2019新人教版 高中英语 必修第三册Unit2Morals and Virtues SectionⅠListening and Speaking Reading and Thinking学案含解析.doc

1、UNITUNIT 2 2MORALSMORALS ANDAND VIRTUESVIRTUES I I havehave a a dreamdream Martin Luther King I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creedwe hold these truths to be selfevident, that all men are created equal. I have a dream that one day on the red

2、hills of Georgia, sons of former slaves and sons of former slave owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood. I have a dream my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.

3、When we allow freedom to ring, when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able to speed up that day.When all of Gods childrenblack men and white men, Jews and Gentiles，Protestants and Catholicswill be able to join hands and sing in the words

4、of the old Negro spiritual, “free at last, free at last. Thank God almighty, we are free at last.” 开启快乐学习之旅 我有一个梦想 马丁路德金 我有一个梦想：有一天，这个国家将站起来，并实现它的信条的真正含义我们将捍 卫这些不言而喻的真理，即所有人生来平等。我有一个梦想：有一天在乔治亚州红色的山丘 上，从前的奴隶的子孙们能和从前的奴隶主的子孙们像兄弟一样坐在同一张桌子旁我有 一个梦想：我的四个孩子有一天将生活在这样一个国度，在那里，人们不以肤色，而是以品 格来评价他们 当自由的钟声响起的时候，当我

5、们让它从每一个村庄，每一个州，每一个城市响起的时 候，我们将能够加速这一天的到来。那时，上帝所有的孩子黑人和白人，犹太教徒和非 犹太教徒，新教徒和天主教徒，将能携手同唱那古老的黑人圣歌：“终于自由了，终于自由 了，感谢全能的上帝，我们终于自由了！” 模块核心素养导航 SectionSection ListeningListening andand SpeakingSpeaking，ReadingReading andand ThinkingThinking .重点单词 1moraladj.道德的；道义上的n品行；道德；寓意 2virtuen高尚的道德；美德；优秀品质 3illustratevt

6、.(举例)说明；阐明；给(书或文意)加插图illustrationn图表， 插图；图解；图示 4preciousadj.珍稀的；宝贵的 5marriagen结婚；婚姻 marryv结婚，娶，嫁marriedadj.已婚的 6majorityn大部分；大多数majoradj.主要的；多数的vi.主修minorityn少 数民族；少数 7complainvi.&vt.抱怨；发牢骚complaintn抱怨；牢骚；投诉 8feen专业服务费；报酬 9respondvt.回答；回复vi.做出反应；回应responsen反应；回答；回复 10unionn协会；联合会；工会 11scholarshipn奖学

7、金 12hirevt.聘任；雇用；租用n租借；租用 13physiciann医师；(尤指)内科医生physicistn物理学家physicaladj. 身体的；物理的physicsn物理学 14colleaguen同事；同僚 15rejectvt.拒绝接受；不录用rejectionn拒绝接受；否决 16appointvt.任命；委派appointmentn任命，委派 17clinicn诊所；门诊部clinicaladj.临床的； 临床诊断的 18farawayadj.遥远的 19electvt.选举；推选electionn选举；推选；当选electorn选举人 20decaden十年；十年期

8、21elsewhereadv.在别处；去别处 22tendvt.照顾；照料vi.倾向；趋于tendencyn趋势；倾向 23publishvt.发表(作品)；出版publishern出版人(或机构) 24staffn员工；全体职员 25retirevi.&vt.退休；退职；退出retirementn退休retiredadj.退休的 26savingn节省物；节省；节约 pl.储蓄金；存款 27kindergartenn学前班；幼儿园 28principlen道德原则；法则；原则 29passiveadj.被动的；顺从的 30scarevt.惊吓；使害怕vi.使惊吓scaredadj.害怕的；对

9、感到惊慌或恐惧 的scaryadj.引起恐慌的 31sharpadj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；明显的sharpenv使变锋利 32insurancen保险；保险业 33energeticadj.精力充沛的；充满活力的energyn精力；力量；能源 34replacevt.接替；取代；更换replacementn替换；更换；替代品；替换 .重点短语 1carry sb. through sth.帮助某人渡过难关 2tend to do sth.易于做某事；往往会发生某事 3get in trouble 陷入困境；遇到麻烦 4not only. but also.不仅而且 5be famo

