2021年河南省英语高考真题及答案解析(原卷Word精校版）.docx

1、绝密启用前 河南省 2021 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语（河南卷） 注意事项: 1答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号 涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将 答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部第一部 分听力（共两节分听力（共两节, ,满分满分 3030 分分) ) 做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上 的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共 5 小题:每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.

2、5 分) 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选 出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下 一小题。 每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. 19.15.B.9.18.C. 9.15. 答案是 C。 1.What is the man doing? A. Asking the way. B.Giving directions. C. Correcting a mistake. 2.What dress size does the woman want? A.8. B.10. C.12

3、. 3.What is the woman likely to do? A. Make a phone call. B. Handle the problem. C. Have a rest. 4.Which tour does the man seem to be interested in? A. The evening tour. B. The half-day tour. C.The full-day tour. 5.Where are the speakers? A.At a canteen. B.At a clinic. C.At a bank. 第二节(共 15 小题，每小题 1

4、.5 分，满分 22.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。 每段对话或独白后有几个小题， 从题中所给的 A、 B、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题， 每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两 遍。 听第 6 段材料,回答第 6、7 题。 6. What does the woman think of the match? A.Entertaining. B.Discouraging. C. Boring. 7.What do the speakers plan to do on Tuesday afternoon?

5、A.Watch a game. B. Play tennis. C. Go to the cinema. 听第 7 段材料,回答第 8 至 10 题。 8. What does the man advise Mrs.White to do? A.Go on a diet. B. Do more exercise. C. Get enough sleep. 9.Which can be included in Mrs. Whites breakfast? A.Eggs. B.Sausages. C.Porridge. 10.What is the man? A. A teacher. B.A p

6、hysician. C.A chef. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 14 题。 11.How does Nancy look to Daniel? A.Confused. B. Excited. C. Anxious. 12.Why does Daniel mention his performance in a play? A.To comfort Nancy. B. To express his regret C. To show his pride. 13.What is Nancy going to do next week? A.Take a school test B.Ha

7、ve a check-up. C.Go in for a competition. 14.What does Daniel offer to do for Nancy? A.Rewrite her lines. B.Drive her to the theatre. C.Help her with the practice. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 15 至 17 题。 15.What was Prof. Stones grandfather afraid of? A.Leaving his home. B.Parting from his son. C.Taking early retir

8、ement. 16.What does old age mean to many elderly Americans? A.Lack of moral support. B. Loss of self-worth. C. Change of living habits. 17.What will Prof Stone talk about next concerning elderly people? A.Public services they ask for. B.Health care available to them. C.Contributions they can make. 听

9、第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。 18.What does the speakers mother want her to be? A.A confident person. B. A warm-hearted person. C. A humorous person. 19.Why did the speaker feel lonely in her childhood? A.She often traveled by herself B.Her family moved frequently. C.Her mother was busy working. 20.What do

10、es the speaker mainly talk about? A.Importance of home schooling. B.Mother-daughter relationship. C.A role model in her family. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A A TheThe BiggestBiggest StadiumsStadiums inin thethe WorldWorld People have been

11、 pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece. In around 8 A.Q., the Romans built the Colosseum, which remains the worlds best known stadium are continues to inform contemporary design. Rome s Colosseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances, seating 50,000 people. However, that was small

12、fry compared with the citys Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250,000 people. These days, safety regulations-not to mention the modern sports fan s desire for a good view and a comfortable seat-tend to keep stadium capacities（容量）slightly lower. Even soccer fans tend to have a seat each; gone

13、 are the days of thousands standing to watch the match. For the biggest stadiums in the world, we have used data supplied by the World Atlas list so far, which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated information from official stadium websites. All these stadiums are still f

14、unctional, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport. RungradoRungrado 1st1st ofof MayMay StadiumStadium, Pyongyang, D.P.R-Korea. Capacity. 150,000. Opened. May 1,1989. MichiganMichigan StadiumStadium, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S. Capacity: 107,601. Opened. October 1, 1927. BeaverB

15、eaver StadiumStadium, State College, Pennsylvania, U.S. Capacity: 106,572. Opened: September 17, I960. OhioOhio Stadium,Stadium, Columbus, Ohio, U.S. Capacity: 104,944. Opened: October 7, 1922. KyleKyle Field,Field, College Station, Texas, U.S. Capacity: 102,512. Opened: September 24,1927. 21.How ma

16、ny people could the Circus Maximus hold? A.104,944. B. 107,601. C. About 150,000. D. About 250,000. 22.Of the following stadiums, which is the oldest? A. Michigan Stadium. B. Beaver Stadium. C. Ohio Stadium. D. Kyle Field. 23.What do the listed stadiums have in common? A. They host big games. B. The

17、y have become tourist attractions C. They were built by Americans. D. They are favored by architects B When almost everyone has a mobile phone, why are more than half of Australian homes still paying for a landline (座机) These days youd be hard pressed to find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 w

18、ho doesnt own a mobile phone. In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket. Practically everyone can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime. Still, 55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter （29%） rely only on their smartphones, according to a s

19、urvey （调查）.Of those Australians who still have a landline, a third concede that its not really necessary and theyre keeping it as a security blanket - 19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies. I think my home falls into that category. More than half

20、of Australian homes are still choosing to stick with their home phone. Age is naturally a factor （因素）-only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use landlines now and then, compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers whove perhaps had the same home number for 50 years. Age isnt the only factor; Id say its al

21、so to do with the makeup of your household. Generation Xers with young families, like my wife and I, can still find it convenient to have a home phone rather than providing a mobile phone for every family member. That said, to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boome

