人教版九年级英语Unit 1知识点学案.doc

1、1 Unit 1 How can we become good friends? 课文知识点 1.by doing sth.表示通过某种方式、方法或手段，此时 by 短语用作状语。 注： “by+n.(前无冠词)”也可用来表示方式或手段，尤其用于表示运输或取道的方式。 eg:By working hard I made great progress this term. May I pay by bank card? 注：by 的其他用法 by+地名“靠近；在旁边”表示位置。 by+交通工具“乘坐”表示使用的交通方式。 by+时间“在之前，不迟于”表示时间 by+the+身体部位或其他表示物体

2、的名词，表示抓住身体或某物的一个部位。 区别：in,by,with in 表示用语言材料、语调、颜色、笔墨等。 by 表示用某种方式、方法、手段或使用某种交通工具。 with 表示用某种具体、有形的工具或以某物填充、覆盖等。 练习： ( )1.How do you learn English so well? _ chatting with my uncle in America online. A.For B.by C.In D.With ( )2.How do you improve your English? _ listening to tapes. A.With B.About C.

3、By D.Im ( )3.You can improve your English _ practicing more. A.by B.with C.of D.in ( )4._ did you get the news about the terrible accident? By searching the news on the Internet. A.Why B.Where C.When D.How ( )5.The man makes a living _ teaching. A.without B.with C.by D.for 2.What about(doing)sth.=Ho

4、w about(doing)sth.“怎么样？”用于征求对方的意见、看法 或建议，后跟名词、代词或动名词。 练习： ( )1._ playing football now? Sorry,I have quite a lot of homework to do. A.Why not B.What about C.Why dont you D.Shall we ( )2._ studying with a group? Good idea. A.Would you like B.Why not C.Why dont you D.What about ( )3.What about _ the Pi

5、ngpong club. A.to join B.to take part in C.joining D.join 3.aloud adv.“出声地，大声地”的用法 eg:She read the story aloud to the children. 区别：aloud,loudly,loud aloud adv.“出声地，大声地”指为了让人听见而出声，常与 read,call,cry 等连用，没有“喧 2 闹”之意。 loudly adv.“高声地”多含有“嘈杂、喧闹”之意，有时也含有有目的地提高音量，以便让 人听到之意，常修饰 shout,knock 等。 loud adj. “响亮的，

6、大声的” adv. “响亮地，大声地，高声地”指说话声或笑声响亮而不 吵闹，常用于动词 speak,talk,sing,laugh 等。 练习： ( )1.You should not speak so _ .Theyre doing their homework now. Sorry,I wont do that again. A.loud B.aloud C.noisy D.louder ( )2._ !We have only three minutes left. A.Slowly B.Hardly C.Quickly D.Loudly ( )3.Talking _ in a libr

7、ary is impolite. In fact,we should also take care not to cough or sneeze loudly in public. A.loudly B.quickly C.clear D.quiet 4.it 作形式主语、形式宾语的用法 当不定式短语或从句作主语或宾语时，通常用 it 作形式主语、形式宾语，而把真正的主语、 宾语放在后面。 eg:Its too hard to understand spoken English. 练习： ( )1.Trying singing some English songs,and youll find

8、 it interesting _ a foreign language. A.learning B.learns C.learn D.to learn ( )2.I found _ very difficult to learn maths well. A.what B.it C.that D.this ( )3._ is wrong to copy other students homework. A.This B.That C.It D.There ( )4._ seems that Jane knows the bad news. A.That B.This C.It D.She (

9、)5.I find _ hard to learn English well. A.this B.it C.that D.they ( )6.I find _ exciting to talk with the old man. A.that B.this C.it D.these ( )7.Its very convenient _ us to buy train tickets now because we can buy them either from the station or on the Internet. A.to B.of C.by D.for 5.too.to.句型可与

10、so.that(否定).或 not.enough to do 句型互换。 eg:The boy is too young to go to school.=The boy is so young that he cant go to school.=The boy isnt old enough to go to school. 练习： 1.He is too young to look after himself.=He is _ young _ he cant look after himself.=He isnt _ _ _ look after himself. ( )2.The fi

11、lm Kung Fu Pandais _ interesting _ I would like to see it again. A.too;to B.so;that C.such;that D.enough;to ( )3.Mrs.Wang was so _ that she couldnt stop _ . A.excited;cry B.excited;crying C.exciting;crying D.exciting;to cry 3 6.have to情态动词“必须，不得不”的用法 have to 后跟动词原形，强调由于客观原因而使主语必须做某事。 另外，must“必须” ，强调

