（2021新牛津译林版）高中英语必修三Unit1-Unit2语法复习学案.doc

1、1 学生姓名：学生姓名： 辅导内容：辅导内容：B3 U1 not as betterB. more cheap; not as better C. cheaper; not as goodD. more cheap; not as well KEYS:CC 三）三） 复合句中的省略：复合句中的省略： (1) 宾语从句： that 引导宾语从句时可省略，但如果有两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，只有第一个 that 可以省略。The 2 teacher said (that) Tom was a clever boy and _ he liked him. wh-疑问词引导宾语从句且后面的内容与前面重

2、复时，可以把重复的内容省去，而保留 wh-疑问词 Tom was sad, but I dont know why (he was sad). (2) 定语从句：关系代词作宾语时常省略 A. 在限定性定语从句中，关系代词 that, which, whom 作宾语且不位于介词之后常省略。 This is the room (_) LuXun once lived in. 6.Why does she always ask you for help? There is no one else _, is there? A. who to turn toB. she can turn toC. f

3、or whom to turnD. for her to turn 7.Do you have anything to say for yourselves? Yes, theres one point_ we must insist on. A. whyB. whereC. howD. / b. way 和 time 后接定语从句的情况 the way 后的定语从句 1)I dont like the way _ you speak to her. 2)This is the way _ really works. 3)This is the way _ he uses to solve t

4、he problem. 先行词是 time 时，表“次数”用关系代词 that 引导定语从句 (可省略)； 表“一段时间”用关系副词 when 或介词 at/ during which 8.Do you know our town at all? No, this is the first time I _ here. A. wasB. have beenC. cameD. am coming 9.There was _time _I hated to go to school. A. a; thatB. a; whenC. the; thatD. the; when KEYS: The te

5、acher said (that) Tom was a clever boy and that he liked him. This is the room (that/which) LuXun once lived in. 6-7BD 1)I dont like the way (that/in which) you speak to her. 2)This is the way that/which really works. 3)This is the way (that/which)he uses to solve the problem. 8-9BB (3) 状语从句中的省略： 在时

6、间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致，或从句主语是 it，且从句中含有 be 动词时， 可以将从句主语和 be 动词省略。 这类省略句结构紧凑， 语言简练， 流畅。 I usually memorize twenty new words a day and put them to use whenever (it is) possible. 条件 if/ unless/ once Once (it is) seen, it will never be forgotten. If _(heat), water will boil. I wont attend your we

7、dding unless _ (invite). 时间 when/ while/ as As（he was）a young man,Abraham Lincoln was a storekeeper and a postman. When in Rome, do as the Romans do. 地点 where/ wherever Lei Feng was always ready to give help wherever _ (need). 让步 even if (though) / though/ no matter wh- I wont go even if invited. 原因

8、 Since (I am) well again, I can go on with my work. 比较 than You came later than _(require). 方式 as/ as if (though) He opened his lips as if _ (speak). 10. It was a nice meal, _a little expensive. A. thoughB. whetherC. asD. since 11.When _, the museum will be open to the public next year. 3 A. complet

9、edB. completingC. being completedD. to be completed (4) 强调句型中的省略： 12. Where did you get to know her? It was on the farm _ we worked. A. thatB. thereC. whichD. where KEYS: If (it is) heated, water will boil. I wont attend your wedding unless (I am) invited. Lei Feng was always ready to give help wher

10、ever (it is) needed. You came later than (you are) required. He opened his lips as if (he was) to speak. 10-12AAD 四）四） 几种特殊的省略：几种特殊的省略： 1) 动词不定式的省略： 有时为了避免重复，可以用 to 来代替前面的不定式，这种情况常出现在下列动词之后： expect，hope，intend, wish，mean，prefer，want，promise，care，try，hate；need，plan； 或出现在下列短语结构之后：would like，would love

11、，be going，be gladhappy，be willing 等。 不定式的否定式的省略用 not to Shall I go instead of him? I prefer not to. He wanted to swim across the river but I warned him not to. 13. Would you like to join me for a quick lunch before class? _, but I promised Nancy to go out with her. A. Id like toB. I like itC. I dont

12、D. I will 14. Does your brother intend to study Germany? Yes, he intends _. A. /B. toC. soD. that 15. The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police _. A. not to doB. not toC. not doD. do not 如果不定式中含有 be 或作助动词用的 have, have been 时, 则这些词要保留。 China is no longer what it

13、used to be. John didnt come, but he ought to have. A. I didnt tell him the news. Oh, you ought to_.你本应该告诉他的。 b. Was the work finished then? 当时工作完成了吗? No, but it _. 没有，不过本应该完成的。 c. Is your father a teacher? 你的爸爸是一名教师吗? No, but _. 不，但他过去是。 表示过去没有实现的愿望、期待或计划，可以用下列表达： A. intended to have done = had inte