22、rs parents, to the point where we play a game and guess who is calling before we pick up the phone （using Caller ID would take the fun out of it）. How attached are you to your landline? How long until they go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries? 24. What does paragraph 2 mainly t

23、ell us about mobile phones? A. Their target users. B. Their wide popularity. C. Their major functions. D. Their complex design. 25. What does the underlined word concede in paragraph 3 mean? A. Admit. B. Argue. C. Remember. D. Remark. 26. What can we say about Baby Boomers? A. They like smartphone g

24、ames. B. They enjoy guessing callers identity. C. They keep using landline phones. D. They are attached to their family. 27. What can be inferred about the landline from the last paragraph? A. It remains a family necessity. B. It will fall out of use some day. C. It may increase daily expenses. D. I

25、t is as important as the gas light. C Youve heard that plastic is polluting the oceansbetween 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year. But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference? Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. He builds massive sculptur

26、es out of plastic garbage, foreing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products. At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpocalypse,” a pair of 10-foot-tall plastic waves, frozen mid-crash. Made of 168,000 plastic straws collected from several vo

27、lunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source (来源)of plastic pollution, but theyve recently come under fire because most

28、 people dont need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled. Every straw that s part of Von Wongs artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes. Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to disappear. In a piece fr

29、om 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate (说明) a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds, a truckloads worth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work, titled Truckload of Plastic, Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic, which were then tied together to look like

30、theyd been dumped(倾倒)from a truck all at once. Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint. 28. What are Von Wongs artworks intended for? A. Beautifying the city he lives in. B. Introducing eco-friendly products. C. Drawing public attention to

31、 plastic waste. D. Reducing garbage on the beach. 29. Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3? A. To show the difficulty of their recycling. B. To explain why they are useful. C. To voice his views on modern art. D. To find a substitute for them. 30. What effect would Truckload of

32、Plastic have on viewers? A. Calming. B. Disturbing C Refreshing D. Challenging. 31. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Artists Opinions on Plastic Safety B. Media Interest in Contemporary Art C. Responsibility Demanded of Big Companies D. Ocean Plastics Transformed into Sc

33、ulptures D During an interview for one of my books, my interviewer said something I still think about often. Annoyed by the level of distraction(干扰)in his open office, he said, “Thats why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street so I can focus. His comment struck me as strange. A

34、fter all, coworking spaces also typically use an open office layout (布 局). But I recently came across a study that shows why his approach works The researchers examined various levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking. They were randomly divided into four groups a

35、nd exposed to various noise levels in the background, from total silence to 50 decibels(分贝),70 decibels, and 85 decibels. The differences between most of the groups were statistically insignificant; however,the participants in the 70 decibels groupthose exposed to a level of noise similar to backgro

36、und chatter in a coffee shop-significantly outperformed the other groups. Since the effects were small, this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise. But since the results at 70 decibels were significant, the s

37、tudy also suggests that the right level of background noisenot too loud and not total silencemay actually improve ones creative thinking ability. The right level of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enough to allow our imaginations to wander, without making it impos

38、sible to focus. This kind of distracted focus appears to be the best state for working on creative tasks. So why do so many of us hate our open offices? The problem may be that, in our offices, we cant stop ourselves from getting drawn into others conversations while were trying to focus. Indeed, th

39、e researchers found that face-to-face interactions and conversations affect the creative process, and yet a coworking space or a coffee shop provides a certain level of noise while also providing freedom from interruptions. 32. Why does the interviewer prefer a coworking space? A. It helps him conce

40、ntrate. B. It blocks out background noise. C. It has a pleasant atmosphere. D. It encourages face-to-face interactions. 33. Which level of background noise may promote creative thinking ability? A. Total silence. B. 50 decibels. C. 70 decibels. D. 85 decibels. 34. What makes an open office unwelcome

41、 to many people? A. Personal privacy unprotected. B. Limited working space. C. Restrictions on group discussion. D. Constant interruptions. 35.What can we infer about the author from the text? A. Hes a news reporter. B. Hes on office manager. C. Hes a professional designer.D. Hes a published writer.

42、 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项 According to Jessica Hagy, author of How to Be Interesting, its not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party. _36_, if youre out of your comfort zone or if youre wandering into somebodys house for the first time.

43、So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers. Peoplelovetotalkaboutthemselves.Ifyoucanstartthe conversation with a question other than “What do you do for a living?, youll be able to get a lot more interesting conversation out of whomever i

44、t is youre talking to. _37 _. it can bring in I have this old, broken-down vehicle or I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back. It just opens up conversation. _38_? If you cant take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox （讲台）.I

45、f youre the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation._39_ And what about that other dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If youre faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again i

46、s to give the host a compliment (赞扬)._40_. Just quickly tun around and say, This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.” So being interesting at a dinner party isnt that hard. A. How do you know the host B. The first step is to go exploring C. If you ask the question How d

47、id you get here?, D. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers E. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say F. What about that person who has had too much to drink or wont stop talking G. He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness t

48、he most 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节（共 20 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A 、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入 空白处的最佳选项。 Simply saying thank you doesnt seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a _41_ Just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be

49、 if we had a range of words that express different _42_ of gratitude (感谢). My thoughts were soon _43_. We had a woman patient who was _44_ from a knee replacement operation. One afternoon, while _45_to get into bed she collapsed (倒下) from what was_46_discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was

50、 disastrous, _47_ the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she recovered, though _48_ ,and was ready for discharge (出院)after four weeks. She was _49_ for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge, we shared in her _50_ at her recovery. As she was