（新教材）人教版（2019）高中英语必修第二册语法填空精选.docx

1、1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I remember the last time I had to choose between optimism and fear, between fight and flight. It was right after 9/11. I had _56_ (baby) and I wanted to pack them up and flee to some safer place. The very act of _57_ (have) a child is an optimistic bid on the fut

2、ure. You learn that its your job to tell these little creatures that everythings going to be O.K., _58_ all evidence to the contrary. To do that, you have to find your own way toward hope theres no better insincerity detector than a little kid. So you say to _59_ (you): Yes, my kids will be able to

3、make a good life in a _60_ (peace) place. Yes, theres still time for the nations of the earth _61_ (get) it together; and yes, their history will lean towards justice. Then, for the next 20 years, the world challenges that daring optimism. So time and again you must find it within yourself to choose

4、 hope not for yourself _62_ for them. You look for the helpers. Or do your best to be a helper, rather than get _63_ (drag) down into despair（绝望）. My kids are big now. Grown, but not yet _64_ charge of the world they livein.Sowe _65_ (define) these times together. The two of them will have to discov

5、er their own well of optimism. 【答案】 56. babies57. having58. despite59. yourself60. peaceful 61. to get62. but63. dragged64. in65. will define In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数) across 200 countries, the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier _56_ that most

6、 of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas. BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool _57_ gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a _58_ (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 _59_

7、(consider) healthy. The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased _60_ 2. 1 in women and men. In cities, however, the gain _61_ (be) 1. 3 in women and 1. 6 in men. The researchers described“striking changes” in the geography of BMI. In 1985，urban men and women in more than

8、three quarters of the countries _62_ (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed _63_(sharp). This may be due to some disadvantages for people _64_ (live) in the countryside, including

9、 _65_ (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities. 2 参考答案：56 and57 which/that58 persons59 is considered 60 by61 was62 studied63 sharply64 living65 lower 第二节第二节(共共 10 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分分，满分 15 分分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入（阅读下面短文，在空白处填入（1 个适当的单词）个适当的单词） 或括号

10、内单词的正确形式。或括号内单词的正确形式。 Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e. g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries,56(wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. They kept their collection at home until it got too big57until they died,

11、and then it was given to a museum. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example,58(form)the core collection of the British Museum59opened in 1759. The parts of a museum open to the public60(call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museums collection61(be) on display. M

12、ost of it is stored away or used forresearch. Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors . As well as looking at exhibits , visitors can play with computer simulations(模拟）and imagine62(they) living at a different time in history or 63(walk) through a rainforest. At the Jorvik

13、Centre in York , the citys Viking settlement is recreated , and people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town. Historical64(accurate) is important but so is entertainment. Museums must compete65peoples spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school gro

14、ups and arrange special activities for children. 【答案】【答案】 56.【答案】wealthy 【解析】考查形容词。根据设空处后面的名词 people 可知，这里应用形容词 wealthy 修饰。 57.【答案】or 【解析】考查连词。分析句子结构可知，until it got too big 和 until they died 并列，同时结合语境可知，此 3 处表示选择关系，故用连词 or。 58.【答案】formed 【解析】考查一般过去时。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，同时结合上下文可知，此处的动作发生 在过去，应用一般过去时，故答案

15、为 formed。 59.【答案】which/that 【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句且在定语从句中作主语，先行词为 the British Museum,故此处用关系代词 which/that。 60.【答案】are called 【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。分析句子结构可知，该句主语为 The parts of a museum,设空处为谓 语动词，与主语之间为被动关系，结合语境可知这里为客观事实，故此处用一般现在时的被动语态。 61.【答案】is 【解析】考查一般现在时和主谓一致。根据时间状语 Often 可知该句应用一般现在时，设空处为谓语动词， 主语

16、为 only a small part of a museums collection,是单数形式，故此处用 is。 62.【答案】themselves 【解析】考查反身代词。根据语境可知，主语 visitors 发出的动作 imagine 作用于自身，此处应用反身代词 形式，故答案为 themselves。 63.【答案】walking 【解析】考查 v.-ing 形式。分析句子结构可知，设空处与前面的 living at a different time in history 并列，都 作动词 imagine 的宾语，故此处用 walking。 64. 【答案】 accuracy 【解析】

17、 考查名词。 根据语境和设空处前的修饰词 Historical 可知， 此处应用名词 accuracy 作主语。 65.【答案】for 【解析】考查介词。根据语境可知，此处表达的是”为了人们的空闲时间和金钱与其他的娱乐活动进行竞 4 争,compete for为竞争”，故应用介词 for。 第二节（共第二节（共 10 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分分，满分 15 分）分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Practice does not_36_ (necessary) make perfect.Astudy of violinists fou

