2021新版北师大版必修第二册英语Unit 5SectionⅠ教学知识细解码 同步讲解.doc

1、1/12 1erupt vi.爆发，喷发eruption n爆发 2 crowd n 人群； 一伙人； 群众； v.挤满； 使拥挤； 涌上(心头) crowded adj.拥挤的；挤满人的 3shock v使震惊；使惊愕 n震惊；惊愕；令人震惊的事；休克shocked adj.感到震惊的shocking adj.令人震惊的，令人惊愕的 4 survive vi.& vt.活下来； 幸存survivor n 幸存者； 幸免者survival n 幸 存，幸免 5frighten v使害怕，使受惊frightened adj.受惊的，害怕的frightening adj.令人害怕的 6horror

2、 n震惊；恐惧；厌恶horrible adj.可怕的，吓人的，令人恐惧的 horribly adv.可怕地；吓人地；令人恐惧地 7curious adj.好奇的curiosity n好奇，好奇心 8observe vt.观察；庆祝；遵守observation n观察，观察结果 equal adj.(大小、数量、价值等)相同的；平等的；同等的；(力气、勇气、能 力等)相当的； 能胜任的 n.同等的人； 相等物 v.(大小、 数量、 价值等)与相等， 等于；比得上；敌得过；导致；结果为 Research and teaching are of equal importance. 同等的 Men a

3、lso share the equal right to chase fashion. 平等的 I hope that he proves equal to the job. 能胜任的 She treats the people who work for her as her equals. 同等的人 This achievement is unlikely ever to be equaled. 比得上 Words and Phrases 知识要点1 come to ones mind 某人想起 (教材 P28) What comes to your mind when you see th

4、e word “nature”？ 当你看到单词“nature”时，你想到了什么？ 2/12 例 1 I think I shall tell you a little story which just came to my mind. 我想，我可以告诉各位一个我刚想到的小故事。 例 2 Seeing the photo，the wonderful time they spent together came to his mind. 看到相片，他便想起了他们一起度过的好时光。 造句 但是错过比赛的想法从来没在我脑海中出现。 Yet the thought of missing the game

5、never even came to my mind. 知识拓展 keep/bear.in mind 记住 absence/out of mind 心不在焉 find ones mind on 把注意力集中在 即学即练 We should all keep in mind the concept of “We” and practice it. Repeated failures have driven him out of his mind. 知识要点2 comment n评论；意见 vt.& vi.发表意见，评论 例 1 You really cant comment until you

6、know the facts. 你真的不能在你知道事实之前进行评论。 例 2 Theres been no comment so far from the police about the allegations. 到目前为止还没有来自警方的对那些指控的任何解释。 造句 他在阿姆斯特丹的记者招待会上发表了意见。 He made his comments at a news conference in Amsterdam. 知识拓展 (1)comment on/upon 对作出评价 (2)comment n. 评价 make comments on/upon 对作出评价 no comment 无

7、可奉告 即学即练 He did not comment on what I said. He made no comment on our proposal. They asked for comments on the new plan. 3/12 知识要点3 shock vt.使震惊；使难以置信 n.震惊 (教材 P29)The two students were shocked at the lecture on nature. 这两个学生被关于自然的演讲震惊了。 例 1 The news of my promotion came as a shock. 我获晋升的消息着实让我一惊。 例

8、 2 It shocks you when something like that happens. 发生那样的事情，你会难以置信。 造句 救援人员被眼前的景象惊呆了。 Relief workers were shocked by what they saw. 知识拓展 (1)to ones shock 令某人震惊的是 It shocks sb.to do sth. 令某人害怕/震惊的是 (2)shocked adj. 震惊的 be shocked at 对震惊 (3)shocking adj. 令人震惊的 即学即练 I was shocked at seeing her smoking. I

9、 was shocked to see(see) her smoking. To my shock，such an attack should happen in this school. I am sorry for having asked him.I was shocked(shock) at his refusal. 小片段填空 To my shock，he refused my offer.When I met him again，I was shocked at his situation.It is shocking that he lost all his possession

