2020高考英语复习资料：衡水中学词汇讲解.docx

1、 2020 衡水中学 衡水中学词汇词汇讲解讲解 【学习效果】【学习效果】 通过深入学习 24 篇文章，真正掌握画括号的方法，同时增加 1500 左 右的高频核心单词！建议 1-2 天学 1 篇，40 天内拿下这 12 篇文章！ 【建议】【建议】 把这份讲义完整打印下来，单词右边的空白处用来反复抄写单词，以尽 量熟悉每个单词的拼写。 【自学更多】【自学更多】 请按以下步骤，自学更多文章，不断积累单词： Step1. 遇到生词 Step2. 查手机字典 Step3. 听一下读音 Step4. 抄到本子上 Step5. 反复背这个单词 Step6. 反复读这篇文章 （以上步骤超级清楚、明确，只要照做

2、，词汇量必有飞速提升！ ） 浙江卷浙江卷 A 篇篇 Passage 1 【原文回顾】【原文回顾】 Wealth starts with a goal saving a dollar at a time. Call it the piggy bank strategy( 策 略 ). There are lessons in that time-honored coin-saving container Any huge task seems easier when reduced to baby steps. I f you wished to climb a 12,000-foot moun

3、tain, and could do it a day at a time, you would only have to climb 33 feet daily to reach the top in a year. If you want to take a really nice trip in 10 years for a special occasion, to collect the $15,000 cost, you have to save $393 a day. If you drop that into a piggy bank and then once a year p

4、ut $1,434 in a savings account at 1% interest rate after-tax, you will have your trip money When I was a child, my parents gave me a piggy bank to teach me that, if I wanted something, I should save money to buy it. We associate piggy banks with children, but in many countries, the little containers

5、 are also popular with adults. Europeans see a piggy bank as a sign of good fortune and wealth. Around the world, many believe a gift of a piggy bank on New Years Day brings good luck and financial success. Ah, but you have to put something in it Why is a pig used as a symbol of saving? Why not an e

6、lephant bank, which is bigger and holds more coins? In the Middle Ages, before modern banking and credit instruments, people saved money at home, a few coins at a time dropped into a jar or dish. Potters(制陶工) made these inexpensive containers from an orange-colored clay(黏土) called “pygg,” and folks

7、saved coins in pygg jarsThe Middle English word for pig was “pigge”. While the Saxons pronounced pygg, referring to the clay, as “pug”, eventually the two words changed into the same pronunciation, sounding the “i” as in pig or piggy. As the word became less associated with the orange clay and more

8、with the animal, a clever potter fashioned a pygg jar in the shape of a pig, delighting children and adults. The piggy bank was born Originally you had to break the bank to get to the money, bringing in a sense of seriousness into savings. While piggy banks teach children the wisdom of saving, adult

9、s often need to relearn childhood lessons. Think about the things in life that require large amounts of money- college education, weddings, cars, medical care, starting a business, buying a home, and fun stuff like great trips. So when you have money, take off the top 10%, put it aside, save and inv

10、est wisely. 【精读精读】 wealth 财富财富 n. health 健康健康 n. goal 目标目标 n. 进球进球 v. save 存存 v. dollar 美元美元 n.（可数）（可数） money 钱钱 n.（不可数）（不可数） bank 银行，河岸银行，河岸 n. strategy 策略策略 n. honor 荣耀荣耀 n. coin 硬币硬币 n. contain 包含包含 v. container 容器容器 n. Wealth starts (with a goal) (saving a dollar) (at a time). Call it the piggy

11、bank strategy(策略). There are lessons (in that time-honored coin-saving container). 2 财富开始/伴随着一个目标/存 1 美元/在一次。叫它/这个“小猪存钱罐策略”。那里有/课程/在那个 被时间荣耀了的存硬币的容器里。 【财富要一点一滴积累。 】 any 任何一个任何一个 huge 巨大的巨大的 adj. big 大大 great 伟大的伟大的 huge 巨大的巨大的 large 巨大的巨大的 giant 巨大的巨大的 adj. Facing the Giant 面对巨人 面对巨人 tremendous 庞大的庞

