（2021新外研版）高中英语选择性必修四 Unit 3 The world meets China Using languageppt课件.pptx

1、Using language 一一、条件状语从句条件状语从句 1.引导条件状语从句的常见从属连词(短语)有: if、unless、as/so long as、in case (万一)、once、on condition that、 provided/providing (that)、supposing/suppose (that)、assuming that (假设)等。 Youll fail the exam unless you study hard. They agreed to lend us the car on condition that we returned it befor

2、e the weekend. My parents dont mind what job I do as long as I am happy. Adverbial clauses 2.only if和if only的区别 only if意为“只有”,置于句首时主句的主谓要用部分倒装。 if only意为“但愿;要是就好了”,引导的从句要用虚拟语气:与现在的 情况相反时,从句用一般过去时;与过去的情况相反时,从句用过去完成 时;与将来的情况相反时,谓语用“would/could+动词原形”。 Only if he studies harder can he catch up with othe

3、rs. If only it would stop raining! 二二、让步状语从句让步状语从句 1.although、though、as与while引导的让步状语从句 Although he is considered a great writer , his works are not widely read. Although this may sound like a simple task , great care is needed. while也可以引导让步状语从句,但只能放在句首,意为“虽然;尽管”。 While he loves his students , he is

4、very strict with them. 2.even if与even though引导的让步状语从句 even if与even though表示“即使,纵然”,引导让步状语从句时,可用 虚拟语气,也可以用陈述语气。 Ill do it , even if it takes me all afternoon. Even if I were in your place , I wouldnt take the job. 3.“疑问词+-ever”引导的让步状语从句 however、whatever、whoever、whenever等引导的让步状语从句相 当于“no matter+疑问词”,意

5、为“无论”。 Wherever/No matter where you go , I would keep you company. 4.whether.or.引导的让步状语从句 Whether or not he will stay , I really dont care. 三、时间状语从句 1.when、while和as引导的时间状语从句 连词含义用法 when当时候 可与延续性动词或非延续性动词连用;从句动作可 以发生在主句动作之前、之后或与主句动作同时发 生 while当时候 只可与延续性动词连用;侧重于主句动作与从句动 作相对比 as 一边一 边;随着 常与延续性动词连用;从句动作

6、与主句动作同时或 几乎同时发生 Researchers in Britain found that when French music was played , sales of French wines went up. While watching TV , children do not merely absorb words and images. As he grew older , he became less active. 如果主句表示的是非延续性动作,而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表 示在一段时间内正在进行的动作,则when、while与as可互换使用。 When/While/

7、As I was walking down the street , I came across an old friend. 2.表示“一就”含义的词或短语引导的时间状语从句 (1)有的名词短语或副词可引导时间状语从句,如:the moment、the minute、the second、the instant、immediately、directly、 instantly等。另外as soon as也可引导时间状语从句,从句中用一般时态 代替将来时态。 For example , the moment you get on the airplane , start adjusting yo

8、ur biological clock to the destinations time. The boy ran off the minute he saw the owner of the orchard. (2)在hardly/scarcely.when.和no sooner.than.结构中,主句用过去完 成时,than或when所在的从句用一般过去时。 I had hardly told him the news when he stopped listening. He had no sooner finished his speech than the students star

9、ted cheering. 在hardly/scarcely.when.与no sooner.than.结构中,当hardly , scarcely或no sooner位于句首时,主句要用部分倒装。 They had hardly reached Edinburgh when they were ordered to return to London. =Hardly had they reached Edinburgh when they were ordered to return to London. 3.till,until和not.until/till的用法 until与till两者

10、均表示“直到为止”,引导时间状语从句。 肯定句中,其主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词,表示某动作一直延续到 某时间为止。 not.until.与not.till.两者均表示“直到才”,not所在的主句的 谓语动词必须为非延续性动词,表示某动作直到某时间才开始。until 可用于句首,而till不可放在句首,till一般不用于强调句型。 The father waited until his daughter finished her homework. The baby didnt go to bed until/till his mother returned. 4.after、before引导

11、的时间状语从句 after表示“在之后”;before表示“在之前;还没来得及就”。 He changed his name after he left his hometown. Before modern medicine changed the laws of nature , many children died of common childhood diseases. 5.since引导的时间状语从句 since意为“自从以来”,从句的谓语动词一般是非延续性动词,主 句的谓语动词一般是延续性动词。since从句的时态若是一般过去 时,主句常用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。 They

