. 那时候奶油非常贵，所以我们不得不以人造奶油来将就。 They dont know what to do with the garbage here. They dont know how to deal with the garbage here. 他们不知道该怎么处理这里的垃圾。 His work experience equipped him to deal with all kinds of people.与打交道 The meeting will deal with these problems.处理 I refuse to deal with that

9、 firm any longer.与做生意 due to 因为因为 教材原句 But more often than not，its due to pressure from work or study. 但更是因为来自工作或学习的压力。 归纳拓展 be due to sb. 应付给某人 be due for 应得到 be due to do sth. 预计做某事 典例示范 She is due to make a speech on the economy next week. 她将在下周做一个关于经济的演讲。 Some students quit school due to poverty

10、. 一些学生因贫困而辍学。 语境助记 The bus was due to arrive at 5 pm.，but it arrived an hour late due to the heavy fog. eager adj.热切的，渴望的热切的，渴望的 教材原句 Bringing with him lots of books，clothes，and two pairs of trainers，Zhang Tian travelled to the village with an eager heart. 带着很多书、一些衣服和两双运动鞋迫不及待地来到了村庄。 归纳拓展 be eager f

11、or/after/about sth. 渴望某物 be eager to do sth. 渴望干某事 be eager that.(should)do sth. 渴望(从句多用虚拟语气) 典例示范 Now，I am not so eager about your coming to town as I was. 现在，我不像以前那样急于要你进城来。 I am not so eager to get(get)a new car now，for the prices have gone up. 我现在不急于买新汽车，因为价钱已经涨了。 The foreman is eager that all t

12、he workers should come(come)on time. 这个工头急着要所有工人都按时来。 give up 放弃放弃 教材原句 The thought of leaving once flashed through his mind， but he quickly gave up the idea and found ways to deal with the challenges. 离开的想法闪过他的脑海，但他很快放弃了，并找到方法应付挑战。 归纳拓展 give away 捐赠；颁发(奖品等)；泄露(情报、 秘密等) give in to sb. 对某人让步 give off

13、 放出；散发出(液体、气体、气味、热量、能量、光、声音) give out 分发；用完，消耗尽，筋疲力尽 give over 移交 典例示范 According to this speed of mining， the coal on the earth will give out in hundreds of years. 照这种开采速度，几百年后地球上的煤将消耗殆尽。 Children who are always given in to by their parents soon become spoiled. 总是被父母迁就的孩子很快就被惯坏了。 The keys were given

14、 over to our neighbors during our absence. 外出时，我们把钥匙交给了邻居。 inspire vt.鼓励，激励鼓励，激励 教材原句 But he was inspired by the idea of living independently away from home. 但是他受到离开家独立生活想法的激励。 归纳拓展 (1)inspire sb.with sth.inspire sth.in sb.激励/鼓舞某人 inspire sb.to do sth. 激励某人做某事 (2)inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的；激动的；启发灵感的 inspi

15、red adj. 能力卓越的；借助于灵感创作的 (3)inspiration n. 灵感；鼓舞人心(的东西) 典例示范 And they inspire the country with their selflessness and their courage. 他们用无私和勇气来激励那个国家。 His speech was inspiring and touched my heart. 他的发言鼓舞人心，动人肺腑。 His brothers example inspired him to try(try)out for the football team. 他哥哥的榜样激励他去接受足球队的选

16、拔测试。 intend vt.计划，打算，想要计划，打算，想要 教材原句 Although he had only intended to stay for one year，he now feels ready to stay for another year. 尽管他只是打算待一年，但是现在他感觉准备再待一年。 归纳拓展 (1)intend sb.to do sth. 打算让某人做某事 intend to do/doing sth. 打算做某事 intend that. 打算从句用(should)动词原形 had intended to do sth.intended to have do

17、ne sth. 本打算做某事 (2)be intended for 为打算/设计的 典例示范 When international aid is given，steps must be taken to ensure that the aid reaches the people for whom it is intended. 当给予国际援助的时候，必须采取措施确保援助能够到达打算被给的人。 I didnt intend her to see the painting until it was finished. 我原本不想在画还没有完成时就让她看。 I had intended to do

18、 it，but Im afraid I forgot. I intended to have done it，but Im afraid I forgot. 我本打算去做的，但是很遗憾，我忘了。 reduce vt.减少，降低，缩小减少，降低，缩小 教材原句 ways to reduce stress 减少压力的方法 归纳拓展 reduce from起点 从降低，减少 reduce to终点 减少到 reduce by程度 减少了 典例示范 The number of employees was reduced from 40 to 25. 雇员人数从 40 减到了 25。 The workf