12、大的 reduce 降低，减少，降级降低，减少，降级 v. task 任务任务 n. （一次任务）（一次任务） mission 使命使命 n. work 活儿活儿 n.（教书）（教书） job 工作工作 n.（老师）（老师） career 职业生涯职业生涯 n.（教师）（教师） position 工作岗位工作岗位 n.（有道精品课高中教师）（有道精品课高中教师） post 工作岗位工作岗位 n.（有道精品课高中教师）（有道精品课高中教师） occupation 工作工作 n.（有道精品课高中教师）（有道精品课高中教师） occupy 占据占据 v. vocation 职业职业 n.（传道受业解

13、惑的人民教师）（传道受业解惑的人民教师） voc- 声音声音 vacation 假期假期 n. holiday 假日假日 n.（holy day） break 休息片刻休息片刻 n. ask for a leave 请假 请假 rest 休息休息 n. 剩余的剩余的 adj. take/get/make 搞搞 v. special 特别都特别都 adj. occasion 场合场合 n. collect 收集收集 v. cost 花费，成本花费，成本 n. account 账户账户 n. count 数数 v. interest 利息利息 n. 兴趣兴趣 n. rate 率率 n. tax 税

14、税 n. Any huge task seems easier (when reduced) (to baby steps). (If you wished) (to climb a 12,000-foot mountain), (and could do it) (a day) (at a time), you would only have to climb 33 feet (daily) (to reach the top) (in a year). (If you want) (to take a really nice trip) (in 10 years) (for a speci

15、al occasion), (to collect the $15,000 cost), you have to save $3.93 (a day). (If you drop that) (into a piggy bank) and then (once a year) put $1,434 (in a savings account) (at 1% interest rate) (after-tax), you will have your trip money. 3 任何一个巨大的任务好像是更简单/当被降级/到小步骤（的时候） 。如果你希望/去爬一个 12000 英尺的山，然后能够做

16、它/一天/在一次，你将仅仅需要爬 33 英尺/每天/去到达那个山峰/在一年之内。 如果你想要/去搞一个真的很好的旅行/在 10 年之后/为了一个特别的场合，为了去收集那 15000 美元 的花费，你不得不存 3.93 美元/一天。如果你扔那个/进入一个小猪存钱罐/然后/一年一次/放 1434 美 元/在一个储蓄账户里/在 1%的利率/在税后，你将拥有你的旅行钱。 【伟大的任务变成小步骤就更简单。 】 parent 家长家长 n. that “说 说”（引导名从）（引导名从） associate 联系联系 v. association 协会协会 n. English Association 英语

17、协会 英语协会 n. English Corner 英语角（姻缘角）英语角（姻缘角）n. NBA： ：National Basketball Association also 也也 adv. popular 受欢迎的受欢迎的 adj. Europe 欧罗巴洲欧罗巴洲 n. Asia 亚细亚洲亚细亚洲 n. European 欧洲的，欧洲人欧洲的，欧洲人 n. Euro 欧元欧元 n. adult 成年人成年人 n.（爱叨叨）（爱叨叨） as 因为，当因为，当时候时候 conj；作为，像；作为，像. prep. 一样一样 adv. 介词（介词（prep.） ：介词接名词） ：介词接名词 TT i

18、s as ulgy (as PP). 连词（连词（conj.） ：连词连句子） ：连词连句子 As TT is ugly, PP loves him so much. as.as. 一样一样.像像. sign 标志标志 n. fortune 运气运气 n. = luck fortunate 好运的好运的 adj. fortunately 幸运地幸运地 adv. unfortunately 不幸地不幸地 adv. these 这些，这些人这些，这些人 those 那些，那些人那些，那些人 some 有些，有些人有些，有些人 many 很多，很多人很多，很多人 one 一个，一个人一个，一个人 g

19、ift 礼物，天赋礼物，天赋 n. gifted 有天赋的有天赋的 adj. financial 金融的，财政的金融的，财政的 adj. success 成功成功 n. successful 成功的成功的 adj. succeed 成功成功 v. have to 不得不不得不 (When I was a child), my parents gave me a piggy bank (to teach me) (that), (if I wanted something), (I should save money) (to buy it). We associate piggy banks

