2022年新高考英语一轮专项练习：58　阅读理解＋读后续写（含解析）.docx

1、练习 58阅读理解读后续写 .阅读理解 A 2021浙江卷 1 月议论文300 词 Atthestartofthe20thcentury, anAmericanengineernamedJohnElfrethWatkinsmadepredictionsaboutlifetoday.Hispredictionsaboutsl owingpopulationgrowth, mobilephonesandincreasingheightwereclosetothemark.Buthewaswronginoneprediction :thateverybod ywouldwalk10milesaday

2、. Today,inAustralia,mostchildrenonaveragefall2， 000stepsshortofthephysicalactivitytheyneedtoavoidbeingoverweight.Intheearly1970s, 40percentofchildrenwalkedtoschool, whilein2010, itwasaslowas15percent. Thedeclineisnotbecausewehaveallbecomelazy.Familiesarepressedfortime, manywithbothparentsworkingtopa

3、yfortheirhouse,oftenworkinghoursnotoftheirchoosing, livingincardependentneighborhoodswithlimitedpublictransport. Theothersideofthecoinisequallyadeprivation: forhealthandwellbeing, aswellaslostopportunities (机会) forchildrentogettoknowtheirlocalsurroundings.Andforparentstherearelostopportunitiestowalk

4、andtalk withtheiryoungscholarabouttheirday. Mostparentswillhaveeagerlyaskedtheirchildabouttheirday,onlytomeetwitha“good”， quicklyfollowedby“Im hungry”.Thisisalsomyexperienceasamother.Butsomewhereoverthedailywalkmoreaboutmysonsdayco mesout.Ihearhimmakingsenseoffriendshipanditslimits.Thisistheunexpect

5、edandrareparentalopportunit ytohearmore. Manyprimaryschoolssupportwalkingschoolbusroutes(路线),withdaysofregular, parentaccompaniedwalks.Doingjustoneoftheseafewtimesaweekisbetterthannothing.Itcanbetoughtob eginandtakesalittleplanningrunningshoesbythefrontdoor,lunchesmadethenightbefore, umbrellasonrain

6、ydaysandhatsonhotonesbutitscertainlyworthtrying. 1WhydoestheauthormentionWatkinspredictionsinthefirstparagraph? ATomakecomparisons.BTointroducethetopic. CTosupportherargument.DToprovideexamples. 2WhathascausedthedecreaseinAustralianchildrensphysicalactivity? APlainlaziness.BHealthproblems. CLackofti

7、me.DSecurityconcerns. 3Whydoestheauthorfindwalkingwithhersonworthwhile? A.Shecangetrelaxedafterwork.BShecankeepphysicallyfit. CShecanhelpwithhersonsstudy.D.Shecanknowhersonbetter. B 全国卷说明文307 词 Asdataandidentitytheftbecomesmoreandmorecommon, themarketisgrowingforbiometric ( 生 物 测量)technologieslikefi

8、ngerprintscanstokeepothersoutofprivateespaces.Atpresent, thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive, though. ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalowcostdevice(装置) thatgetsaroundthisproblem: asmartkeyboard.Thissmartkeyboardpreciselymeasuresthecadence (节奏) withwhichonetypesandthepressurefinger

9、sapplytoeachkey.Thekeyboardcouldofferastronglayerofsecur itybyanalyzingthingsliketheforceofauserstypingandthetimebetweenkeypresses.Thesepatternsareuniq uetoeachperson.Thus,thekeyboardcandeterminepeoplesidentities,andbyextension, whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputeritsconnectedtoregardlessofwh

10、ethersomeonegetsth epasswordright. Italsodoesntrequireanewtypeoftechnologythatpeoplearentalreadyfamiliarwith.Everybodyusesak eyboardandeverybodytypesdifferently. Inastudydescribingthetechnology, theresearchershad100volunteerstypetheword“touch”fourtimesusingthesmartkeyboard.Datacollectedf romthedevic

11、ecouldbeusedtorecognizedifferentparticipantsbasedonhowtheytyped, withverylowerrorrates.Theresearcherssaythatthekeyboardshouldbeprettystraightforwardtocommercia lizeandismostlymadeofinexpensive, plasticlikeparts.Theteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture. 4Whydotheresearchersdevelopthesmartkeyboard?

12、 AToreducepressureonkeys.BToimproveaccuracyintyping CToreplacethepasswordsystem.DTocutthecostofespaceprotection. 5Whatmakestheinventionofthesmartkeyboardpossible? AComputersaremucheasiertooperate. BFingerprintscanningtechniquesdevelopfast. CTypingpatternsvaryfrompersontoperson. DDatasecuritymeasures

13、areguaranteed. 6Whatdotheresearchersexpectofthesmartkeyboard? AItllbeenvironmentfriendly.BItllreachconsumerssoon. CItllbemadeofplastics.DItllhelpspeeduptyping. 7Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom? AAdiary.BAguidebook. CAnovel.DAmagazine. .读后续写 2021烟台市高考诊断性测试阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段， 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Ananxiou

14、scallcameintoJimmyGilleecesbar.Anewlymarriedwoman, whohadspenttheafternoonatthebar,couldntfindherwallet.ShedidntcareaboutherID,creditcards, or$150incashbutherweddingringwasinside. Gilleecedidntliketheideathatatheftcouldhaveoccurredathisplace.Sohesetouttolookforthewallet.H espenthourslookingthroughse