19、orce has been reduced by half. 劳动力已经减少了一半。 All the shirts in my shop have been reduced to ￥50. 我店里的所有衬衫都减价到五十元了。 seek vt.寻求；请求寻求；请求 教材原句 If you become so stressed you cant function properly，you should seek professional help. 如果你压力如此大以至于不能很好的工作，你应该寻求专业帮助。 归纳拓展 seek sth.(from sb.) (向某人)请求/寻求某物 seek af

20、ter/for sb.(sth.) 寻求某人(某物) seek ones fortune 寻找成功(致富)的机会 seek out 找出；寻出 seek to do sth. 试图做 典例示范 The event was held for young people from around the world， to seek their views on how the future of youth and education should look. 这次活动是为来自世界各地的年轻人举办，寻求他们对未来的青年和教育的看 法。 We are seeking to attain the mos

21、t advanced technology level in the world. 我们正设法达到世界最先进的技术水平。 Why do modern people seek after material possessions? 为什么现代人追求物质财富？ suffer vt. they are waiting to see what he will do. 人们已经听到了总统所说的；他们正等着看总统会做什么。 Whether ways will be found to stop pollution or not is just what worries the public. 是否能找到阻止

22、污染的方法就是所令民众担心的事儿。 They have no idea at all what he is working on. 他们一点儿都不知道他正在做什么。 【语法归纳】【语法归纳】 教材原句 1.After a long day，Zhang Tian finally got back to his small room，feeling tired. 2.He imagined all sorts of exciting things about living and teaching in a village. 3.Living in the village was also mor

23、e challenging than he had thought. 4.It is not surprising that PE is the kids favourite subject！ 5.Their school lives are now more attractive and interesting，. 6.What made him feel satisfied was that his students were able to read，. 现象解析 - ed 形式的形容词一般用于说明人，而- ing 形式的形容词，一般用来描述事物。 归纳拓展 一、- ing 形容词的用法

24、与归纳 - ing 形容词就是指那些- ing 分词转化来的形容词。这类形容词主要用来说明 给人的感受，含有“令人”之意，其中比较常见的有： moving 动人的 puzzling 令人迷惑的 satisfying 令人满意的 surprising 令人吃惊的 charming 可爱的 disappointing 令人失望的 amusing 有趣的 astonishing 惊人的 frightening 可怕的 interesting 有趣的 exciting 令人激动的 tiring 令人疲劳的 worrying 令人担心的 He proved himself to be an amusin

25、g man. 他证明是一个有趣的人。 Its astonishing that she should say that sort of thing to you. 她居然对你说出那种话，真叫人吃惊。 This film is more exciting than any that Ive ever seen. 这部影片比我所看过的都更令人激动。 二、- ed 形容词的用法与归纳 - ed 形容词就是指那些- ed 分词转化来的形容词。 这类形容词主要用来说明人 的感受，含有“感到”之意，其中比较常见的有： puzzled 迷惑的 satisfied 满意的 excited 激动的 fright

26、ened 恐惧的 interested 感兴趣的 amused 开心的 astonished 惊讶的 delighted 高兴的 disappointed 失望的 moved 感动的 pleased 高兴的 surprised 吃惊的 tired 疲劳的 worried 担心的 He was much amused by all this talk. 这一席话让他觉得十分好笑。 She was quite astonished at his rudeness. 他的粗鲁令她相当吃惊。 The boy was delighted with his new knife.He had been wa

27、nting one for a long time. 男孩对新小刀很高兴。他早就想要一把了。 三、- ed 形容词和- ing 形容词用法的说明 有的人认为，- ed 形容词只用于人，- ing 形容词只用于物。其实，这种说法 不很准确，太绝对了。 假若你是一个幽默的人，讲话也风趣，平时还和朋友开玩笑，那么别人就说 你是一个有趣的人，用英语他会怎么说呢？他会说：You are so interesting. 又比如：有个小孩很淘气，父母很为他担心，此时我们就可以说： The parents are worried about their worrying son. 父母在为他们令人担忧的儿子感到担忧。 句中用 worried 说明父母，是因为父母感到担心；用 worrying 说明儿子，是 因为这个儿子令父母担心你看，是不是- ing 形容词也可以用于说明人！ 名师点津 - ed 形容词用于指物的情况也不少见。比较并体会： a frightened look 害怕的表情(指带有这种“表情”的人感到害怕) a frightening look 吓人的表情(指这种“表情”令人害怕) an excited talk 心情激动的谈话(指“谈话”的人心情激动) an exciting talk 令人激动的谈话(指听“谈话”的人心情激动)