12、have been friends since they met for the first time in London. It has been three years since the war ended. 6.其他常见名词短语引导的时间状语从句 every time每次、each time每次、any time任何时候、next time下次、the first/last time第一次/最后一次。 Every time I meet her I always forget her name. The first time I met her , I thought her nice

13、 and honest. 四四、原因状语从句原因状语从句 1.原因状语从句通常由because、since、as、now that等连词引导。 连词 区别 位置内涵能否回答why问句能否被强调 because主句前或后直接原因能能 as(由于)主句前或后 双方都知 道的原因 否否since/now that(既然) 主句前 Now that youve got a chance , you might as well make full use of it. We had better hurry as its getting dark. 2.seeing that.(由于;鉴于)、consi

14、dering that.(考虑到;鉴于)也可 引导原因状语从句。 Seeing (that) the weather is bad , well stay at home. Considering (that) it is handmade , the price seems reasonable. 五五、地点状语从句地点状语从句 地点状语从句可由where、wherever和everywhere引导。 You should make it a rule to leave things where you can find them again. Everywhere they went ,

15、the distinguished guests were warmly welcomed. where既可以引导定语从句,也可以引导地点状语从句。引导定语 从句时,从句前应该有一个表示地点的名词作先行词,where可以 变为“介词+关系代词”形式;而状语从句前则没有先行词。 Put the book at the place where you took it.(定语从句) Put the book where you took it.(状语从句) 六六、结果状语从句结果状语从句 引导结果状语从句的从属连词有:so that(因此)、so.that.(如此以 至于)、such.that.(如

16、此以至于)等。 so.that.与such.that.引导结果状语从句的结构形式为: so+形容词/副词+that从句 so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+that从句 so+many/much/few/little(少)+名词+that从句 such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that从句 such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that从句 such+a lot of/lots of+名词+that从句 在so.that.和such.that.结构中,当“so+adj./adv.”或“such+n.” 置于句首时,主句要部分倒装。 So fast did he run that

17、 I couldnt catch him. He is so experienced a worker that we all believe him. =He is such an experienced worker that we all believe him. 七七、目的状语从句目的状语从句 1.in order that与so that引导的目的状语 两个短语都意为“以便;为了”,其引导的状语从句中谓语应用 “could/should/might/would+动词原形”。in order that比so that正式, 其引导的状语从句可置于主句之前或之后;而so that引导的从

18、句只能置于 主句之后。 Speak louder so that/in order that the people in the hall can all hear you. In order that we might get there on time , we should set out early. 2.for fear that(唯恐）与in case（以防）引导的目的状语从句 Leave your key with your neighbour in case you lock yourself out one day. 八八.比比较状语从句较状语从句 比较状语从句一般位于句尾,

19、常用 as.as、not as/so.as、比较级+than引导。 He is taller than any other student in our school. John plays football as well as , if not better than , David. 九九、方式状语从方式状语从句句 引导方式状语从句的从属连词有:as(正如,按照)、as if/though as if或as though引导的从句与事实相反时,通常用虚拟语气:与现在事实 相反时,从句用一般过去时;与过去事实相反时,从句谓语用“had+过去分 词”;与将来事实相反时,从句谓语用“would

20、/could/might+动词原形”。从 句内容与事实相符或可能成为事实时,则用陈述句语气。 Please do as the teacher tells you to do. They treat her as though she were their daughter. Look at the clouds! It looks as if it is going to rain. 选词填空 as long as ,in case , so that , as though , even though , now that 1.Dad brought a notebook along to

21、 the beach, he was seized by sudden inspiration. 2.They may be able to help with childcare you can have a break. 3.my heart still beats , I will go on working for people. in case so that As long as 4. _Im quite a reserved person , I like meeting people. 5. _we are all part of the global village , ev

22、eryone becomes a neighbour. 6.It looks a compromise agreement has now been reached. Even though Now that as though 1. b c d a Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions. Yo-Yo Ma is a French-born Chinese American cellist known for his musical talent. In 1998, Ma founded

23、Silkroad, an organisation that explores musical traditions in countries 1_. The fundamental purpose of Silkroad is to bring people from across the globe together to play and listen to music. Instruments and styles are blended together to create music that is surprising, rich, and completely original

24、, 2_. Whats more, 3_, people can learn about the development of culture as a whole. Complete the passage with the clauses in the box. so that people can learn about different cultures no matter what culture it comes from as the traditional is mixed with the modern The events that Silkroad organises