18、nd that merely good players practised as much as, if not more than, better players,_37_ (leave) other factors such as quality of tuition, learning skills and perhaps natural talent to account_38_ the difference. The work is the latest blow to the 10,000-hour rule, the idea promoted in Malcolm Gladwe

19、lls 2008 book, Outliers, which has been taken to mean_39_ enough practice will make an expert of anyone. In the book, Gladwell states that “ten thousand hours is the magic number of greatness”. “The idea has become really rooted in our culture, _40_ its an oversimplification,” said Brooke Macnamara,

20、 a psychologist at Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio. “When it comes to human skill, a complex_41_ (combine) of environmental factors, genetic factors and_42_ (they) interactions_43_ (explain) the performance differences across people.” The seed for the 10,000-hour rule was a 1993 s

21、tudy of violinists and pianists_44_ found that_45_ (accumulate) practice time rose with musical prowess. On average, top-ranked violinists had clocked up 10,000 hours of practice by the age of 20, though many had actually putin fewer hours. 【答案】36. necessarily 37. leaving 38. for39. that 40. but41.

22、combination 42. their43. explains 44. which45. accumulated 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。近日，一些研究人员通过研究得出结论“熟不一定能生巧”。 5 【36 题详解】 考查副词。句意：熟不一定能生巧。修饰谓语动词 does not make 需要用副词，作状语。故填 necessarily。 【37 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：一项对小提琴演奏者的研究发现，如果不考虑教学质量、学习技巧和天分等因素 的差异，水平过得去的演奏者和杰出的演奏者练习的时间一样多，甚至可能更多。根据 that 从句的谓语动 词 practised 可知此

23、处要用非谓语动词，此处要用现在分词，作结果状语。故填 leaving。 【38 题详解】 考查介词。句意：一项对小提琴演奏者的研究发现，如果不考虑教学质量、学习技巧和天分等因素的差异， 水平过得去的演奏者和杰出的演奏者练习的时间一样多，甚至可能更多。短语 account for“对负有责任， 对做出解释”，是固定搭配。故填 for。 【39 题详解】 考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：这一研究结果是对“一万小时定律”的最新挑战。马尔科姆格拉德威尔在 2008 年的著作异类中提出了这一定律，他的观点是只要练习得足够多，任何人都可以成为专家。分析 句子可知，此处是一个宾语从句，作 mean 的宾语，因此

24、要用引导词 that，连接 enough practice will make an expert of anyone。故填 that。 【40 题详解】 考查连词。句意：美国俄亥俄州克利夫兰凯斯西储大学的心理学家布鲁克麦克纳马拉则说：“熟能生巧的 观点已经深深植根于我们的文化，但是这种观点过于简单化了。”根据 its an oversimplification 与上文形成 对比转折关系，可知此处要用转折连词 but。故填 but。 【41 题详解】 考查名词。句意：在人类技巧方面，要综合考虑环境、基因及其相互作用来解释人与人之间的表现差异。 根据 a complex 可知此处要用名词。故填

25、combination。 【42 题详解】 考查代词。句意：在人类技巧方面，要综合考虑环境、基因及其相互作用来解释人与人之间的表现差异。 6 根据名词 interactions 可知此处要用形容词性代词 their。故填 their。 【43 题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在人类技巧方面，要综合考虑环境、基因及其相互作用来解释人与人之间的 表现差异。分析句子可知，主语是 a complex combination of environmental factors, genetic factors and their interactions，此处是谓语动词，由从句 When it com

26、es to human skill 可知此处时态也是一般现在时，因此谓 语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故填 explains。 【44 题详解】 考查定语从句关系词。句意：“一万小时定律”的依据来自 1993 年对小提琴和钢琴演奏者的一项研究，这 项研究发现， 累积的练习时间越长， 音乐技能越高超。 分析句子可知， 此处是一个定语从句， 先行词是 a 1993 study，根据定语从句 found that10(accumulate) practice time rose with musical prowess.中缺少主语，可 知此处要用关系代词 which。故填 which。 【45 题详解

27、】 考查形容词。 句意： “一万小时定律”的依据来自 1993 年对小提琴和钢琴演奏者的一项研究， 这项研究发现， 累积的练习时间越长，音乐技能越高超。根据名词 practice time 可知此处要用形容词，作定语。故填 accumulated。 第二节第二节(共共 10 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分分，满分 15 分分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入（阅读下面短文，在空白处填入（1 个适当的单词）个适当的单词） 或括号内单词的正确形式。或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinas first artificial intelligence (AI) textbook for high