10、us for 因而闻名 6be affected by 被影响/感动 7instead of 代替；而不是 8would rather do sth.宁愿做某事 9graduate from 从毕业 10because of 因为；由于 11in need of 需要 12care for 照看；喜欢 13be responsible for 对负责 14treat.as.把当作 15be known as.作为而闻名 16of ones own 属于某人自己的 17be ready to do 乐意干某事 18not.any more 不再 .重点句型 1She responded，“Id

11、rather _stay single to study all my life！” 她回答说：“我宁愿保持单身，终生学习！” 2She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OBGYN department of the PUMC Hospital. 她立即成为第一个被聘为 PUMC 医院妇产科住院医师的女性。 3At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide med

12、ical care. 有时人们甚至会看到她骑着毛驴到遥远的村庄给人看病。 4Though Lin Qiaozhi never married，she was known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”，having delivered over 50,000 babies in her lifetime. 虽然林巧稚从未结婚， 她却被称为“一万个孩子的妈妈”， 一生中接生了 5 万多个孩子。 1 1 preciousprecious adj.adj.珍稀的；宝贵的 典型例句典型例句 The peacock is a precious bird in

13、 the subtropical zone. 孔雀是亚热带地区的珍禽。 Clean water is precious in that part of the world. 在世界的那个地方，洁净的水是宝贵的。 即学即练即学即练 What is precious (preciously) between friends is belief and respect. 2 2majority majority n.n.大部分；大多数 典型例句典型例句 The majority of the damage is easy to repair. 这次的损失大部分容易补救。 The majority o

14、f people believe that smoking is harmful to health. 大多数人认为吸烟有害健康。 思维拓展思维拓展 the majority 大多数(其作主语表整体时， 谓语用单数； 若表成员情况时， 谓语用复数。 ) the majority ofn.U单数谓语 the majority ofn.pl.复数谓语 be in the/a majority 占大多数 by/with a majority of 以大多数(赢得) minorityn少数民族；少数 a/the minority of 少数 be in the/a minority 占少数 即学即练即

15、学即练 (1)The _majority were present at the meeting. 大多数人出席了会议。 (2)The majority of people seem to prefer watching games to playing games. 大部分人似乎喜欢观看比赛胜于参加比赛。 (3)He was elected by a majority of 765. 他以 765 票的多数票当选。 3 3 complaincomplain vi.&vt.vi.&vt.抱怨；发牢骚 典型例句典型例句 He complained bitterly that he had bee

16、n unfairly treated. 他愤懑地诉说他所受到的不公平待遇。 Im going to complain to the manager about this. 我要就这件事向经理投诉。 思维拓展思维拓展 complain (to sb.) of/about (doing) sth.(向某人)投诉/抱怨(做)某事；(向某人)发 牢骚 complain (to sb.) that.(向某人)抱怨 complaintn抱怨；投诉；控告 make a complaint aboutsth.抱怨/投诉某事 make a complaint to sb.向某人抱怨/投诉 即学即练即学即练 (1

17、)He did nothing but complain to me about the food and the service of the restaurant. (2)Dont complain about our life. We should be thankful for what we have. 4 4fee fee n.n.专业服务费；报酬 典型例句典型例句 Does the bank charge a fee for setting up the account? 在这家银行开账户要收费吗？ 易混辨析易混辨析 fare,fare, fee,fee, charge,char

18、ge, costcost fare指交通费。 fee指会费、学费、入场费、手续费等。 charge指商品和服务所需要的要价、收费等。 cost指成本、费用、代价等。 即学即练即学即练 His parents paid high tuition fees (fee) for his college life. 5 5respond respondvt.vt.回答；回复 vt.vt.做出反应；回应 典型例句典型例句 I invited her to dinner but she did not respond. 我邀请她吃晚饭，但她未回复。 How did she respond to the n

19、ews? 她对那个消息有什么反应？ 思维拓展思维拓展 respond to sb./sth.(with/ by sth.) (用)回答某人/回复某事(比 answer, reply to 正式) respond to (疾病、身体的受伤部分)对医药有良好反应 responsen反应；回答；回复 response to sb./sth. (对人/物)的回答/回复/反应 in response to 作为对的反应 易混辨析易混辨析 respond,respond, answer,answer, replyreply respond为不及物动词，指对他人的期望等做出适当的回应，是最正式的用词。 an