14、nded to do 类似的词有：plan, hope, expect, mean, want, think, 还可用 would like/ love to have done b. was/ were to have done 表示未曾实现的计划 c. was / were going to 有本打算之意 16. Tom, you didnt come to the party last night? I _, but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do. A. had toB. didntC. was going toD. wouldnt

15、 2) 虚拟语气中 should 的省略 在含有建议、要求、命令等相关的名词性从句用 should + V，should 可以省略。 He suggested that she (should ) go at once.但 suggest 表示“暗示” 时用陈述语气 17. Janes pale face suggested that she _ ill, and her parents suggested that she _ a medical examination. A. be; should haveB. was; haveC. should be; hadD. was; has 3

16、) 在否定结构中（由 nor，neither 等引导的连续否定的句子也是一种省略句，这种句子在意思上与前面的 句子是相同的，而且主谓用倒装。） If you dont go to the party, _ I.我也不去。 4 18. Mary never does any reading in the evening, _. A. so does JohnB. John does tooC. John doesnt tooD. nor does John 4) 惯用的省略结构： (It is) no/ little / small wonder （或 No wonder）难怪 无动词祈使句或不

17、定式感叹句 No smoking! / To think you are so foolish! 想不到你这么笨！ What about / How about ?How about going for an outing tomorrow? What if ? 如果怎么办？What if they dont agree with us? 19. Brad was Janes brother! _ he reminded me so much of Jane! A. No doubtB. Above allC. No wonderD. Of course KEYS: 13-15ABB A. I

18、 didnt tell him the news. Oh, you ought to have.你本应该告诉他的。 b. Was the work finished then? 当时工作完成了吗? No, but it ought to have been. 没有，不过本应该完成的。 c. Is your father a teacher? 你的爸爸是一名教师吗? No, but he used to be. 不，但他过去是。 16-17CB If you dont go to the party, neither/nor shall/will I.我也不去。 18-19DC 四、省略和替代四

19、、省略和替代 1) 我们还可以用 so 或 not 代替上文内容（往往代替一个从句） If not/ so/any/ ever He may be at home then. If so (he is at home), leave him a note. 20. It sounds like something is wrong with the cars engine. _, wed better take it to the garage immediately. A. OtherwiseB. If notC. But for thatD. If so 21. The climate h

20、ere is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely, _，reaching 30 in summer. A. if notB. if everC. if anyD. if so 下列否定表达只有一种：I fear not. / I guess not. / I hope not. / Im afraid not. 以下否定式有两种： I think/ believe/ expect/ suppose/ imagine not. = I dont think/ believe/ expect/ suppose/ imagine so. 22. You sh

21、ould apologize to her, Barry. _, but its not going to be easy. A. I suppose soB. I feel soC. I prefer toD. I like to 23. Is it all right if I keep this photo? _. A. No, you dontB. No. it shouldntC. Im afraid notD. Dont keep it 2) do用来代替动词或动词加其他成分， 更常用于比较状语从句 （从句中除助动词、 情态动词和系动词be 外， 其他动词不能重复使用，须用动词 d

22、o 的适当形式代替。） He can swim better than I can. You are younger than I am. He doesnt run faster than I do. I know you better than he _. （我比他更了解你。） 24. We got here Tuesday afternoon. _ Why didnt you call us earlier? A. Good luck!B. You did?C. Its no surprise. D. You are welcome 25. Dont take too much of t

23、he medicine; it does you more harm than good if you_. A. doB. takeC. likeD. have KEYS: 20-23 DBAC I know you better than he does. （我比他更了解你。） 24-25BA 5 作定语和结果状语的不定式作定语和结果状语的不定式 不定式是动词的非谓语形式之一，有很多功能，这其中包括作定语和结果状语。 动词不定式作定语的用法动词不定式作定语的用法 动词不定式作定语一般不止一个词，通常都是动词不定式短语。因此，作定语的动词不定式放在名词 或代词的后面，起修饰和限制作用。如： H

24、ouse prices are too high, so I have no room to live in. I have to hire a room. He showed me the way to do the job. Today is Sunday. I have nothing to do. 放在名词或代词后面作定语的不定式和名词或代词常构成以下关系： 1.前面的名词或代词是不定式的逻辑主语，不定式用主动形式。如： Yang Liwei was the first Chinese astronaut to go into space. He is the most suitabl

25、e person to do the job. 2.前面的名词或代词是不定式的逻辑宾语，但不定式的逻辑主语是句子的主语，不定式用主动形式。 如： I have a meeting to attend. I am hungry and I want to find something to eat. 这种结构中，如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词，不能忽视介词。如： Now we can not find any ice to skate on. =There is no ice (for us) to skate on. This is a good topic (for us) to talk