20、(with children), but (in many countries), the little containers are also popular (with adults). Europeans see a piggy bank (as a sign) (of good fortune and 4 wealth). (Around the world), many believe a gift (of a piggy bank) (on New Years Day) brings good luck and financial success. Ah, but you have

21、 to put something (in it). 当我是一个孩子（的时候） ，我的父母给我一个小猪银行/去教我/说/如果我想要一些东西，我应 该存钱/去买它。我们联系小猪银行/和孩子们，但是/在很多国家，这个小容器也是流行的/伴随着成 年人。欧洲人看一个小猪存钱罐/作为一个标志/好运气和财富的。环绕这个世界，很多人相信一个礼 物/一个小猪银行的/在新年的日子/带来好运气和金融的成功。啊，但是你不得不放一些东西/在里面。 【用小猪银行教存钱。 】 symbol 符号，象征符号，象征 n. elephant 大象大象 n. which 它（引导定从）它（引导定从） hold 握住握住把握把握

22、v. hold on 别挂电话！ （继续握着）别挂电话！ （继续握着） on 继续继续 n. go on 继续走继续走 coin 硬币硬币 n. Middle Ages 中世纪中世纪 before 在在.之前之前 prep. modern 现代的，摩登的现代的，摩登的 adj. banking 银行业银行业 n. credit 信用信用 n. 点数点数 n. 学分学分 n. instrument 工具，设备工具，设备 n. musical instrument 乐器 乐器 n. jar 罐子罐子 n. dish 盘子盘子 n. pot 陶瓷罐子，锅陶瓷罐子，锅 n. hot-pot 火锅火锅

23、n. expensive 昂贵的昂贵的 adj. inexpensive 便宜的便宜的 adj. from 离开离开从从 prep. eg： ：I come (from Shandong). be made from 被由被由.制成（离开原材料，所以看不到）制成（离开原材料，所以看不到） be made of 被由被由.制成（制成（of 表修饰，所以能看到）表修饰，所以能看到） clay 粘土粘土 n. folk 老百姓老百姓 n. save 存存 v. saving 储蓄储蓄 n. and 然后然后 conj. noun 名词名词 n. pronounce 发音发音 v. pronuncia

24、tion 发音发音 n. refer to 提及提及 eventually 最终最终 adv. finally 最终最终 adv. into 进入，成为进入，成为 prep. 5 fashion shape delight delighting delighted be born 使使. 成为流行成为流行 v. 形状形状 n. 使使. 高兴高兴 v. 令人高兴的令人高兴的 adj. 感到高兴的感到高兴的 adj. 被生出来被生出来 Why is a pig used (as a symbol) (of saving)? Why not an elephant bank, (which is b

25、igger and holds more coins)? (In the Middle Ages), (before modern banking and credit instruments), people saved money (at home), a few coins (at a time) (dropped) (into a jar or dish). Potters( 制 陶 工 ) made these inexpensive containers (from an orange-colored clay)( 黏 土 ) (called “pygg,”) and folks

26、saved coins (in pygg jars). The Middle English word (for pig) was “pigge”. (While the Saxons pronounced pygg), (referring to the clay), (as “pug”), eventually the two words changed (into the same pronunciation), (sounding the “i”) (as) (in pig or piggy). (As the word became less associated) (with th

27、e orange clay) and more (with the animal), a clever potter fashioned a pygg jar (in the shape) (of a pig), (delighting children and adults). The piggy bank was born. 为什么一只噜噜被使用/作为一个符号/储蓄的？为什么不（是）一个大象银行呢，它是更大的而 且把握住更多硬币？在那中世纪，在现代银行业和信用工具之前，人们存钱/在家，一些硬币/在一次/ 被扔/进入一个罐子或盘子。制陶工做了这些不贵的容易/从一种橘黄色的粘土/被叫做“pyg