25、are either performances, workshops, or mixed musical-artistic displays. It is so successful 4_. People meet as strangers, but they leave 5_, learning that different cultures have more in common than they imagined. that over 15,000 people each year attend them as if they are neighbours Look at the pi

26、cture and describe it using adverbial clauses where appropriate. You may use the information to help you. Since HSR service started in China in 2008, it has undergone rapid growth. The experience of train travel suddenly became much more efficient and enjoyable because journeys were not only much fa

27、ster but also more comfortable. Chinas HSR had another technological leap when a major breakthrough was made in 2015, using independent R&D. Travellers have become so accustomed to the incredible speed of HSR that many of us have already forgotten the old, slow trains of just a decade ago. Now, Chin

28、a cooperates with dozens of countries around the world in order to share its groundbreaking technology and develop HSR services overseas. Zhang Qian , a diplomat, gave a reliable account of the lands of Central Asia for the Han court. Read the timeline and find out what contributions each person mad

29、e. Pay attention to the expressions in bold. The second century BC: Gan Ying , a military envoy, explored the Persian Gulf and became the first Chinese to get information on Europe. The first century AD: Xuanzang , a Chinese monk, scholar and traveller, translated volumes of scriptures from Sanskrit

30、 to Chinese and wrote The Great Tang Dynasty Record of the Western Regions, a description of the countries he visited on his travels. The 7th century: After six attempts, over a perod of twelve years, Chinese monk Jianzhen arrived in Japan , where he promoted exchange and understanding between China

31、 and Japan. The 8th century: Marco Polos travelled from Europe to Asia. The Travels of Marco Polo served to bring knowledge of Asia to the West. The 13th century: The 15th century: Zheng He sailed to South-east Asia, South Asia, West Asia, and East Africa. Some of his voyages comprised as many as si

32、xty treasure ships. These voyages led to legacy of cultural exchange between China and other countries. Qian Zhongshu was a renowned literary scholar and writer. Born in 1910 in Jiangsu Province, he showed a strong interest in books at a very young age, earning him the name” Zhongshu”, which means f

33、ondness for books. His translations and writings 1_ of cultural exchange between China and the West that continues to this day. In 1929, Qian was accepted into the Department of Foreign Languages at Tsinghua University. In 1935 , he went to Europe. He spent two years at Oxford University, where he s

34、tudied and 2_English literature. He also studied in Paris for a year, before returning to China to teach. In addition to studying Western literature, he wrote a number of works on Chinese culture. led to a legacy got information on Complete the passage with the correct form of the expressions in Act

35、ivity 5. Qian was an expert in both Chinese and Western languages and culture. This made him an excellent translator, who 3_ between Western and Chinese academics. Selected and Annotated Song Dynasty Poetry was one of the many works he 4_ Chinese to English . One of Qians great achievements was to p

36、roduce comparative studies of classical Chinese texts, which made these works more accessible to Western readers. These book helped 5_ Chinese literature to the West. promoted exchange and understanding translated from bring knowledge of The Confucius Institute is a non-profit educational organisati

37、on run by the Chinese Ministry of Education, aiming to promote Chinese language and culture abroad and to encourage cultural exchange. The first institute opened in 2004, and today there are over 500 institutes around the world. In addition to Chinese language courses, the institutes also support ac

38、tivities, such as art exhibitions, concerts and film festivals. Did You Know? 1, 4, 5 Liang Ran spent 1_ abroad working as a teacher at 2_. He said it was a difficult decision, because it would mean 3_ . Finally, he decided to go as he wanted to help foreigners learn Chinese and learn about China. H

39、e also wanted to 4_. _At first, Liang was surprised at 5_ , as they were quite varied. They were all interested in Chinese culture, however. One challenge they met was that they 6_, so Liang had to give them a lot of support. a whole year the Confucius Institute in New York delaying his studies expe

40、rience life abroad and learn about Western culture the different ages of the students had some difficulty with Chinese characters Listen again and complete the passage. Liangs most memorable experience was at the end of the year when students learnt about traditional Chinese dancing and 7_. Liang sa

41、id their 8_ was amazing. Working there made Liang a better person. Through teaching Chinese, he 9_, and through interacting with students, he 10_. Chinese costumes enthusiasm became even more proud of China learnt more about the world Now talk about the role the Confucius Institute plays in promoting intercultural exchange. Giving reasons Drawing conclusions The reason why . is that . That was due to. On the whole, . To sum up, . In short, . Complete the boxes with the expressions from the conversation. Thank you !