26、about. 3.前面的名词或代词是不定式的逻辑宾语，但不定式的逻辑主语不是句子的主语或不定式没有主语， 不定式用被动形式。如： -Mary, do you have any clothes to be washed after supper. -.No. Thank you. Mother! 这个对话又可以进行这样的变化： -Mary, do you have any clothes for me to wash after supper. -.No. Thank you. Mother! The house to be built there will be a hospital. 4.不

27、定式的意思完整，和前面的名词或代词没有动作上的关系，仅起修饰作用。不定式用主动形式。 如： He showed me the way to do the work. She expressed a hope to read the novel again. 动词不定式作结果状语的用法动词不定式作结果状语的用法 动词不定式作结果状语常表示出乎预料的结果，常和 only 连用。如： He hurried to the station, only to find the train had left. 动词不定式作结果状语和现在分词作结果状语完全不同。现在分词作结果状语表示顺理成章的结果。 比较：

28、He woke up, only to find he was staying at a hospital. It rained and rained last month, causing the water in the river to rise. 无论是不定式还是现在分词作结果状语，都只能放在句尾，并且用逗号隔开。不定式还可以作目的状 语，这个不定式常写成 to do，也可写成 in order to/so as to。to do 和 in order to 结构既可放置句首，也可放 置在句尾；而 so as to 放置在句尾，不能放在句首。不定式作目的状语放在句尾一般不用逗号隔开；不

29、定 式作目的状语放在句首一般用逗号隔开。如： I will sit in the front to/in order to/so as to hear more clearly. He stayed at the school to/in order to/so as to clean the classroom. To/In order to keep his enemy out of his country, Emperor Qinshihuang had the Great Wall built. In order to/To get there in time, they starte

30、d early. 这种不定式作目的状语的结构还可以用 so that/in order that(为了，以便)来进行改写，变成目的状语从 句。 In order to/To get there in time, they started early.=They started early so that/in order that they could get there in time. 此外，动词不定式作结果状语也可表示顺理成章的结果，一般用在以下的固定结构里面。 A. too.to., .enough to., so.as to.的结构 He is too young to look a

31、fter himself. She has enough money to buy the house. Mary sang so beautifully as to take the first place. 6 这种结构常可以 so.that./such.that./so that(因而)来进行改写，变成结果状语从句。 He is too young to look after himself.=He is so young that he cannot look after himself. She has enough money to buy the house.=She has s

32、uch enough money that she can buy the house. Mary sang so beautifully as to take the first place.=Mary sang so beautifully, so that she took the first place. 注意：so that 引导的结果状语从句一定要和前面的主句用逗号隔开。 B. never to.的结构 He left the factory, never to return. 巩固练习：用所给词的正确形式填空。 Mr. Li is the general manager of a

33、 company in Nantong. Every day he has a lot of things (1)_(do), ranging from sending his daughter to school to dealing with (2)_(vary) of documents in his office. A funny thing happened to him recently. He had an important meeting (3)_(attend) in Shanghai last Friday. He got up early the next mornin

34、g (4)_(catch) the first bus to Shanghai. To his surprise, the traffic was too heavy and it took him more time to get to the bus station than usual. He hurried to the station, (5)_(find) the early had left. He had to take a taxi to go to Shanghai. Luckily enough, the driver was so helpful as (6)_(tak

35、e) him to Shanghai in time. It was funny to hurry to the bus station to take a taxi, but it is worthwhile to do so. KEYS:1.to do 2.varieties 3.to attend 4.to catch 5.to find 6.to take 【素材积累】【素材积累】 head 头部动作头部动作 1. His head drooped and tears fell onto his lap. 他的头垂下来，眼泪落在他的膝盖上。 2. He fell asleep as s

36、oon as his head hit the pillow. 他头一碰到枕头就睡着了。 3. So anxious/scared Tom that he trembled from head to toe. 汤姆着急/害怕得从头到脚都发抖。 face/cheek 脸部动作脸部动作 1. His face suddenly grew serious. 他的脸色突然变得严肃起来。 2. He came to her with a very long face. 他摆着一副臭脸来找她。 3. She rested her cheek on his shoulder. 她把脸颊靠在他的肩膀上 eye

37、 眼部动作眼部动作 1. The dogs hungry eyes fell on his sandwich.狗饥饿的眼神落在他的三明治上。 2. His eyes scanned the room as he entered. 当他走进房间时，他的眼睛扫视了一下房间。 mouth 嘴部动作嘴部动作 His jaw dropped when he saw the phone bill. 当看到电话账单时，他极为惊讶。 【精题精练精讲】【精题精练精讲】 一、语法练习（1） 1. When _, the building will be used as a school for children

38、from poor families. A. completedB. completingC. to be completedD. is completing 2. In our class Marys English is better than _. A. anybody elseB. anybodys EnglishC. anybody elseD. anybody elses 3. -Does your brother intend to learn to sing this song? -Yes, he intends _. A. soB. toC. thatD. it 4. We

