2021届高考英语二轮复习10：时政新闻+阅读理解C（学案+答案）.docx

1、时政新闻时政新闻+ +阅读理解阅读理解 C C 学习目标：学习目标：1.了解时政内容 2.扩充阅读词汇，增强理解能力； 引入： Translation:Translation: 1 除非我们保持快速的经济增长，否则我们无法缩小我国与发达国家的差距。 （maintain） We cant narrow / wont be able to bridge the gap between our country and developed countries unless we maintain fast economic growth. 2. 虽然他已制订了不玩游戏的目标，我想他很难改掉这个坏习惯，

2、因为他打网络游戏有瘾。 （obsessively） Though he has set a game-avoiding target, I think it difficult for him to get rid of the bad habit because he plays online games obsessively. 3. 只要目的明确、努力工作，你所做的贡献迟早会得到承认。 （recognize） As long as you are purposeful and hardworking, your contribution will be recognized sooner

3、 or later. 4. 虽然目标未达到，但是一个良好的基础已经奠定，因为能源节约问题受到前所未有的关 注。 （unprecedented） Though the goal was not achieved, a good foundation has been laid with unprecedented attention paid to energy conversation. 5. 为了迎合公众的需求，室内体育馆将在老房子被拆迁掉的地方新建。 （the public） To cater to / To meet the needs of the public, an indoor

4、stadium will be built where old houses have been pulled down. 6. 虽然做志愿者意味着没有收入，但是就你从帮助别人中得到的满足而言，这工作还是很 有价值 的。 （in terms of） Though working as a volunteer means you dont get paid, the work is of great value in terms of the satisfaction you get from helping others. 7. 当我成年时，我父母除了给我更多责任外，也给了我更多自由。 （re

5、sponsibilities） When I came of age / became an adult, my parents gave me more freedom along with / besides more responsibilities. 8. 如果他开不起玩笑，那么意味着别人开他玩笑时他会生气。 （joke） If he cant take a joke, it means that he gets annoyed / he is offended when others make a joke about him. 9. 汤姆付完账单后，可开支的钱所剩无几。 （disp

6、osable） After Tom paid / settled all his bills, he did not have much disposable money left. 10. 如果你能领会老师给的有关即将来临的测验的暗示，你肯定能考出好成绩。 （hints） If you can take the hints given by your teacher about the upcoming / approaching test, you will for sure get good marks / for certain ace it. Passage 1 The Seoul

7、city government said on Tuesday it will cancel the license of the Shincheonji Church due to its responsibility in the large-scale spread of the COVID-19 in the country. According to the local government, Shincheonji is believed to be accountable for the damage it caused to the public and has decided

8、 to revoke its legal entity license by law. So far, over half of the confirmed cases in the country are related to the religious group. 由于新天地教会导致新冠肺炎大规模传播， 首尔市政府周二表示将取缔其执照。 据当地政府， 新天地教会应当承当给公众带来伤害的责任并决定吊销其执法人执照。 截止到目前为止， 韩 国过半的确诊病例均与新天地教会有关 Vocabulary and useful expressions largescale spread 大规模传播 b

9、e accountable for 对负责 revoke 撤回；取缔；吊销 legal entity license 合法人执照 passage 2 The Iranian health minister on Thursday said all schools, universities and educational institutions will remain closed until March 20 as the total number of confirmed COVID-19 cases rose to 3,513 in the country, Iranian state

10、 TV reported. 伊朗卫生部门周四表示所有的中小学，大学及培训机构将停课至 3 月 20 日。伊朗国家电视 台报道伊朗境内新冠肺炎确诊数量已经增加至 3513 例。 remain closed until March 20 停课至 3 月 20 日 total number of 总数量为. 知识点知识点 1 1： 考题类型总结考题类型总结 阅读理解常考题型和解题技巧归纳阅读理解常考题型和解题技巧归纳 1 1、主旨题、主旨题 解题关键： 1）通读全文，重视首段，注意每段第一句话（尤其是论述性或说明性文章）注意每段第一句话（尤其是论述性或说明性文章） ； 2) 归纳文章的段落大意，把握

11、文章总体； 3） （记叙文）重视重要情节、人物及事物特征； 4）注意观察，找准贯穿上下文的关键词汇； 5）重视题干中的关键词汇：main idea, the best title, the writer mainly wants to tell (or: show)。 2 2、推断题、推断题 I. 常见的推理判断题的设问方式： 推测作者写作目的或意图的设题形式有： 1) The purpose in writing this text is to _. 2) The author writes this passage to _. 3) The author in this passage i

