（2021新教材）牛津译林版必修第三册英语Unit 1 预习新知早知道 学案.doc

1、1 .匹配词义 A单词匹配 ( )1.soil An.昆虫 ( )2.continent Bn.地区，区域；行政区 ( )3.million Cprep.在下面， 在下方；配不上 ( )4.species Dn.营养素，营养物 ( )5.nutrient En.土壤；国土，领土，土地 ( )6.wildlife Fn.种，物种 ( )7.beneath Gn.野生动植物，野生生物 ( )8.extinction Hn.大陆，陆地，洲 ( )9.insect Inum.一百万；许多，大量 ( )10.region Jn.灭绝，绝种 答案 15 EHIFD 610 GCJAB B.短语匹配 ( )

2、1.in turn A逐渐增加，扩大 ( )2.break down B相应地，转而 ( )3.breathe life into C由于，因为 ( )4.due to D使分解(为)，使变化(成) ( )5.build up E给带来起色，注入活力 ( )e up with F摆脱，丢弃，扔掉 ( )7.call for G使发生(或存在) ( )8.spring to mind H(公开)要求；需要 ( )9.get rid of I想出，想到 ( )10.give rise to J突然记起(或想到) 答案 15 BDECA 610 IHJFG .默写单词 2 1harm n& vt.

3、伤害，损害 2length n. 长，长度；时间的长短； 篇幅，(电影)片长 3variety n. 不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体 4survive vi. 生存，存活 vt. 幸存，幸免于难 5thus adv. 因此，从而；这样 6disappear vi. 不复存在，灭绝，消亡； 消失；失踪 7agriculture n. 农业，农学 8impact n. 影响，作用；撞击；冲撞 vi.& vt. 有影响；冲击 9damage vt.& n. 损害，伤害，损坏，破坏 10climate n. 气候；倾向，风气 .语境填空 absolutely；defence；nowhere；pro

4、test；profit； various；recycle；belt；former；further 1We have decided to take no further action. 2Students took to the streets to protest against the decision. 3The carpark was absolutely packed solid with people. 4There was nowhere for me to sit. 5Her father was the former editor of the Saturday Review

5、. 6The company made a healthy profit on the deal. 7Tents come in various shapes and sizes. 8She is going to recycle useful rubbish. 9We live in the commuter belt 10What points can be raised in defence of this argument. .语法填空之派生词 1He has made it absolutely(absolute)clear so you must have understood.

6、3 2A tracker(track)is a person who can find people or wild animals by following their prints. 3They have driven the rhino to the edge of extinction(extinct). 4His application(apply)for membership of the organization was rejected. 5As babies，we rely entirely(entire)on others for food. 6Hes the presid

7、ent of a large international organization(organize). 7There are conflicts between regional(region)and national interests. 8Some economic(economy)issues were discussed in the conference. 9The leaves of certain trees are poisonous(poison)to cattle. 10She earns her living (live)as a freelance journalis

8、t. 1With an area of around 6 million square kilometres，the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China. 亚马孙雨林面积约 600 万平方公里，相当于中国面积的一半以上。 2On its journey from the mountains to the ocean，the river supports many different ecosystems. 从山区流到海洋，这条河支撑着许多不同的生态系统。 3Above that is the mass of leaf li

9、tter on the dark forest floor. 在那之上是在黑暗的雨林地面上的大量落叶。 4When a jaguar dies，a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return the nutrients to the earth. 当美洲豹死亡时， 一小群微生物帮助分解它的尸体， 并将营养物质还给大地。 5Moreover，the Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species that can be used for food or medi

10、cine. 此外，亚马孙雨林还是一个有食用或药用价值的物种宝库。 词语助读 play a significant role in 起重要作用 ecosystem n.生态系统 continent n大陆，陆地；洲 4 with an area of 面积是 length n长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅，(电影)片长 one in ten 十个中有一个，十分之一 species n种，物种 water lily 睡莲 variety n不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，体 wildlife n野生动植物，野生生物 beneath prep.在下面，在下方；配不上 survive vi.生存，存活 vt

11、.幸存，幸免于难 feed on 以为食 in turn 相应地，转而 insect n昆虫 break down 使分解(为)，使变化(成) nutrient n营养素，营养物 breathe life into 给带来起色，注入活力 carbon n碳 oxygen n氧，氧气 21thus adv.因此，从而；这样 22agriculture n农业，农学 23cattle n牛 24impact n.影响，作用；撞击，冲撞 vi & vt.有影响；冲击 25in danger of 处于危险中 26extinction n灭绝，绝种 原文呈现 The Amazon rainforest

