2021新版北师大版必修第二册英语Unit 5 humansand nature sectionⅴp40～48 教材讲解.doc

1、Section The rest parts of the unit(P4048) .单词语境记忆根据汉语提示写出单词的适当形式 1The brochure(小册子) offers a wide choice of hotels, apartments and holiday homes. 2We observed(观察) that it had turned cloudy. 3After the big earthquake, the victims had to live in the temporary shelters (庇护所) 4It is essential that your

2、diet is varied(各种各样的)and balanced. 5The black tower is a scary (scare) place. 6No cigarette is completely harmless (harm) 7The disappearance (disappear) of language is the loss of one of our wealth. 8Aftershocks(余震) are smaller earthquakes which occur after a large earthquake. .短语语境填空根据汉语提示写出适当的短语 1

3、In all, I believe in my potentiality and hold_on_to(坚持) my dream! 2Its important that you stay_calm(保持镇静) and in control of your temper. 3The park is_home_to (是的家园)bears, wolves, and other wild animals. 4This collection is_made_up_of (由构成)three parts：poems, essays and short stories. 5This film was_b

4、ased_on (以为依据)a true story that had happened after the earthquake. .句式语境仿写 1Generally，the further south you go，the colder it will be. 一般来说，你越往南走，天气就越冷。 仿写 运动员赛前训练得越刻苦，他/她获胜的可能性就越大。 The harder an athlete trains before a match，the_more_possible_he/she_will_win 2That leaves the wolves with nothing to e

5、at，so they start attacking the farmers animals. 狼没什么吃的了，所以它们开始攻击农夫的动物。 仿写 随着科学技术的迅速发展，谁能预测到将来会有什么样的发明？ With_science_and_technology_developing_rapidly,_who can predict what inventions there will be in the future? 记单词 1“看”遍天下 observe 观察 notice 注意到，留心 watch 观看，关注 stare (at)凝视，盯着看 glance (at)匆匆看一眼；瞥 gla

6、re (at)怒视 2合成词 aftershockaftershock(n.) 3形容词后缀：ed, y, less vary (v.)varied (adj.) scare (v.)scary (adj.) harm (n.)harmless (adj.) 4名词后缀：ity, ance original (adj.)originality (n.) disappear (v.)disappearance (n.) 句型公式 1the比较级(主语谓语)，the比较级(主语谓语) 2with 的复合结构 1shelter n避难所 v躲避；为提供避难的地方 Find a shelter whe

7、re you can stay.(教材 P41)找一个你可以躲避的地方。 合作探究 体会 shelter 的用法和意义 We often (take) shelter from the rain in the doorway now. 现在，我们经常在那处门廊里避雨。 The wall sheltered us from the enemys gunfire. 这堵墙保护我们免遭敌人炮火的攻击。 自主发现 take shelter fromshelter from 躲避 shelter sb/sth from. 保护某人/某物以避免 巩固内化 单句语法填空/同义句转换 They found s

8、helter from the sun under a tree. We must find a place to_shelter (shelter) from the downpour. The protecting wall can protect our houses from being flooded. The protecting wall can shelter_our_houses_from being flooded. 2observe vt.观察；注意 observation n注意，观察 Observe carefully before you move away.(教材

9、 P41)离开前仔细观察。 合作探究 体会 observe 的用法和意义 As a child, he liked to observe the behaviour of insects. 他小时候喜欢观察昆虫的习性。 I observed her walk away with a smile.我看到她微笑着走开了。 She observed a man walking on the opposite side of the way. 她看见一个人在路那边走着。 They were observed to enter the bank.有人注意到他们进了银行。 自主发现 observe sb

10、do sth 看到某人做了某事 observe sb doing sth 看到某人正在做某事 名师提醒 observe 表示“观察；注意到”时，为感官动词，这时后跟不定式作宾补要省略 to，但用被 动语态时却不省略 to。 巩固内化 (1)用 go 的适当形式填空 They observed him go upstairs. He was not observed to_go to the store. (2)完成句子 I seemed not to observe him_reading 我似乎没有注意到他在读书。 I observed a bird fly_out_of_the_cage

11、happily. 我看到一只鸟欢快地飞出了笼子。 They were observed to_get_into_the_car 他们被看到上了车。 3be home to (be the home of)是的产地/栖息地/发源地 New Zealand is home to 4.7 million people, 31 million sheep and 10 million cows.(教材 P43) 新西兰是 470 万人民，3 100 万绵羊和 1 000 万奶牛的家园。 短语记牢 记牢下列短语 at home and abroad 国内外 feel at home 感觉舒适，不拘束 m

12、ake oneself at home 别客气，别拘束 Changbaishan is home to a great diversity of plants and animals. 长白山是多种多样动植物的生长地。 Make yourself at home when you are at my home.在我家里不要拘束。 Newspapers both at home and abroad ignored the incident. 国内外报纸都不理会这一事件。 巩固内化 完成句子/同义句转换 They feel_at_home with each other. 他俩之间熟不拘礼。 S