12、主观上必须做某事。 eg:Its getting dark.I have to go home now. 练习： ( )1.I cant stop smoking,doctor. For your health,I am afraid you _ . A.may B.can C.have to D.need ( )2.Its getting late.I _ go home. A.must B.have to C.must have to D.need ( )3.Dad,must we wait until the light becomes green? Yes,Im afraid we _

13、 .Thats the traffic rules. A.can B.may C.have to D.need 7.“The+比较句，the+比较句.”句型，意为越，越。 eg:The harder you study,the better grades you will get. The more he gets,the more he wants. The more she learns,the more she wants to learn. 练习： ( )1.The more you smile,the _ youll feel. A.happy B.happier C.happily

14、 D.more happily ( )2.The doctor told me not to eat too much,but I find it difficult. The doctor is right._ you eat,_ you will be. A.The less;the healthier B.The less;the more healthier C.The more;the healthier D.The more;the more healthier Section B 1.疑问词+to do：当从句主语与其逻辑主语一致时，可用疑问词+to do 结构。在句中常用作 主

15、语、宾语、表语。 eg:I dont know what to do.(=I dont know what I should do.) How to use the computer is a question.(=How I should use the computer is a question.) 练习： ( )1.Boys and girls,attention,please.Now let me tell you _ to the Bird Island. A.how to get B.what to get C.whom to get D.where to get ( )2. I

16、 dont know how to _ the word phenomenon. Can you help me, John? -No problem. A. pronounce B. tell C. talk D. speak 2.mistaken.C“错误，过失”vt.“错认，误认” “误解，弄错” 短语： make a mistake 犯错误 by mistake 错误地，由于疏忽做错了 mistake.for.把错当成 区别：mistake,wrong,fault mistake 指日常生活中判断或看法的错误。 wrong 指坏事、冤屈、不道德、犯罪等。 fault 强调过失、责任或性

17、格上的弱点。 练习： 4 ( )1.Tom was so careless that he often _ the exam. A.make mistake of B.makes mistakes in C.made mistakes in D.made mistakes of ( )2.She put some salt in her cup of tea _ ,so she had to pour herself another cup. A.by accident B.by mistake C.on purpose D.in common 3.动词不定式作后置定语 动词不定式作后置定语时

18、，与被修饰名词构成动宾关系时。若动词不定式为不及物动词，或 者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后需有相应的介词。 eg:I have a pen to write with. Zhengzhou is a good place to live in. 练习： ( )1.We dont have enough paper _ . A.to write B.write C.to write on D.writing ( )2.Im _ to face my English teacher because I dont do well in my homework. A.h

19、appy B.interested C.afraid D.excited ( )3.I dont have a partner to practice English _ . A.for B.to C.with D./ ( )4.A young man is practicing _ English with Mr.Smith on the train. A.to speak B.to say C.to speak D.speaking ( )5.I did a survey about the best ways _ more new words. A.to learn B.of learn

20、 C.learn D.learning ( )6.Mary has _ friends to play games _ . A.no;with B.no;in C.not;with D.no;on ( )7.As students,our duty is _ hard. A.study B.to studying C.to study D.studied 4.depend vi.“依靠；依赖；取决于；指望”(+on/upon.+for sth.) depend on/upon+sb./sth. eg:Whether well go camping depends on the weather.

21、 We depend on the radio for news. depend on/upon+sb./sth.+to do/doing eg:We can depend on her to deal with the situation. Can we depend on your coming in on Sunday? depend on/upon+从句 eg:Our success depends on whether everyone works hard or not. 练习： ( )1.Im not sure whether I can hold a party in the

22、open air,because it _ the weather. A.stands for B.depends on C.lives on D.agrees with ( )2.Do you think _ Xiao Ming can pass the high school entrance exam or not? Sorry,I have no idea. A.that B.which C.when D.whether ( )3.Whether or not you can do this well _ your learning habits. A.takes on B.depen

23、ds on C.moves on D.gets on ( )4.Good grades _ how hard you have studied your subjects. A.depend on B.work on C.decide on D.spend on ( )5.Dont be in a hurry to say what you think about this.First _ the facts. 5 A.look up B.think about C.depend on D.find out ( )6.Shall we go for a picnic tomorrow? Wel

24、l,it all _ the weather. A.belongs to B.happens to C.depends on D.concentrates on 5.even if(=though)“即使，尽管”引导让步状语从句。 eg:Ill come even if it rains. 练习： ( )1.We can get there on time _ the car doesnt break down. A.while B.as long as C.so that D.even if ( )2.Dont be discouraged(泄气的) _ you have fallen be