28、g”，然后老 百姓存钱/在 pygg 罐子里。这个中世纪英语单词/对于噜噜/是“pigge”。因为这些撒克逊人发音 pygg， 指的是这个粘土/作为“pug”，最终，这两个单词变/成那相同的发音，听上去是这个“i”,就像/在 pig 或 piggy 里面。当这个单词变得更少联系/跟这个黄色的粘土/然后更多联系/跟这个动物，一个聪明的陶 匠使一个 piggy 罐子变得流行/以这个形状/一只噜噜的，使孩子们和大人高兴。这个小猪存钱罐被出 生了。 【小猪存钱罐的诞生过程。 】 orginally break get the money get to the money sense serious s

29、eriously seriousness wisdom wise relearn require amount wedding medical care start a business fun stuff staff trip off 最初最初 adv. 打碎打碎 v. 得到这个钱得到这个钱 够到这个钱够到这个钱 感觉感觉 n.v. 严肃的严肃的 adj. 严肃地严肃地 adv. 严肃严肃 n. 智慧智慧 n. 智慧的智慧的 adj. 重新学习重新学习 v. 需要需要 v. 量量 n. 结婚结婚 n. 医疗服务医疗服务 n. 创业创业 好玩的好玩的 adj. 乐子乐子 n. 东西，材料东西，

30、材料 n. 全体员工，士大夫全体员工，士大夫 n. 旅行旅行 n. 离开离开 adv. 6 aside invest 在一边在一边 adv. 投资投资 v. Originally you had to break the bank (to get) (to the money), (bringing in a sense) (of seriousness) (into savings). (While piggy banks teach children the wisdom) (of saving), adults often need (to relearn childhood lesso

31、ns). Think (about the things) (in life) (that require large amounts of money) - college education, weddings, cars, medical care, starting a business, buying a home, and fun stuff (like great trips). So (when you have money), take off the top 10%, put it aside, save and invest wisely. 最初，你不得不打破这个银行/去

32、够/到那个钱，带进来一种感觉/严肃的/进入储蓄。当小猪银行教 孩子们这个智慧/储蓄的，成年人经常需要/去重新学习童年的课程。想/关于这些东西/在生活中/它们 需要大量的钱大学教育，结婚，汽车，医疗，创业，置业，以及有趣的东西/像伟大的旅行。所 以，当你有钱，搞走那头 10%，放它在一边，存起来，然后投资得聪明。 【大家一定要存钱呀。 】 41. What is the piggy bank strategy? A. Paying 1% income tax at a time. B. B. Setting a goal before making a travel plan. C. C. Ai

33、ming high even when doing small things. D. D. Putting aside a little money regularly for future use. 42. Why did the writers parents give him a piggy bank as a gift? A. To delight him with the latest fashion. B. To encourage him to climb mountains. C. To help him form the habit of saving. D. To teac

34、h him English pronunciation. 43. What does then underlined word “something” (Paragraph 3) most probably refer to? A. Money B. Gifts C. Financial success D. Good luck 44. The piggy bank originally was _. A. a potters instrument B. a cheap clay container C. an animal-shaped dish D. a pig-like toy for

35、children 45. The last paragraph talks about _. A. the seriousness of educating children B. the enjoyment of taking a great trip C. the importance of managing money D. the difficulty of starting a business 北京卷 北京卷 C 篇篇 Passage 2 【原文回顾】【原文回顾】 Students and Technology in the Classroom I love my blackber

36、ry-its my little connection to the larger world that can go anywhere with me. I also love my laptop computer, as it holds all of my writing and thoughts. Despite this love of technology, I know that there are times when I need to move away from these devices ( 设 备 ) and truly communicate with others

37、. 7 On occasion, I teach a course called History Matters for a group of higher education managers. My goals for the class include a full discussion of historical themes and ideas. Because I want students to thoroughly study the material and exchange their ideas with each other in the classroom, I ha

38、ve a rule -no laptop, iPads, phones, etc. When students were told my rule in advance of the class, some of them were not happy. Most students assume that my reasons for this rule include unpleasant experiences in the past with students misusing technology. Theres a bit of truth to that. Some student

39、s assume that I am anti-technology. Theres no truth in that at all. I love technology and try to keep up with it so I can relate to my students. The real reason why I ask students to leave technology at the door is that I think there are very few places in which we can have deep conversions and trul