10、 in such a short time. 知识要点4 survive vi.幸存；生存下来 vt.幸免于；从中生还 (教材 P30) A fisherman is trying to survive a storm. 一个渔民正试图从风暴中幸存下来。 例 1 My people have survived 400 years of slavery. 我的人民族从 400 年的奴隶制中挺了过来。 例 2 All the trees planted last year have survived. 4/12 去年栽的树全都活了。 造句 他在事故中没受伤，真是(不幸中的)大幸！ He was v

11、ery lucky to have survived the accident unhurt! 知识拓展 (1)survive sth. 在中幸免于难，挺过 survive (from sth.) (从中)存活下来/留存下来 survive(on sth.) (靠)存活 survive as sth. 作为继续存在 survive sb.by.years 比某人多活了年 (2)survivor n. 幸存者 survival n. 幸存，幸免 即学即练 Harry survived his wife by three months. A plane crashed yesterday，and

12、there were no survivors (survive) Amys only chance of survival(survive) was a liver transplant. 知识要点5 frightened adj.受惊的，害怕的 (教材 P31) The moment I heard the word I became very frightened 我一听到那个词，我变得非常害怕。 例 1 She was frightened that the plane would crash. 她害怕飞机会坠毁。 例 2 Miriam was too frightened to te

13、ll her family what had happened. 米丽娅姆太害怕了以至于不敢告诉家人发生了什么事。 造句 她担心玻璃会破碎。 She was frightened that the glass would break. 知识拓展 (1)frightened adj. 感到害怕的 be frightened at. (听到)吓了一跳 be frightened of sb.(sth.) 害怕某人/某事 (2)frightening adj. 令人惊恐的；骇人的 (3)frighten v. 使惊恐，使害怕 5/12 frighten sb.into(out of)doing st

14、h. 吓得某人(不)做某事 即学即练 They frightened the old lady into signing(sign) the paper. Dont be frightened(frighten) of making mistakes when you speak English. 名师点津 由过去分词或现在分词转化来的形容词，是分词形容词。这些词已失去了动 词的性质，大多数可被副词 very 或 too 修饰，有的还有比较级和最高级，故称为 分词形容词。v.ing 形式，意为“令人的”，多指事物；v.ed 形式，意为 “感到的”，多用于指人。 知识要点6 calm adj.镇

15、静的；沉着的 v使平衡 (教材 P31) I felt calmer than when we were moving towards it. 我感到比我们朝它移动时更镇静。 例 1 It is important to keep calm in an emergency. 情况紧急的时候，保持镇静是重要的。 例 2 Have some tea；itll calm your nerves. 喝点茶吧，这会使你紧张的神经松弛下来。 造句 镇静点，告诉我出了什么事。 Try to keep calm and just tell me what happened 知识拓展 (1)keep/remai

16、n calm 保持冷静 (2)calm down 平静下来 calm oneself down 使某人自己镇静下来 (3)calmly adv. 平静地 calmness n. 平静 即学即练 He is terribly excited.We must try to calm him down The television announcer read the news calmly(calm) Do not have a drink or take drugs to calm yourself(you) down. 明辨异同 6/12 calm “镇静的；沉着的”，指无风浪或者人的心情不激

17、动。 quiet “安静的；宁静的”，指无声音，不吵闹或者心里没有烦恼或焦虑。 still “不动的；静止的”，指无动作或运动的状态。 silent “寂静的；沉默的，无语的”，指没有声音或不讲话。 小片段填空 When facing danger，one should keep calm；when someone else is asleep， one should keep quiet；in class，one shouldnt keep silent about the teachers questions. 知识要点7 curious adj.好奇的；好打听的 (教材 P31) Aft

18、er a while，I became curious about the whirlpool itself. 过了一会儿，我开始对漩涡本身感到好奇。 例 1 Everyone was curious about why Mark was leaving. 马克为什么要离去，大家都感到好奇。 例 2 He is such a curious boy，always asking questions. 他是个如此好奇的男孩，总是爱问问题。 造句 人们聚拢过来，很想知道发生了什么事情。 People gathered round，curious to know what is happening.