28、 school students _56_ (bring) out last week, following a plan by central government_57_ (include)AI courses in primary and secondary school. The nine-chapter textbook,_58_(name)Fundamentals of Artificial Intelligence,was written by outstanding_59_(scholar)from well-known schools nationwide , under t

29、he joint efforts by the research center for MOOC at East China Normal University and AI start-up SenseTime. It includes the history of AI and how the technology can be applied in areas such as facial recognition, self-driving and public security. The textbook focuses not only on basics of Al, but on

30、_ 60_(practice) use of Al in daily life, said Chen Yukun, a professor at East China Normal University,_ 61_ is also a contributor to the book. 7 Up till now, about 40 high schools across the country _62_(undertake) the task of being the first group of AI high education pilot program _63_ introducing

31、 the textbook into the curriculum. The AI sector is facing a talent shortage _64_ (global). The publication of the book is _65_ breakthrough as it takes AI technology out of the ivory tower and makes it part of high school learning, said Lin Dahua, a professor at the Chinese University of Hong Kong.

32、 56.【答案】was brought 【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意为：中国第一本为高中生编写的人工智能教科书于上周出版，在中 央政府提出将人工智能课程纳入中小学（课程中）的计划后。根据时间状语 last week 可知，此处应用一般 过去时；且主语 Chinas.textbook 和 bring out 之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。故填 was brought。 57.【答案】to include 【 解 析 】 考 查 非 谓 语 动 词 。 句 意 见 上 一 题 解 析 。 设 空 处 作 aplan 的 定 语 ， 而 一 些 名 词 如 plan,chance,time,d

33、ecision 等后面一般常用不定式作后置定语，故填 to include。 58.【答案】named 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意为：这本教科书有九个章节，名为人工智能基础 ，是在华东师范大学 慕课研究中心和新兴人工智能公司商汤科技的共同努力下，由全国知名学府的优秀学者撰写的。分析句子 成分可知，空格处作后置定语，修饰 textbook,且与 textbook 之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词形式。 故填 named。 59.【答案】scholars 【解析】考查名词单复数。句意见上一题解析。根据空后的 well-known schools 可知，编写这本书的学者 不止一人，应用复数，故

34、填 scholars。 60.【答案】practical 【解析】考查词性转换。句意为：陈玉飛是华东师范大学的一位教授，也是这本书的编者之一，他说：“这 本教科书不仅关注人工智能的基础知识，而且也关注人工智能在日常生活中的实际运用。”设空处缺少形 容词来修饰后面的名词 use,故填 practical。 61.【答案】who 8 【解析】考查定语从句。句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词 为 Chen Yukun,从句中缺少主语，故填 who。 62.【答案】have undertaken 【解析】考查动词的时态。句意为：到现在为止，全国大约 40 所高中通过

35、在课程中采用（人工智能）教 科书，着手开展了担任第一批人工智能高等教育领航项目的先锋的任务。由前面的 Up till now 可知，此处 应用现在完成时，故填 have undertaken。 63.【答案】by 【解析】考查介词。句意见上一题解析。根据句意可知，此处表示“通过”，故填 by 64.【答案】globally 【解析】考查词性转换。句意为：人工智能领域正面临着全球性的人才短缺。设空处在句中作状语，应用 副词，故填 globally。 65.【答案】a 【解析】考查冠词。句意为：这本书的出版是一项突破，因为它让人工智能技术走出了“象牙塔”，使其成 了高中学习的一部分.空后的 bre

36、akthrough 是可数名词，结合句意可知，此处表示泛指，故填 a。 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On May 15th, China landed its Mars probe,Tianwen-1,on the red planet 56（mark)another contribution to,humanitys exploration of the universe Mars 57_ (capture)humanitys collective imagination for gene

37、rations. The successful landing of Tianwen-1 in Utopia Planitia (乌托邦平原）is 58_ to future missions. Like the space station project and lunar exploration program, China is pursuing the deep space quest for a better future_59_(share)by a, in addition to proving is space capacity. Mars is at the forefron

38、t of international deep space exploration.It can help humanity go deeper into space and provide first-hand data fr research,such as the origin and_60_(evolve) of the solar system and life. Mars, 61_can be reached with existing space capabilities,is also a potential target for crewed landing missions

39、 as its environment is closest to 62 _of the earth 9 The independent mission had endured a near 10-month journey 63_the final moment of landing came.A 64_(relative) flat region in the southern part of the Utopia Planitia was chosen for the landing and scientific research value.Earlier research showe