40、y engage complex ideas. Interruptions by technology often break concentration and allow for too much dependence on outside information for ideas. I want students to dig deep within themselves for inspiration and ideas. I want them to push each other to think differently and make connections between

41、the course the material and the class discussion. Ive been teaching my history class in this way for many years and the evaluations reflect student satisfaction with the environment that I create. Students realize that with deep conversation and challenge, they learn at a level that helps them keep

42、the course material beyond the classroom. Im not saying that I wont ever change my mind about technology use in my history class, but until I hear a really good reason for the change, Im sticking to my plan. A few hours of technology-free dialogue is just too sweet to give up. 【精读精读】 technology Blac

43、kberry berry connect connection anywhere anyone anytime lap laptop desktop PDA personal digital assistant assist hold thought despite in spite of move away device truly 技术技术 n. 黑莓黑莓 n. 莓莓 n. 连接连接 v. 连接连接 n. 任何地方任何地方 任何人任何人 任何时间任何时间 大腿大腿 n. 笔记本，膝上电脑笔记本，膝上电脑 n. 台式机台式机 n. 掌上电脑掌上电脑 （Personal Digital Ass

44、istant） 个人的个人的 adj. 数码的数码的 adj. 助理助理 n. 协助协助 v. 掌握掌握 v. 想法想法 n. 尽管存在尽管存在 prep. 尽管存在尽管存在 prep. 移动，搬家移动，搬家 v. 离开离开 adv. 设备设备 n. 真正地真正地 adv. 8 communicate 沟通沟通 v. communication 沟通沟通 n. telecommunications 通信 通信 n. tele- 远程远程 telephone 电话电话 n. microphone 麦克风麦克风 n. amplifier 放大器放大器 n. telegraph 电报电报 n. gr

45、aph - 写写 photograph 相片相片 n. photo- 光的光的 auto- 自动的自动的 autograph 手稿手稿*n. bio- 生物的生物的 biography 传记传记*n. autobiography 自传自传*n. community 社区，社团社区，社团 n. Students | and Technology | (in the Classroom) I love my Blackberryits my little connection (to the larger world) (that can go anywhere) (with me). I als

46、o love my laptop computer, (as it holds all of my writing and thought). (Despite this love) (of technology), I know (that there are times) (when I need) (to move away) (from these devices) （ 设 备 ） and truly communicate (with others). 我爱我的黑莓它是我的小连接/跟这个大世界/它能去任何地方/跟我。我也爱我的笔记本电脑， 因为它掌握所有我的写作和想法。尽管存在这个爱

47、/技术的，我知道/说那里有些时候/那会儿我需要/ 去移动离开/从这些设备然后真正地沟通/跟他人。 【有时候应该离开技术】 occasion 场合场合 n. on occasion 偶尔偶尔 matter 问题问题 n. 有关系有关系 vi. It doesnt matter. 没关系 没关系 group 组，团伙组，团伙 n. team 团队团队 n. mini-/mana- 管理管理 minister 大臣大臣 n. prime minister 首相 首相 manager 经理经理 n. manage 管理管理 v. ad- 加加 administrator 管理员管理员 n. admin

48、istrate 管理管理 v. goal 目标目标 n. clude- close 关门 关门 include 包含包含 n. discuss 讨论讨论 v. history 历史（历史（his+story）n. 9 historical 历史的历史的 adj. theme 主题主题 n. thoroughly 完全地，透彻地完全地，透彻地 adv. material 材料材料 n. exchange 交换交换 v. each other 彼此彼此 rule 规则规则 n. 统治统治 v. ruler 尺子尺子 n. advance 前面前面 n. 前进前进 v. advanced 进步的，高

49、级的进步的，高级的 adj. in advance 提前提前 exit 出口出口 n. ex- 往外往外 it- 走走 (On occasion), I teach a course (called History Matters) (for a group of higher education managers). My goals (for the class) include a full discussion (of historical themes and ideas). (Because I want students) (to thoroughly study the material and exchange their ideas) (with each other) (in the classroom). I have a rule no laptops, iPads, phones, etc. (When students were told my rule) (in advance) (of the class), some of them were not happy. 偶尔，我教一个课/被叫做历史问题/为了一组高级教育的经理。我的目标/对于