12、ntends to _. 推测文章的观点或结论的设题形式有： 1) It can be inferred from the passage that _. 2) What conclusion can be drawn from the passage? 3) From the passage we can conclude that _. 推断文章出处的设题形式有： 1) The passage is most likely to be taken from_. 2) Where would this passage most probably appear? 3) The passage

13、is most likely a part of_. 是非判断题的设题方式： 1) which of the following is（not）true or false ? 2) All of the following statements are wrong except _. 3) All of the following statements are right/true except _. 4) Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage /text? II. 推理判断题的推理原则-在文中有依据，但不能是原句，在文中

14、有依据，但不能是原句， 即为言外之意！即为言外之意！细节类表述 非答案。 3 3、词义推测题、词义推测题 考查根据材料背景和上下文等线索推测词、 句的确切含义的能力。 这类试题包括对生词 生义的推测、熟词生义的推测、以及对 it/they/them 等代词的确指对象的判断等。 基本的技巧： 1. 根据词或词组的指代对象确定其词义 2. 根据文段中出现的同义、近义或反义词（词组）的意思进行判断 3. 根据下文的举例或解释推测词义 4. 根据逻辑关系进行判断 5. 根据同位结构进行判断 6. 根据句子结构进行判断 7. 根据构词法猜词义 4 4、细节题、细节题 细节题的解题要点是一定要对应到语篇中

15、相应的语句，找到问题的出处。 “找到即做到”“找到即做到” 是细节题的解题秘钥。是细节题的解题秘钥。 知识点知识点 2 2： 长难句结构分析最新经典句 1. The American economic system is. organized around a basically private-enterprise, market-oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced byspending their money in the marketplace for those goo

16、ds and services that they want most. 参考译文美国的经济是以基本的私有企业和市场导向经济为架构的，在这种经济中，消费 者很大程度上通过在市场上为那些他们最想要的货品和服务付费来决定什么应该被制造出 来。 2. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maxim

17、ize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it. 参考译文因此，在美国的经济体系中，个体消费者的需求与商人试图最大化其利润的欲望 和个人想最大化其收入效用的欲望相结合， 一起决定了什么应该被制造， 以及资源如何被用 来制造它们。 3. If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend t

18、o increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product. 参考译文另一方面，如果大量制造某种商品导致其成本下降，那么这就有可能增加卖方和 制造商能提供的供给，而这也就会反过来降低价格并允许更多的消费者购买产品。 4. In the American economy, the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership

19、 of productive resources but also certain rights, including the right to determine the price of a product or? ?to make a free contract with another private individual. 参考译文在美国经济中，私有财产的概念不仅包含对生产资源的所有权，也指其他一些特 定的权利，如确定一个产品价格和与另一个私人个体(经济单位)自由签定合同的权利。 5. At the same time these computers record which hou

20、rs are busiest and which employers are the most efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made accordingly. And they also identify preferred customers for promotional campaigns. 参考译文同时这些计算机记录下哪些时间是最忙的，哪些员工工作效率最高，这样就能相 应地做出人员人事安排。而且它们(计算机)也能为促销活动找到那些拥有优先权的顾客。 6. Numerous other comm

21、ercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the use of computers. 参考译文不计其数的其他商业企业，从剧院到杂志出版商，从公用燃气电力设施到牛奶处 理厂，都通过计算机的使用给消费者带来更好、更有效率的服务。 7. Exceptional children are differen

22、t in some significant way from others of the same age For these children to develop to their full adult potential, their education must be adapted to those differences. 参考译文残疾儿童在许多关键方面都与其同龄人不同。为了让这些孩子发展其全部的成人 后的潜能，他们的教育必须适应这些不同。 8. The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education

23、 over the past three?decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever their special?conditions, deserve? ?the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities. 参考译文在过去的 30 年中，公共教育中显示的对残疾儿童的巨大关注表明了我们社会中 的一种中强烈的情绪，那就是所有的公民，不管其情况有多特殊，都应享有充分发展其能力 的机会。 9. It serves directly

24、to assist a rapid distribution of goods at reasonable price, thereby establishing a firm home market and so making it possible to provide for export at?competitive prices. 参考译文它(广告)能够直接帮助货物以比较合理的价格被迅速分销出去， 因此可以(使公司) 建立一个坚固的国内市场，同时也使以具有竞争力的价格提供出口变得可能。 10. Apart from the fact that twenty-seven acts of