20、swer为及物动词，指用文字、语言或行动回答，是最普通的用词。 reply为不及物动词，与 answer 用法基本相同，但稍正式一些。 I asked him his name, but he didnt respond. 我问他叫什么名字，可他没回答。 He answered that he did go there last night. 他回答说昨天晚上他的确去过那儿。 Its your turn now to reply to these charges. 现在该轮到你对这些指控进行答辩了。 即学即练即学即练 (1)They still havent responded _to my

21、letter. 他们至今仍没有回我的信。 (2)He responded to my suggestion with a laugh/by laughing. 他对我的建议报以一笑。 (3)His illness didnt respond to treatment by drugs. 他的疾病对药物治疗没有反应。 (4)My mother opened the door in response to the knock, but there was no one outside. 听到敲门声后，我妈妈打开了门，但外面一个人都没有。 6 6hire hire vt.vt.聘任；雇用；租用 n.

22、n.租借；租用 典型例句典型例句 They hired a big hall. 他们租了一间大厅。 We hired a driver to take us on a tour of the city. 我们雇用了一个司机带我们游览这个城市。 We have to pay $300 for the hire of the meeting hall. 我们不得不为会议室的租用支付 300 美元。 思维拓展思维拓展 for/on hire 出租 Car for hire, $10 an hour. 汽车出租，每小时 10 美元。 易混辨析易混辨析 employ,employ, hire,hire,

23、 rentrent (1)employ 雇，雇人，指商店或公司长期雇用人。 (2)hire 租，雇，指按工作量或时间雇用人。 (3)rent 租，指长期租赁土地、房屋等，若暂时租借也可用 hire。 They want to hire a hall for an evening. 他们想租用礼堂一晚上。 They cant afford to buy a new house, so they have to rent one. 他们买不起新房子，因此还得租房住。 即学即练即学即练 They hired (hire) a firm of consultants to design the new

24、 system. 7 7reject reject vt.vt.拒绝接受；不录用 典型例句典型例句 The Christian Church rejected his theory, saying it was against Gods idea and people who supported it would be attacked. 基督教会拒绝接受他的理论，说这种理论违背了上帝的想法，谁支持这一理论就将受到 攻击。 思维拓展思维拓展 rejectionn拒绝接受；否决 图解助记图解助记 即学即练即学即练 His article was rejected (reject) by the

25、editor. 8 8appoint appoint vt.vt.任命；委派 典型例句典型例句 Shes been appointed(as/to be)sales manager. 她被任命为销售部经理。 They appointed her to take care of that old man. 他们派她去照顾那位老人。 思维拓展思维拓展 appoint sb.(as/to be)职位某人担任职位 appoint sb.to do sth.委派某人做某事 appointmentn任命；委派；约定 make/have an appointment with sb.与某人有约 keep/b

26、reak an appointment 守约/违约 appointedadj.约定的；指定的 即学即练即学即练 (1)Once you make an appointment (appoint) with someone, you should keep it. (2)She was waiting at my apartment at the appointed(appoint)time to take me to Disney World. 9 9elect elect vt.vt.选举；推选 典型例句典型例句 She elected an art course because she w

27、as interested in art. 因为她对艺术感兴趣，所以选择了一门艺术课。 Like men, women have the right to elect and to be elected. 妇女享有同男子平等的选举权和被选举权。 思维拓展思维拓展 elect to do sth.决定做某事 elect sb. as 选举某人当 electionn选举；推选；当选 We wonder who will win the next election. 我们都想知道下届选举谁会获胜。 即学即练即学即练 Besides, I have such a good command of Eng

28、lish that I am_elected (elect) as assistant to my English teacher. 1010decade decade n.n.十年；十年期 典型例句典型例句 Many great events happened in the past decade. 在过去的十年中发生了很多大事件。 巧学妙记巧学妙记 deca(ten，十)de十年；十年期 思维拓展思维拓展 for/during/in/over the past/last few decades 在过去的几十年里(常和现在完成时 连用) For the past few decades co

29、mputer technology has come a long way. 过去几十年里，计算机技术取得了长足的进步。 即学即练即学即练 In the past decade, he has_planted(plant)hundreds of trees. 1111tend tend vt.vt.照顾；照料 vi.vi.倾向；趋于 典型例句典型例句 I tend to go to bed late and get up early in summer. 夏天我往往睡得晚，起得早。 She spends her spare time tending her old mother. 她的业余时间