25、hind others. A.whether B.as if C.even if D.however ( )3._ I have a lot of homework to do every night,I still spend half an hour watching TV. A.If B.Because C.After D.Even though ( )4._ I didnt understand the words,I knew what he wanted. A.Because B.Unless C.Even though D.If ( )5.This kind of dress i

26、s out of style. I think it still looks nice _ its not popular this year. A.until B.even though C.because D.so that 6.unless“除非，如果不”(=if.not)引导条件状语从句。 eg:The child never cries unless hungry. 7.在主将从现原则中，从句可用一般现在时或现在完成时表示(具体的)将来。(主将从现原则 具体内容：在时间或条件状语从句中，如果主句为将来时或表示将来时含义的句子(如：祈 使句、情态句等)，那么从句常用一般现在时或现在完成

27、时表示将来。)(注：从句用现在完成 时表示从句动作结束时，主句动作才会发生。) eg:We will have a picnic if it is fine tomorrow. 练习： ( )1.You wont feel happy at school _ you get on well with your classmates. A.though B.when C.unless D.,because ( )2.Ill start early,_ it may be dark. A.if B.whether C.though D.unless ( )3.We shouldnt do that

28、 dangerous experiment _ the teacher is with us. A.as long as B.if C.unless D.while ( )4.I wont pass the exam _ I work hard. A.whenever B.because C.if D.unless ( )5.We cant be successful _ we keep working hard. I agree with you. A.if B.unless C.because D.when ( )6.Grace is going to give much money to

29、 charity,_ shes not rich enough. A.if B.unless C.since D.though ( )7.Do you think he will pass the exam if he _ hard? A.working B.will work C.works D.worked ( )8.Well visit the Summer Palace _ there is a heavy rain tomorrow. OK!Boating on the lake must be great fun. A.unless B.since C.as soon as D.i

30、f 6 ( )9.May I go to Lvcheng Park with you next Sunday? No,you cant,_ you have a ticket.I have only one ticket. A.if B.until C.unless D.as soon as 7.enough adj.“足够的，充足的”adv.“足够地，充足地”n.“足够，充足”的用法 作形容词时，修饰名词放在前。 eg:We have enough time to learn this lesson. 作副词时，修饰形容词、副词放在后。 eg:He is old enough to go t

31、o school. 注:can not/never 可与 enough 或 too 连用，意为“越越好；无论都不过分” eg:You cant be careful enough.=You cant be too careful. 句型： (be adj.)/adv.+enough(for sb.)(to do) eg:The book is easy enough for me to read. 注：enough 不能与 no 连用。作形容词时不可被 very 修饰，但可被 quite 修饰。 eg:We have quite enough time. I dont have enough

32、money. 练习： 1.改为同义句 My son is too young to join the army. My son isnt _ _ to join the army. ( )2.Shes not strong enough _ walking up mountains. A.to go B.going C.go D.went ( )3.This idea isnt _ .Lets think about a funnier one. A.enough useful B.enough bad C.awful enough D.interesting enough ( )4.He i

33、s _ to move this heavy desk to the next room. A.enough strong B.too strong C.so strong D.strong enough ( )5.He doesnt do his homework _ ,though he has _ . A.carefully enough;enough time B.carefully enough;time enough C.enough carefully;enough time D.enough carefully;enough ( )6.What do think of the

34、potatoes? Well,its _ . A.thin enough B.enough thin C.thinner enough D.enough thinner ( )7.I dont think teenagers should be allowed to drive,because they are _ . A.not enough serious B.not serious enough C.too serious D.to serious Self Check 1.stress out“紧张，过度劳累”动词短语，形容压力大。 eg:Take it easy.Dont stres

35、s out. 注：stressed out adj.“压力大的，紧张的” eg:Make sure he is not stressed out. 2.have a test“参加测试，进行实验” eg:Were going to have a test in June. 3.on ones own“独自地；独立地” eg:He can be left to work on his own. Im well able to manage on my own. 4.over and over again“反复地；一再” 7 eg:He practiced his idea over and ov

36、er again. 5.till/until 的用法 一般情况下， till/until 可以通用。 till/until 用于肯定句时， 主句须和持续性动词连用， 意为 “直 到为止” 。 till/until 用于否定句时，须和瞬间性动词连用，意为“不到不；直到 才” 。 eg:Well wait for you until you come back. I didnt go to bed until my father got home. 练习： ( )1.We didnt start our discussion _ everybody arrived. A.since B.if C.