40、d the landing site might be the edge of an ancient ocean or lake in the early history of Mars.Now,Chinese scientists65_(look)for more evidence of water-ice, and will share the data with their international counterparts. 【答案】 56. marking 57. has captured 58. a 59. shared 60. Evolution 61. which 62. t

41、hat 63. before/until 64. relatively 65. are looking 第二节第二节(共共 10 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分分，满分 15 分分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入（阅读下面短文，在空白处填入（1 个适当的单词）个适当的单词） 或括号内单词的正确形式。或括号内单词的正确形式。 Scientists have known for years that people who exercise tend to live longer than those who do not . Perhaps one of the best things

42、we can do forour bodies is to56(simple) take a walk .Some people might think that walking is not intense(剧烈的) enough57(offer) any health benefits . They may say that playing sports or running hard would be much better because they tend to use more energy. Walking also has many58(hide) benefits, whic

43、h we are just starting to understand. One of the best things about walking is that it can strengthen our heart s .Walking will pump blood faster and give our circulatory system(血液循环系统）a workout. This also helps to control blood59(press). As a result, we can lower60chance of having a stroke by up to

44、27 percent. Even a short 30-minute walk613 kilometers per hour can burn 75 calories for a person who62( weigh ) 60 kilograms . A daily walking routine can be a good part of an overall weight loss plan. Studies show that about 75 percent of people who try to lose weight by63(jog)will give up within s

45、ix months. Walking causes the brain to release endorphins(内啡肽）throughout the body,65helps to lighten our mood. They also make us feel65(relax) ,more alert and happier. Walking is an excellent way to reduce stress and anger. 56.【答案】simply 10 【解析】考查副词。句意：也许我们能为自己的身体做的最好的事情之一就是简单地散个步。此处是修饰 动词短语 take a

46、walk,故用副词形式。 57. 【答案】to offer 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：有些人可能认为散步的强度不足以提供任何健康益处。此处 be enough to do sth.意为”足够做某事” ，此处应该用动词不定式，故填 to offer。 58. 【答案】hidden 【解析】考查形容词。句意：散步也有很多潜在的好处，这一点我们才开始明白。hidden隐藏的,修饰名 词 benefits。故填 hidden。 59. 【答案】pressure 【解析】考查词性转换。句意：这也能够帮助控制血压。分析句子结构可知，空处作动词 control 的宾语， 故填名词。 60. 【答案】th

47、e 【解析】考查冠词。句意：因此，我们可以将中风的概率降低高达 27%。此处特指中风的概率。 61. 【答案】at 【解析】考查介词。此处表示即使是以每小时 3 千米的速度步行 30 分钟，对于一个重 60 公斤的人来说， 也能燃烧 75 卡路里。 此处介词 at 表示” 以， 达” ， at.kilometers per hour 相当于短语 at the speed of.kilometers per hour。 62. 【答案】weighs 【解析】考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少谓语动词，结合全文的时态可知，此 处应用一般现在时，又因为此处为定语从句，先行词为 a

48、person, who 在从句中作主语指代 a person, 故填 weigh 的第三人称单数形式。 63. 【答案】jogging 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：研究表明，在试图通过慢跑减肥的人中，约有 75%的人将在 6 个月内放 弃。介词 by 后面应该跟动名词作宾语，注意要双写字母 g。 11 得分锦囊需双写最后一个辅音字母加-ing 的动词还有：beginbeginning 开始；cutcutting 切，割；dig digging 挖，掘；dropdropping 放弃；forgetforgetting 忘记；getgetting 得到；hithitting 打，撞击； letl

49、etting 让；runrunning 跑步；sitsitting 坐 setsetting 设置；shopshopping 购物；stopstopping 停止；swimswimming 游泳 trip-tripping 绊；putputting 放；preferpreferring 更喜欢；planplanning 计划。 64. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知，此处是一个非限制性定语从句，which 指前面的句 子的内容。 65. 【答案】more relaxed 【解析】考查形容词的比较级。句意：它们还能让我们感觉到更放松、更警觉更快乐。散步是减少压

50、力和 愤怒的好方法。人作逻辑主语，因此用形容词 relaxed”放松的，自在的，不拘束的” 。空处与 more alert 和 happier 并列，故用比较级。 第二节第二节(共共 10 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分分，满分 15 分分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入（阅读下面短文，在空白处填入（1 个适当的单词）个适当的单词） 或括号内单词的正确形式。或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Silk Road was a passage for the transportation of silk in ancient times. Lots of relics on the roa