25、 Parliament govern the terms of advertising, no regular advertiser dare promote a product that fails to live up to the promise of his advertisements. 参考译文除去议会有 27 件法案来规范广告的条件，没有任何一个正式的广告商敢于推销 一种商品却不能兑现其在广告中的承诺。 （2）解题思路 能力培养能力培养如何提高阅读速度如何提高阅读速度 理解的正确率和速度是阅读成败的关键，提高英语阅读速度可从以下几方面入手： 1 1、统览全篇摘要点统览全篇摘要点

26、阅读理解是对整个文章的目的、意图、观点、立场、态度以及内在的逻辑关系的理解， 而不是断章取义的一孔之见。 在统览全篇的同时要注意要点的摘录， 因为一些显性的答案是 可以从要点中直接回答，而隐性的答案则是要通过对全篇的理解才能得出。统览全篇，摘录 要点亦有利于检查时节省时间。 2 2、注重长注重长难难句理解句理解 遇到长句、复杂句，如果分析好句子成分，找到中心句、关键词、指代词等，这个问题 就会被很好地解决。难句多为长句，即主从复合句、主从并列复合句或者从句中有多种形式 的定语、状语，有时伴有倒装、省略等现象。长句中通常包含并列、复合、倒装等结构，对 于这类句子要分清主次，先找主干。 例如：Pa

27、rents whose children show a special interest in a particular sport have a difficult decision to make about their childrens career. 先找出本句的主、 谓、 宾为 . 再找出修饰语“whose children show a special interest in a particular sport”为 的定语从句，形容词“difficult”修 饰 ， “to make about their childrens careers”为不定式和介词短语做 的定语。经过

28、分析，化整为零，化繁为简，此句就不难理解了。 3 3、分门别类识文体分门别类识文体 阅读速度与其话题有很大的关系。如果话题是自己熟悉的内容，阅读速度自然加快；反 之，如果话题如果陌生，阅读速度便会很慢。所以扩大知识面，多掌握一些文化背景知识， 了解当今英语国家历史文化、 人物传记、 科技教育等方面的社会知识对提高阅读速度是极其 重要的。 不同文体阅读的要求与方法不尽相同。记叙文阅读主要抓四大要素，即时间、地点、人 物和事件的起因、发展和结果，以及人物之间的关系、表现，从中分析他们思想品质、性格 特征等； 议论文是阐明作者对人或事的好坏的立场观点， 因此在阅读时必须正确把握文章的 论点和论据，理

29、清论证思路，再进行逻辑推理得出结论；应用文是最贴近日常生活的文体， 它包括通知、广告、便条、申请书、个人简历，形式多样，题材各异，如图示、表格、地址、 网址等，对这类文体的阅读应简明扼要地抓住所需信息，理解文章内容。 4 4、利用词缀猜、利用词缀猜词意词意 高中英语学科教学基本要求规定： 学生能根据上下文推测词义， 并能不借助词典读懂含 有 3%生词的语言材料。换言之，这就是促使知识内化的过程，要通过知识内化将内隐的心 理活动转换为外显的行为。 根据构词法猜测词意： 前缀 un-表反义词，如 happy、unhappy，fair、unfair，important、unimportant 等。

30、后缀-ment 表名词，如 develop、development，state、statement，argue、argument 等。 后缀-er、-or 或-ist 表同源名词，如 calculate、calculator，visit、visitor，law、lawyer， wait、waiter，science、scientist，art、artist 等。 5 5、限时训练限时训练不可少不可少 任何一种技能的获得都必须经过大量的实践练习。 在平时的阅读训练中， 要注重进行限 时阅读训练，在平时的训练中有意识地锻炼自己的阅读速度。 另外，在做题时，从整体上把握、控制时间：一两处没弄懂的地方

31、可以暂时搁置一边， 等把全部题答完了，再回过头来处理，往往会产生新的思路和新的灵感。 1 1，天文与科技，天文与科技 (C)(C) A group of college students is hoping to place a satellite powered only by water into an orbit (轨道) around the moon. The students are from Cornell University in the state of New York. They are taking part in a competition called the C

32、ube Quest Challenge. It is a program of NASA, the American space agency. The Cornell team is called the CisLunar Explorers. The word cislunar means “between the earth and the moon.” The challenge is simple: to design, build and deliver “light-qualified, small satellites.” NASA officials say the sate