30、都花在照顾她年迈的母亲上。 思维拓展思维拓展 tend to do sth.易于做某事；往往会发生某事 tend to/towards sth.趋向，倾向 tend (to) sb./sth.(look after sb./sth.)照顾/护理 tendencyn倾向，趋势 have a tendency to do sth.有做某事的倾向 即学即练即学即练 (1)The sort of music he listens to varies, but tends _towards popular music. 他听的音乐形形色色，不过倾向于流行音乐。 (2)She tends to get a

31、ngry when people oppose to her plan. 别人反对她的计划时，她很容易生气。 (3)The nurse skillfully tended their wounds. 那位护士熟练地为他们包扎伤口。 1212staff staff n.n.员工；全体职员；拐杖 典型例句典型例句 The staff are not happy about the new arrangement. 员工们不喜欢新的安排。 The old man can walk only with the help of a staff. 这个老人只有借助拐杖才能走路。 思维拓展思维拓展 staf

32、f 作“全体员工”讲，单复数同形；作主语时，若被看作整体，其谓语动词用单数； 若被看作个体，谓语动词用复数。如： The staff in this school is high in quality. 这所学校的员工素质很高。 The staff in this shop are helpful. 这家店里的员工是乐于助人的。 即学即练即学即练 The staff in this company are (be) busy working at present. 1313 retireretire vi.&vt.vi.&vt.退休；退职；退出；离开(尤指去僻静处) 典型例句典型例句 Most

33、 people retire at 60. 大多数人在 60 岁时退休。 She was forced to retire early from teaching because of ill health. 由于身体不好她被迫早早地从教学岗位上退了下来。 After lunch, he retired to his study. 午饭后他去了书房。 思维拓展思维拓展 retire from.从退休(役)/退出 retire (from.)(to.)退下；退出；离开(尤指到僻静处) retiredadj.已退职的；已退休的 retirementn退休；退职 即学即练即学即练 (1)After

34、he retired (retire) from office, Tom took up painting for a while, but soon lost interest. (2)When the worldfamous tennis player announced her retirement (retire), she couldnt help crying. 1414principle principle n.n.道德原则；法则；原则 典型例句典型例句 Schools try to teach children a set of principles. 学校设法教给孩子们一套道

35、德准则。 They agreed to the plan only in principle. 他们只是原则上同意那个计划。 思维拓展思维拓展 in principle 原则上；理论上 on principle 根据原则 即学即练即学即练 Despite the variety of injuries, several principles (principle) of first aid can apply to all emergencies. 1515scare scare vt.vt.惊吓；使害怕 vi.vi.受惊吓 典型例句典型例句 The terrible sounds scare

36、d the children. 可怕的声音把孩子们吓坏了。 He doesnt scare easily. 他不轻易害怕。 思维拓展思维拓展 scare sb. to death 把某人吓得要死 scare sb. away/off 把某人吓跑 scare sb. into/out of (doing) sth.吓得某人做/不敢做某事 It scares sb. to do sth.使某人害怕去做某事 scaredadj.害怕的；对感到惊慌或恐惧的 be scared of doing/to do sth.害怕做某事 be scared (that).害怕 即学即练即学即练 (1)The sc

37、arecrow in the field is used to scare the birds away. 田地里的稻草人是用来吓跑小鸟的。 (2)They scared the little boy into stealing foods in the supermarket. 他们威胁这个小男孩到超市里去偷食物。 (3)The little girl is scared of going out alone. 这个小女孩害怕一个人外出。 (4)Im scared Im going to fall. 我害怕自己快掉下去了。 1616replace replace vt.vt.接替；取代；更换

38、 典型例句典型例句 He has replaced Mr Brown as president. 他取代布朗先生当了董事长。 He will replace the broken window with a new one. 他要用新窗户更换破了的窗户。 思维拓展思维拓展 replace.with/by.用代替 replace sb.as.取代某人而成为 replace sb./sth.take the place of sb./sth.取代某人/某物 take the place of take ones place 接替 in place ofin ones place 代替 out of

39、 place 不在合适的位置；不得体 即学即练即学即练 一句多译 我们的班长将代替我们的班主任参加会议。 (1)Our monitor will take_the_place_of/replace_our_head_teacher to attend the meeting.(take the place of/replace) (2)Our monitor will attend the meeting in_place_of_our_head_teacher.(in place of) (3)Our monitor will take_our_head_teachers_place to