13、it down please and make_yourself_at_home 请坐，别拘束。 China is the home of football. China is_home_to fooball. 4That leaves the wolves with nothing to eat，so they start attacking the farmers animals.(教 材 P45) 狼没什么吃的了，所以它们开始攻击农夫的动物。 句式解读 本句中 with nothing to eat 是“with宾语宾语补足语”组成的 with 复合结构，在句 中作宾语补足语。with

14、复合结构还常充当状语，表示行为方式、伴随情况、时间、原因或条件。 用法总结 with宾语 doing（表示主动、进行） done（表示被动、完成） to do（表示将来的动作） 介词短语/adj./adv. With all the things bought, she went home happily. 买了所有东西后，她高兴地回家了。 With the beautiful moon up in the sky, we sit together and eat moon cakes and fruit, sharing our stories. 美丽的月亮高挂在天空，我们坐在一块吃月饼、吃

15、水果并且分享我们的故事。 With several problems remaining to be solved, we still need to hold another meeting as soon as possible. 有一些问题尚待解决，因此我们还需尽快再召开一次会议。 巩固内化 单句语法填空/完成句子 All the afternoon he worked with the door locked (lock) She felt nervous with the whole class staring (stare) at her. He lay in bed with h

16、is head covered (cover) With so many problems to_settle (settle), he wont be able to spare time for a holiday. He was lying on the bed with all_his_clothes_on 他和衣躺在床上。 She said goodbye with tears in_her_eyes她含着眼泪说了声再见。 .单词拼写 1Rescuers built shelters(避难所) for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.

17、 2He observed(观察) a stranger hanging around the store. 3I went to the travel agents and got many brochures(宣传册) 4He hit his head against a metal (金属)bar. 5The design for the building shows a great deal of originality(独创性) 6Other scientists are debating his theory about the disappearance(消失)of dinosa

18、urs. 7Grandpa told me a scary(恐怖的)ghost story. 8. Outdoor activities are varied(各种各样的)and attactive in the US.A. .单句语法填空 1The mother observed her son doing (do) his homework and felt cheerful. 2People were desperately seeking shelter from the gunfire. 3The woman was observed to_follow(follow) him cl

19、osely. 4The island which is small is home _to many animals. 5As long as a will is set, hold on _to it and habits can be changed. 6The study group is made up of the best students in the class. 7The more I think about it, the _worse_(bad)I feel. 8With so much work to_do(do), I shall not be able to go

20、to the cinema with you. .阅读理解 Everybody hates rats(big mice)But in the earthquake capitals of the worldJapan，Los Angeles， Turkeyrats will soon be mans best friends. What happens after an earthquake? We send in rescue dogs.Why? Because they can smell people.Dogs save lives.They help rescuers to find

21、living people.But dogs are big and they cant get into small spaces.So now a new research project is using a smaller animal to save lives：the rat. How does it work? First，the rat is trained to smell people.When this happens，the rats brain gives a signal(信号)This is sent to a small radio on its back，an

22、d then the rescuers follow the radio signal.When the rats brain activity jumps，the rescuers know that someone is alive.The rat has smelled that person. Although there are already robots which can do this job，rats are better.Christian Linster at Cornell University，New York，says，“Robots noses dont wor

23、k well when there are other smells around.Rats are good at that.” Rats can also see in the dark.They are cheaper and quicker to train than dogs，and unlike robots，they dont need electricity! The “rat project” is not finished，but Julie Ryan of International Rescue Organization in Scotland says，“It wou

24、ld be wonderful.A rat can get into spaces we cant get to，and a rat will get out if it isnt safe.” Perhaps for the first time in history，people will be happy to see a rat in a building (but only after an earthquake，of course) 【语篇解读】 本文介绍了一个研究项目利用老鼠来搜寻地震中的被困人员。 1 In the world earthquake capitals， rats

25、 will become mans best friends because they can _ Atake the place of mans rescue jobs Bfind the position of living people who are trapped in buildings Cserve as food for living people who are trapped in buildings Dget into small spaces 答案 B 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，人们利用老鼠来搜寻地震后被困的生还人员，因此答案为 B 项。 2From the th

26、ird paragraph we know the rescuers can judge a person who is alive by _ Athe noise made by the rat Bthe rats unusual behavior Cthe signal sent by the radio on the rats back Dthe smell given off by the person 答案 C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“When this happens.and then the rescuers follow the radio signal.”可知答案为 C

27、项。 3Rats have all the following advantages EXCEPT that _ Athey are more lovely than other animals Bthey are less expensive to train than dogs Cthey dont need electricity Dthey are small and can get into small places 答案 A 细节理解题。文章第一句提到“Everybody hates rats(big mice)”，由此可知，人们并不 喜欢老鼠。由文章最后两段内容可知，B、C、D