19、知识拓展 (1)be curious about 对感到好奇 be curious to do sth. 渴望做某事 be curious that. 对感到好奇 (2)curiosity n. 好奇心；求知欲 from/out of curiosity 出于好奇 meet/satisfy ones curiosity 满足某人的好奇心 with curiositycuriously 奇怪地；好奇地 即学即练 Tenyson became very curious about what had happened to the elderly couple. Its very curious t

20、hat she left without saying goodbye. The boy opened the box out of curiosity(curious) 知识要点8 recognise vt.辨认出；承认；认可 7/12 (教材 P31) The fishermen were my old friends，but they were unable to recognise me. 渔民们是我的老朋友，但他们没能认出我来。 例 1 I had already recognised the voice. 我早已听出了这个声音。 例 2 When I went there，one

21、of my real brothers recognised me. 当我前往那里时，我的一个亲生兄弟认出了我。 造句 谁也没意识到形势有多么紧急。 Nobody recognised how urgent the situation was. 知识拓展 (1)recognise sb./sth.as. 承认是 be recognised as. 被公认为 recognise that. 承认；意识到 (2)recognition n. 认识；认出 beyond recognition 认不出来 即学即练 Everyone recognised him as the lawful heir.

22、It was recognised(recognise) that this solution could only be temporary. At last，her fathers work has received popular recognition(recognise) 知识要点9 turn ones back (on sb./sth.)对置之不理，对撒手不管 (教材 P102).and finally turned its back on us. 最后对我们撒手不管。 例 1 Did you really turn your back on his invitation? 你真的

23、拒绝了他的邀请吗？ 例 2 He turned his back on me and refused to lend me any money when I lost my job. 当我失去我的工作的时候，他根本不肯帮忙，一分钱都不愿意借给我。 造句 每次我向你求助你都不理不睬，为什么？ Every time I ask you for help，you turn your back on me.Why? 知识拓展 8/12 turn against 背叛 turn around 翻身，翻转，扭转 turn down 关小，调低(声音)；拒绝 turn in 交出，上交 turn off 关

24、掉，关闭 turn on 打开，开启 turn to 向求助；转向 turn up 调大；出现，露面 turn out 结果是，生产，制造 turn over 翻身，翻阅 即学即练 She didnt answer，and turned her back on him. They turn to you because they trust you. Her name constantly turns up in art circles. At first，they had no idea it would be as hard as it turned out to be. 小片段填空 Th

25、e party was almost over，but Jane still didnt turn up.Tom was very disappointed.He didnt know why Jane didnt turn down his invitation if she didnt want to come.He turned over the bottles on the tables，and the rest guests left the hall in shock.Tom turned off all the lights in the hall.No one could im

26、agine how upset he was! Sentence Patterns 重点句式1 the moment 引导的状语从句 (教材 P31) The moment I heard the word I became very frightened. 我一听到那个词，我变得非常害怕。 句式分析：句中 the moment 相当于连词，引导时间状语从句。 例 1 The moment I got home my father went out. 我一到家，我父亲就出去了。 例 2 The moment I saw him I knew that there was no hope. 我一

27、看到他我就知道没有希望了。 9/12 造句 我一闭上眼睛就睡着了。 The moment I closed my eyes I fell asleep. 知识拓展 类似的用法还有： (1)every time，each time，the first time (2)the instant，the minute (3)immediately，directly 即学即练 The moment I see the general manager，I will tell(tell) him about the coming meeting. The first time they referred t