39、must keep the factory _ poisonous gases into air. A. sendingB. to sendC. from sendingD. send 5.-Susan, go on. Your sister is cleaning the yard. -Why _? John is sitting there doing nothing. A. himB. heC. ID. me 6. If you have a job，yourself to it and finally youll succeed. A. do devoteB. dont devoteC

40、. devotingD. not devoting 7 Keys: ADBCDA 解析： 1. 如果状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，状语从句的结构是“从属连词+主语+be 动词+其它结构”，状语 从句中的“主语+be 动词”可省略。 2. anybody elses 等于 anybody elses English, 避免 English 重复。 3.省略和前文相同的动词短语。 4. keep sb doing 和 keep sb from doing 是完全不同的结构，不能乱省。 5. 作主语的人称代词 I 在省略了全部谓语或谓语动词时用宾格形式。 6. 此处应是祈使句，又谓语动词的强调要借

41、助助动词。句意为：“如果你有了一份工作，付出努力去做它， 最后你定能成功。” 二、语法练习（2） 1. After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress, Anne Benedict went onall the people who had helped in her career. A. to thankB. thankingC. having thankedD. to have thanked 2. Sometimes I act as listening ear for fellow students _ what is bot

42、hering them A. to talk overB. talked overC. talk overD. having talked over 3. _ more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course. A. LearnB. LearnedC. To learnD. To be learning 4. _the early flight，we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early. A. Ca

43、tchingB. CaughtC. To catchD. Catch 5. This machine is very easy.Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes. A. operatingB. to be operatingC. operatedD. to operate 6. Tom took a taxi to the airport, only _ his plane high up in the sky. A. findingB. to findC. being foundD. to have found 7. If he tak

44、es on this work, he will have no choice but _ an even greater challenge. A. meetsB. meetingC. meetD. to meet 8. Birdssinging is sometimes a warning to other birds _ away. A. to stayB. stayingC. stayedD. stay 9. George returned after the war, only _ that his wife had left him. A. to be toldB. telling

45、C. being toldD. told 10. No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times when its bettersilent. A. remainB. be remainingC. having remainedD. to remain 11. I rememberedthe door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights. A. lockingB. to lockC. having lockedD.to have locked 答案与

46、解析：答案与解析： 1. A。句意：在获得奥斯卡最佳女配角后，Anne Benedict 继续感谢所有帮助她演义生涯的人。go on to do 继续做不同的事情。 2.A。 talk over 讨论， 根据分析， 可知 act as a listening ear for fellow student to do sth 中的 to do sth 是作 student 的宾语补足语。句意：有时我充当一个倾听者来倾听我的同学们讨论他们的烦心事。 3. C。这里是动词不定式形式作目的状语。该句意思为：为了更多了解到中国文化，杰克决定选择中国传 统音乐作为选修课。 4. C。从选项及句子结构看，本

47、题考查非谓语动词。根据句意：提前预定出租车和早起的目的是“为了赶上 早的航班”，用不定式表目的。 5. D。在句型“主语+be+ adj .+ to do”中，如果这个主语是动词 do 的逻辑宾语，故用主动表被动，所以选 D。 6. B。句意为：汤姆打车赶到机场，结果发现他要乘坐的飞机已经飞入高空了。此处 only 后接不定式表示 意想不到的结果。 7. D。所填词与前文构成固定句型 have no choice but to do sth.，故选 D。 8.A。此题调整句子的顺序会更好理解：Birds singing is sometimes a warning _away to other

48、 birds.不定 式 to stay away 作定语修饰 warning，后面那个 to 是“对来说”的意思。 9.A。此处only to do/be done表示意料之外的结果；现在分词作结果状语则表示自然的结果。这里George和 tell之间是被动关系，因此用to be told。句意：乔治战争后回到家，结果被告知妻子已经离开了。 10. D。it 做形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式：to remain silent. 可归结为句型：it is +形容词/名词+to do/that。当然 it 也可以作形式宾语，如 find/feel it +to do/that. 8 11. B

49、。 Remember 后面既可以接不定式， 也可以接动名词， 如果选择 A， 这与后面的 before I left the office 是相矛盾的，只能选择答案 B。C 和 D 都是完成时，他们表示比主句动词发生的时 间更早，没有必要。 三、语法填空（江苏省南京市江苏省南京市 20202021 学年度高一下学期期中考试英语模拟考试卷学年度高一下学期期中考试英语模拟考试卷） Pottery(陶器)may be the oldest artwork of human beings. As far back as more than 8,000 years ago, people in Chin

50、a first made pottery by mixing clay with water and1(bake) it until it held its shape. Ancient people attached the word “pottery” to their discovery and used it to create various vessels and tools2(improve) the quality of life. As time passed, the technique became perfect. Different kinds of pottery