40、attend the meeting.(take ones place) 考点集训一考点集训一 单句语法填空 1The majority (major) of them take an online language test before starting their programme. 2Some minority (minor) languages are losing their identities because of the invasion of more popular spoken ones. 3The police received several complaints

41、 (complain) about the noise from our party. 4 Knowing basic firstaid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies. 5We regret to inform you that your application has been rejected (reject) 6I was appointed to_take (take) charge of arranging all the activities on that day. 7About three dec

42、ades (decade) ago，China was known as the “Bicycle Kingdom” 8The older women tend to_believe(believe) in strangers easily. 9Nowadays there is a growing tendency (tend) for people to shop on Internet. 10As a retired (retire) ear doctor，I heartily recommend TV Ears to people with normal hearing as well

43、 as those with hearing loss. 11We were scared (scare) to death when the fire broke out.Fortunately，it was put out before it caused much damage. 1 1carry carry sb.sb. throughthrough sth.sth.帮助某人渡过难关 典型例句典型例句 Her confidence carried her through. 她的信心使她渡过了难关。 思维拓展思维拓展 carry through 实现；完成 carry on (doing

44、 sth./with sth.)继续(做某事)；坚持 carry out 贯彻；执行；履行 carry out a plan/orders/instructions 执行计划/命令/指示 carry away 运走，使失去自制力 即学即练即学即练 (1)He was the only person who could carry the country through. 他是唯一能使国家安然渡过困境之人。 (2)Its a difficult job but shes the person to carry it through. 这是一项艰巨的工作，但她这个人是能够顺利完成的。 (3)It

45、is difficult to carry on a conversation with a great noise around us. 在周围很吵闹的环境下进行谈话是很困难的。 (4)Once a decision is reached, it must be firmly carried out. 决定一旦形成，就必须坚决执行。 (5)He has failed to carry out his promise. 他没有履行诺言。 2 2instead instead ofof 而不是；代替 典型例句典型例句 Now I can walk to work instead of going

46、 by car. 现在我可以步行去上班，而不必开车了。 If you cannot go, hell go instead of you. 如果你不能去，他将替你去。 易混辨析易混辨析 insteadinstead，insteadinstead ofof (1)instead 为副词，意为“(不是)而是/反而”，可单独使用，置于句首或句 末； instead of 意为“代替；而不是”，后接名词、代词、动名词、介词短语等。 (2)instead of 指用 A 而不用 B，除“代替”之意外，还有对 B 否定的意味，所以有时 译成“不”； in place of 一般指以 A 代 B。 Inst

47、ead of going to the cinema, he went shopping. 他没有去看电影，而是去买东西了。 She never studies. Instead, she plays all day. 她从来不学习。相反，她成天玩。 Plastics are now often used in place of wood or metal. 现在塑料经常被用来代替木料或金属。 即学即练即学即练 Ill attend the meeting instead of him. 3 3in in needneed ofof 需要 典型例句典型例句 I felt lonely and

48、was in need of someone for companionship. 我觉得孤独，需要有人做伴。 思维拓展思维拓展 have the need for sth.需要某物 in want of 需要 satisfy/meet a need 满足要求 The project has the need for money. 这个工程需要钱。 But Im sorry were not able to meet your need this time. 但是很遗憾，这次我们不能满足您的需要。 即学即练即学即练 The minister said that their church was

49、 badly in need of repairs. 4 4care care forfor 照看；照料；喜欢 典型例句典型例句 She moved back home to care for her elderly parents. 她搬回家住，好照料年迈的双亲。 I dont care for her at all. 我一点也不喜欢她。 思维拓展思维拓展 care about 关心；在乎 take care 小心；注意 take care of 照顾；照料 即学即练即学即练 He cares for playing chess. 5 bebe responsibleresponsible

50、forfor 对负责；作为原因，成为起因 典型例句典型例句 Mike is responsible for designing the entire project. 迈克负责设计全部工程。 Cigarette smoking is responsible for about 90% of deaths from lung cancer. 因患肺癌而死亡的人，大约 90%是吸烟所致。 思维拓展思维拓展 responsibilityn责任；负责 a strong sense of responsibility 很强的责任感 即学即练即学即练 Who is responsible for the