28、o the young pianist， I thought(think) he was a man without name. I came immediately(immediate) I heard the news. 重点句式2 how 引导的感叹句 (教材 P31) I began to think how amazing a thing it was to die in such a way，. 我开始想，以这样的方式死去是多么神奇的一件事啊， 例 1 How beautiful a girl she is! 她是个多么漂亮的姑娘啊！ 例 2 How strange a feeli

29、ng it was! 这是一种多么奇怪的感觉啊！ 造句 他们多么愚蠢啊！他们相信那个人说的话。 How foolish they were! They believed what the man said. 知识拓展 (1)How 形容词 / 副词主语谓语！ How 形容词a/an 可数名词单数主语谓语！ How 主语谓语！ (2)What a/an 形容词可数名词单数主语谓语！ What 形容词可数名词复数主语谓语！ What 形容词不可数名词主语谓语！ 10/12 即学即练 What lovely weather we are having these days! How carefull

30、y the students are listening! What fine weather it is today! 重点句式3 the more.，the more.越，越 (教材 P31) The first， the larger the bodies were， the more rapidly they fell， . 第一，物体越大，下降速度越快，. 句式分析：本句是 the more.，the more.句型，表示“越，就越”。 例 1 The higher the ground is，the thinner the air becomes. 离地面越高，空气就越稀薄。 例

31、2 The hungrier they became，the harder they worked. 他们越饿，就越努力工作。 造句 战争持续越久，那里的人们受难就越多。 The longer the war lasts, the more the people there will suffer. 知识拓展 the moreadj./adv.，the moreadj./adv. the moren.，the moren. 即学即练 The more passions we have，the more happiness we are likely to experience. The har

32、der you work，the greater(great) progress you will make. 教材 高考 1.A fisherman is trying to survive a storm. (2019 天津卷)If a predator can eat several species，it can survive the extinction(灭绝)of one of them. 2.Without waiting，I jumped into the sea to try and escape. (2019 天津卷)Yet，now that Im growing and

33、the world I once knew as being so simple is becoming more complex， I find myself needing a way to escape. .单句语法填空 1What good children they are! 11/12 2The busier he is，the happier(happy) he feels. 3It is recognised(recognise) that Jane is the most intelligent girl among us. 4Liz picked up the blue e

34、nvelope and turned it over curiously(curious) 5I know it must be a frightening(frighten) experience for you. 6They may hate what he does but their survival(survive) depends on him. 7I need your help；please dont turn your back on me. 8Everyone in the street was shocked(shock) when they heard the news

35、. 9She accidentally stepped on his foot on a crowded(crowd) train. 10We have not seen the letter，so we can hardly comment on it. .短语填空 after a while；in the face of；in the end；turn ones back on；adapt from；in the direction of 1In the end，we all decided to organize a concert for Easter. 2I turned to my

36、 father for help，but he turned his back on me. 3We must strengthen our unity in the face of powerful enemies. 4They wandered off in the direction of the nearest store. 5His music is difficult to listen to，but after a while it starts to grow on you. 6This text is adapted from a story in Chinese liter

37、ature. .课文语法填空 It may seem strange.When we were on the edge of the whirlpool，I felt 1.calmer(calm) than when we were moving towards it.We went round and round， nearer and nearer to the horrible edge of the whirlpool.2.Suddenly(sudden)，we went over the edge.I thought my life 3.was(be) over.But I was

38、still safe.The boat was on the inside of the huge whirlpool 4.and we were going round in circles at great speed.I saw 5.clearly(clear)there were other objects in the whirlpool.I noticed that the heavier objects went down more quickly than the smaller，lighter ones.So I tied myself to a barrel to help

39、 me float.I tried to make my brother understand，but he was 6.terrified(terrify) and stayed in the heavy boat.Without waiting， I dived into the sea to try and escape. I 7.did (do)escape at last.Some time 8.after I left the boat，with my brother in it， 12/12 it 9.sank(sink) into the bottom of the whirlpool.10.Then the sky was clear，the wind calmer and the moon was shining.In the end，a boat picked me up.I got safe.