37、while D.until ( )2. Usually, we dont know how important something is _ we lose it. A. or B.until C. as soon as D.though ( )3.Bob promises to join in the football match _ he has to help his parents on the farm. A. if B. as C. unless D. when ( )4.Peter likes reading a newspaper _ he is having breakfas

38、t. A. until B. while C. because D. though 重点难点全解： 1.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 二者都表示过去。但现在完成时强调与现在的联系，而一般过去时只强调过去的事实，与其 它时间无关。 练习： ( )1.My brother left school in 2005,and since then he _ in Beijing. A.lives B.lived C.will live D.has lived ( )2.My life _ a lot in the last few years. A.change B.changed C.has chan

39、ged D.have changed ( )3. - Have you ever been to Shanghai, Mary? - Yes. I _ there for three days with my parents last month. A. have gone B. have been C. went D. was ( )4. I _ a mistake. Please dont be angry with me. A. make B. made C. will make D. had made ( )5.-Have you read this book? -Yes. I _ i

40、t two weeks ago. A. am reading B. have read C. will read D.read 易错易混全解： because,since,as,for 的区别 because,as,since 为从属原因连词，而 for 为并列原因连词。 because“因为” ，语气最强，多用于给出直接的、听者未知的原因，常常位于句尾，成为 信息的焦点。既能回答 why 的提问，也能用于强调句型中，还可用于搭配 not.but.或与 强调词 just,only,merely 及与否定词 not 连用；只有在表示强调时才位于主句之前。 eg:Why didnt you pho

41、ne me last night?昨天晚上你为什么没有给我打电话？ Because I didnt want to disturb you.因为我不想打扰你。 I didnt want it because its too big.我不要它，因为它太大了。 I did it because he told me to do it.我做这件事因为是他吩咐的。 as“由于” ，语气较弱，主从句所表达的内容同等重要，二者之间存在有因果关系。重在 陈述或解释为什么一种特殊情况的存在或某人为什么做某事。有时 as 含有“既然”的意思 (=since)。 8 eg:As hes a qualified d

42、octor,I trust his advice on medical matters.由于他是一位合格的医生， 所以我信任他在医疗事情上的建议。 As I had a cold,I didnt attend the meeting.由于我感冒了，我没去参加会议。 As we had no money,we couldnt buy anything to eat.由于我们没有钱，我们不可能买任何吃 的东西。 We all like her as she is kind.我们都喜欢她，因为她善良。 As/Since youre not feeling well,you may stay at h

43、ome.既然你感觉不舒服， 你可以呆在家里。 since(=now that)“既然” ，主要用于口语，语气更弱，表示微弱的原因，或是就对方陈述 的事实作为理由。重在给出一个原由。主从句因果关系不明显。常位于句首。 eg:Since we have come,lets stay and enjoy it.既来之，则安之。 Since everybody knows about it,I dont want to talk any more.既然大家都了解了这个事， 我 就不想再说什么了。 Since you dont want to go,we wont force you to.既然你不想去

44、，我们就不勉强你了。 for“因为” ，语气最弱，表示对某一事实进行推断的或附加说明的理由，是对已发生情况 的补充说明。一般不位于句首。 eg:He cant have gone,for the light is still on.他不可能走了，因为灯还在亮着呢。 It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.昨晚准是下过雨，因为地面是湿的。 He must be ill,for he is absent today.他一定病了，因为他今天缺席了。 练习： ( )1.The teacher speaks very loudly_ al

45、l the students can hear her. A. so that B. because C. since D. when ( )2.Scientists say it may be a few years _ it is possible to test the new medicine on patients A. because B. after C.before D. since ( )3.Peter likes reading a newspaper _ he is having breakfast. A. until B. while C. because D. tho

46、ugh ( )4. May I go to the concert with you? Im afraid not _ you have a ticket, because I have only one. A. since B. if C. unless D. though ( )5. A tourist will easily lose his way in Beijing _ he has a map or a guide. A. if B. because C. unless D. when instead,instead of instead adv.“代替；取而代之的是”表示前面的

47、事情没做，而是做了后面的事。一般位于 句首或句尾，但不能位于祈使句的前面，也不能位于句中。另外，前面的句子一般用否定形 式，instead 所在的句子一般是肯定形式。 eg:If you cant go,let me go instead. instead of prep.后接名词、代词、动名词、介词短语或副词等。具有否定意义，其后是没有 做到事情。 eg:I have to finish my work instead of going out. 练习： ( )1.Tom and Jack often talk loudly after class _ . A.instead of quiet B.instead of keeping quiet C.keeping quiet instead D.to keep quiet instead ( )2.Its raining hard._ ,I still want to go there. A.Then B.However C.Besides D.Instead