12、：a natural treasure Welcome to the jungle，a huge sea of green alive with the sounds of animals.1 This is the Amazon rainforest.As the largest rainforest in the world，it plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earths ecosystem. 5 1a huge sea of green alive with the sounds of a

13、nimals 是名词the jungle 的同位 语。 The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight countries，including Brazil and Peru， and one overseas region of France，all on the South American continent .With an area of around 6 million square kilometres，the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China.2 The Amazon R

14、iver，from which the rainforest gets its name，is close to 6，400 kilometres in length roughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River.On its journey from the mountains to the ocean，the river supports many different ecosystems.They give this area the richest biodiversity on the Earth： one in ten k

15、nown speciesin the world can be found here. 2more than half the size of China 是倍数表达法之一：“倍数the size of 被比较的对象”。 Of the 390， 000 plant species known to us， more than 40， 000 can be found in the Amazon.This tall and ancient brazil nut tree produces nuts that we can eat；these water lilies are big enough

16、 to lie down on.The forests different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife.At the bottom，there is a system of roots beneath the ground.Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor. 3The next level is made up of shorter plants with large leaves.Then there are the tower

17、ing ancient hardwoods，and finally the tops of the tallest trees many metres above the ground.Each level of the forest forms its own little world，home to different kinds of living things. 3 本句是完全倒装句，由“介词短语系动词主语”构成。 More than 1，300 species of birds and over 400 species of mammals hide among the jungle

18、s plant life.This jaguar is one example.It has a yellowishbrown coat with black spots.While a significant number of jaguars survive here，they are only one element of this forests food chain.They feed on at least 87 species，including frogs.These frogs，in turn，feed on insects which eat leaves and frui

19、t.When a jaguar dies，a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return the nutrients to the earth. The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by fixing carbon and 6 producing over 20 per cent of all the Earths oxygen.Thus 21 ， it is often known as the “lungs of the planet”

20、Moreover， the Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species that can be used for food or medicine.Yet there is one major danger to these irreplaceable plants and animals：us.Over the past 50 years，about 17 per cent of the rainforest has disappeared due to human activities such as agriculture 22 an

21、d cattle 23 farming. 4 As the impact 24 of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of 25 extinction 26 becomes longer，we are left with a question：can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”？ 4 时间状语为“Over the past 50 years”，主句用现在完成时态。 译文参考 亚马孙雨林：自然宝库 欢迎来到丛林，这是一片绿色的海

22、洋，到处都是动物的声音。这是亚马孙雨 林。 作为世界上最大的热带雨林，它在维持地球生态系统的良好平衡方面发挥着 重要作用。 亚马孙雨林横跨南美大陆的八个国家，包括巴西、秘鲁以及法属圭亚那。亚 马孙雨林面积约 600 万平方公里，相当于中国面积的一半以上。亚马孙河接近 6 400 公里长，比长江大约还长 100 公里，亚马孙雨林便是由其得名。从山区流到 海洋，这条河支撑着许多不同的生态系统。它们使这个地区拥有地球上最丰富的 生物多样性：世界上已知的物种有十分之一在这里能够被发现。 在我们已知的 39 万种植物中，有 4 万多种能在亚马孙雨林中找到。高大而 古老的巴西坚果树出产我们可以吃的坚果；这

23、些睡莲大得可以让人躺在上面。雨 林的不同层次使种类多到难以置信的野生动植物得以生存。在底部，有一个地表 下的根系。在那之上是在黑暗的雨林地面上的大量落叶。再往上的一层是长着大 叶的较矮的植物。然后是高耸而古老的阔叶树，最后是离地面好几米高的阳光照 射的树梢。雨林的每一层都形成了自己的小世界，是各种生物的家园。 1 300 多种鸟类和 400 多种哺乳动物藏身于亚马孙雨林的植物中。这只美洲 豹就是一个例子。它长着一身带黑色斑点的黄褐色的皮毛。尽管相当多的美洲豹 在这里生存， 但它们只是这个雨林食物链的一个要素。它们以包括青蛙在内的至 少 87 种动物为食。这些青蛙转而以昆虫为食，而昆虫则吃树叶和水果。当美洲 豹死亡时，一小群微生物帮助分解它的尸体，并将营养物质还给大地。 7 亚马孙雨林能固定碳， 而且产生的氧气超过全球总量的 20%， 从而使得地球 生生不息。因此，它经常被称为“地球之肺”。此外，亚马孙雨林还是一个有食 用或药用价值的物种宝库。 然而， 这些不能替代的动植物面临着一个主要的危险： 我们人类。在过去的 50 年里，由于农耕和养牛等人类活动，大约 17%的雨林消 失了。 人类活动的影响不断增大， 濒危物种名单越来越长， 这留给我们一个问题： 我们能承担得起损伤“地球之肺”的后果吗