33、llites must be able to perform “advanced operations near and beyond the moon.” Ten teams are taking part in the competition. But the CisLunar Explorer satellites are different. They are the only ones using water to power their spacecraft. The idea for a water-powered vehicle came from Mason Peck, wh

34、o works at Cornell University. He once worked as NASAs chief technologist. He has always wanted to use something other than rockets to push spacecraft beyond earth. “A lot of the mass we send into orbit these days is in the form of rockets - the only way we get anything into space,” he said, in a Co

35、rnell press release. “But what if we could use whats already there? If we could do that, if we could re-fuel spacecraft while they are already in space.” The spacecraft is shaped like the English letter L. It measures about 30 centimeters in length, and the two pieces are connected. Water is stored

36、in the lower part of the satellite. The sun will separate the water into two elements: hydrogen and oxygen. When one combines hydrogen and oxygen with a spark（火花）, an explosion results. This provides a forward movement, known as thrust. The CisLunar Explorer team has an unusual way to guide its spac

37、ecraft. The idea is to copy how old-time sailors used the moon, sun and stars to fix their position on the oceans. The satellite is equipped with cameras. The cameras will take pictures of the sun, the earth and the moon and compare their positions and their sizes. Based on where the sun, moon and e

38、arth are at any given time, the CisLunar Explorers will do the mathematics to find their position. The competition is being held in four parts. The Cornell team has been among the top three competitors during parts one and two. The winners of the third stage will be announced in about a month. The f

39、inal three winners will be announced in early 2017. They will get to ride on NASAs space launch system in early 2018. 63. The essential part of the competition the Cube Quest Challenge is_ . A. toTaunch a satellite to take a watery flight to the moon B. to design, build and deliver a small and fligh

40、t-qualified satellite C. to place a satellite powered only by water into an orbit around the moon D. to make the satellite perform advanced operations near and beyond the moon 64. What does Mason Peck want to do at Cornell University according to the passage? A. To stop using rockets for the sake of

41、 safety. B. To use something already in space as power. C. To try using water in space to push spacecraft. D. To design a water-powered vehicle to push spacecraft. 65. It can be inferred from the passage that_. A. there is a lot of rubbish of rockets and satellites in the orbit these days B. a water

42、-powered satellite will soon be sent into the orbit around the moon C. the explosion of the combination of hydrogen and oxygen provides power D. the team members of the CisLunar Explorers are the students of Mason Peck 66. What would be the best title of the passage? A. A Spacecraft Powered by Water

43、 B. A Water-Powered Flight to the Moon C. A Competition for Water-Powered Satellite D. A Design of Water-Powered Space Journey DBCA (C)(C) On December 14, NASA (National Aeronautics and Space) blasted a small but mighty telescope into space. The telescope is called WISE and is about as wide around a

44、s a trashcan. Dont let its small size fool you: WISE has a powerful digital camera, and it will be taking pictures of some the wildest objects in the known universe, including asteroids, faint stars, blazing galaxies3 and giant clouds of dust where planets and stars are born. “Im very excited becaus

45、e were going to be seeing parts of the universe that we havent seen before,” said Ned Wright, a scientist who directs the WISE project. Since arriving in space, the WISE telescope has been circling the Earth, held by gravity in a polar orbit( this means it crosses close to the north and south poles

46、with each lap(一 圈). Its camera is pointed outward, away from the Earth, and WISE will snap a picture of a different part of the sky every 11 minutes. After six months it will have taken pictures across the entire sky. The pictures taken by WISE wont be like everyday digital photographs, however. WIS

47、E stands for “Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer. ” As its name suggests, the WISE camera takes pictures of features that give off infrared radiation. Radiation is energy that travels as a wave. Visible light, including the familiar spectrum of Light(光谱) that becomes visible in a rainbow, is an exa

48、mple of radiation. When an ordinary digital camera takes a picture of a tree, for example, it receives the waves of visible light that are reflected off the tree. When these waves enter the camera through the lens, theyre processed by the camera, which then puts the image together. Waves of infrared

49、 radiation are longer than waves of visible light, so ordinary digital cameras dont see them, and neither do the eyes of human beings. Although invisible to the eye, longer infrared radiation can be detected as warmth by the skin. Thats a key idea to why WISE will be able to see things other telesco

50、pes cant. Not everything in the universe shows up in visible light. Asteroids, for example, are giant rocks that float through space but they absorb most of the light that reaches them. They dont reflect light, so theyre difficult to see. But they do give off infrared radiation, so an infrared teles