28、三项均为老鼠的优势。故选 A。 4After reading the passage we know _ Aat present rats have taken the place of dogs in searching for people Bthe “rat project” has been completed Cpeople are now happy to see a rat in a building Dnow people still use dogs and robots in performing rescues 答案 D 推理判断题。由最后一段中的“The rat pro

29、ject is not finished.”可知 A、B 两项 错误；由文章最后一句可排除 C 项。根据第四段的介绍可知，人们仍在使用狗和机器人进行救援工作。故 选 D。 .完形填空 In 1909，when Tatiana was just 11 years old，her parents and older brother traveled to the United States.Because the family was _1_ and could not afford to buy her a ticket，she had to _2_ in Russia.She lived wi

30、th her uncle for almost a year in a small house before the _3_ arrived from her father.“Dear Tatiana，”he wrote，“We _4_ made enough money to pay for your _5_We are expecting you to _6_ us in New York.” A week later，Tatianas uncle _7_ her a ticket for a steamship to America.She said goodbye to her unc

31、le.Although she was _8_ and missed her family，Tatiana quickly made friends with the other children on the ship.Together they _9_ games that could be played on the ship. The next day，as Tatiana was walking along the deck (甲板)，she heard some of the passengers _10_ about the Statue of Liberty (自由女神像)Sh

32、e didnt _11_ their conversation because she _12_ that liberty was an idea.No one could _13_ or touch it, so how could you make a statue of liberty？When she asked her friends father, he _14_ that the statue looked like a woman，but it stood for freedom.It just made Tatiana more _15_ the statue. One mo

33、rning，Tatiana woke up to the sound of wild _16_She ran upstairs and found all the _17_ were on the deck.The shouts were really cries of _18_ because the ship had finally reached the United States.When Tatiana _19_ that she would soon see her family again，she joined in with _20_ of her own. 【语篇解读】 本文

34、是记叙文。讲述了 Tatiana 乘轮船到美国的经历。 1A.large Bpoor Cunlucky Dbusy 答案 B 由 could not afford to buy her a ticket 可知，Tatiana 家很穷。 2A.work Bsuffer Cremain Dsettle 答案 C 根据 could not afford to buy her a ticket 和 She lived with her uncle for almost a year in a small house 可知，家人都去了美国，Tatiana 留在了俄国。 3A.letter Bphone

35、Cbook Dwarning 答案 A 从“Dear Tatiana，” he wrote 可知，Tatiana 的父亲给她写了一封信。 4A.first Btruly Cfinally Donly 答案 C 由上文 Tatiana 因为家里没钱被留在俄国可知，她父亲在信中说他们最终挣了足够的钱。 5A.holiday Bhouse Ceducation Dticket 答案 D 根据下文可知，父亲在信中说他们终于赚够了给 Tatiana 买票的钱。 6A.join Bwelcome Cplease Dfind 答案 A 父母和哥哥在期待着 Tatiana 加入他们。 7A.chose Bbo

36、ught Cmailed Dsaved 答案 B 根据下文内容可知，叔叔为 Tatiana 买了一张船票。 8A.careful Bweak Clonely Dsad 答案 C 由上文 her parents and older brother traveled to the United States 和 She said goodbye to her uncle 可知，Tatiana 是孤身一人在船上。 9A.won Bneeded Cexpected Dinvented 答案 D 根据空后 that could be played on the ship 可知，他们发明出了能在船上玩的游

37、戏。 10A.singing Btalking Cdebating Dasking 答案 B 根据 their conversation 可知，Tatiana 听到一些乘客在谈论自由女神像。 11A.stop Blike Cunderstand Dturn 答案 C 根据 When she asked her friends father 可知，Tatiana 不理解他们的谈话。 12A.knew Bagreed Cpromised Dfelt 答案 A 由下一句和 Tatiana 问朋友的父亲可知，Tatiana 知道自由是一种思想。 13A.see Bget Cleave Dshare 答

38、案 A 由上句 liberty was an idea 可知， 自由是一种思想， 看不到， 也摸不到， 怎么能制造出来呢？ 14A.remembered Bhoped Cproved Dexplained 答案 D 由 When she asked her friends father 可知，朋友的父亲给 Tatiana 做出了解释。 15A.proud of Binterested in Csatisfied with Dfond of 答案 B 根据下文内容可知，朋友父亲的这一番解释使得 Tatiana 对这个雕像更感兴趣了。 16A.laughing Bknocking Cshoutin

39、g Dbeating 答案 C 由下文 The shouts 可知，一天早上，Tatiana 在疯狂呼喊声中惊醒。 17A.friends Bfarmers Cfathers Dpassengers 答案 D Tatiana 在船上，所以当她跑上楼后，发现所有的乘客都在甲板上。 18A.excitement Banger Csurprise Dfear 答案 A 船终于到达了美国，所以乘客们因为激动而大喊。 19A.showed Badmitted Creported Drealized 答案 D 船到美国了，Tatiana 意识到自己很快就要见到家人了。 20A.smiles Bcries Creplies Dquestions 答案 B Tatiana 意识到自己很快就要见到家人，她也激动地大喊起来。