15、curitycameravideos, watchingthewomanseverystepinthebaruntilshewenttositonabenchoutsideandleftwhenherridearrived. Withinminutes,ayoungmanapproachedthebench,slippedsomethingintohispocket, andwalkedoff.Gilleecepostedaclip (片断) onthebarswebsite.“Ididntwanttopunishhim，”hesaid.“I just asked if anybody kne

16、w who the guy was.” Withinhours,Gilleecegotatextfrom17yearoldPrather, whoadmittedhavingtakenthewalletandtoldGilleeceheddoneitbecausehehadnteatenintwodays.Hesaidh esawtheringbutthoughtitwasfake ( 假 的 ), sohetookthemoneyandthrewthewalletoffthedock ( 码 头 ) intotheocean.Thenheboughtasandwich. Gilleece,u

17、nsurewhetherhebelievedPrather,toldtheteentomeethimatthedock, wheretheygottalkingandPratherrevealedthathewasntgettingalongwithhisfamilyandhadbeenlivinginth ewoodsforaweek.JudgingfromPratherssmallbodyandredcheeks,Gilleecesawhimforwhathewas: moreofakidthanacriminal. Butthepolicewerealreadyonthecase,and

18、becauseofthemissingring, Prathercouldbefacingcharges.“Hewouldbegoingtobigboyprison.Ihavetohelphimsomehow，”Gillee cethought. 注意： 1续写词数应为 150 左右； 2请按如下格式作答。 GilleecepaidtwodiverstosearchthewaterswherePratherhadthrownthewallet._ _ _ _ _ _ Thensuddenlyadivercameuptothesurfaceofthewater._ _ _ _ _ _ 答题策略

19、语法填空词语辨析 常见词语辨析 many 修饰或代替可数名词复数；much 修饰或代替不可数名词 “时间段ago”相对现在多久以前；“时间段before”相对过去多久以前 some 用于肯定句；any 用于疑问句和否定句 so 与 very 均可修饰形容词或副词的原级，much 多修饰比较级，verymuch 修饰动 词 ever“从来，在任何时候，曾经”；never“从来不” latest 为形容词，意为“最新的”；later 作副词表示“较晚地；后来”，与表示时 间的词连用，表示“之后” beside 为介词，表示“在旁边”；besides 为副词，表示“除此以外(还)” usedtodo

20、sth.“过去常常做某事”；beusedtodoingsth.“习惯于做某事” no 相当于 nota 或 notany；not 否定动词 练习练习 58阅读理解读后续写阅读理解读后续写 .阅读理解 A 【语篇解读】本文通过一个美国工程师的预言，引出青少年缺乏运动，导致过度肥胖 的社会问题，分析原因，并指出学校和家长为解决这一问题所采取的措施和带来的效果。 1 答案与解析： B推理判断题。 根据第一段最后一句“But he was wrong in one prediction: that everybody would walk 10 miles a day.”和第二段的内容可知，作者通过提

21、及 Watkins 对未来 生活的错误预测“每人每天都要走 10 英里”来引出话题，即当今青少年缺乏锻炼导致过度肥 胖。故选 B。 2 答 案 与 解 析 ： C细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 第 三 段 第 二 句 “Familiesarepressedfortime.livingincardependentneighborhoodswithlimitedpublictransport.” 可 知，由于父母的时间紧张，出行更依赖汽车，走路上学的孩子越来越少，导致青少年缺乏锻 炼。题干中的 decrease 和文中第三段的 decline 是同义转述，C 选项和文中第三段中的 arepress

22、edfortime 是同义转述。故选 C。 3答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“But somewhere over the daily walk more about my sons day comes out. I hear him making sense of friendship and its limits. This is the unexpected and rare parental opportunity to hear more.”可知，作者通过和孩子一起散步，可以更 好地了解孩子的生活，得知他对友谊的理解等内心想法。这让作者对儿子有了进一步的了解。 故选 D

23、。 B 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主题语境是科学与技术，主题语境内容为科技发展。 文章介绍了 GeorgiaTech 的研究者们想出了一种低成本的装置智能键盘，来保护私人的电 子空间，并希望这种设备能尽快进入市场，服务消费者。本文侧重培养学生的创新能力。 4答案与解析：D细节理解题。本题题干意为：研究者们为什么研发智能键盘？根据 文章第一段可知，现在一些阻止别人进入私人电子空间的技术成本仍然很高。因此，来自 GeorgiaTech 的研究者们想出了一种低成本的(lowcost)装置智能键盘，来应对这个问题。 所以答案为 D 项：减少电子空间保护的成本。A：减轻对按键的压力；B：提升打字的精

24、确度； C：取代密码系统。 5答案与解析：C细节理解题。本题题干意为：什么使智能键盘这项发明成为可能？ 根据第二段第四句“These patterns are unique to each person.”可知，因为每个人的打字模式各不 相同，所以智能键盘能识别人的身份，保护人的隐私。所以答案为 C 项：打字模式因人而异。 A：计算机很容易操作；B：指纹扫描技术发展很快；D：数据安全措施有保证。 6答案与解析：B细节理解题。本题题干意为：研究者们对智能键盘期待什么？根据 文章最后一段最后两句话，研究者们说键盘应该直接商业化，智能键盘主要是由价格低廉的 塑料类配件制成，团队希望它在不久的将来进入

25、市场。所以答案为 B 项(它将很快到达消费者 手里)。A：它将是环保的；C：它将用塑料制造。此项为干扰项，用塑料制造是事实，但不是 将来发生的事；D：它将有助于加速打字。 7答案与解析：D推理判断题。本题题干意为：这篇文章最有可能来自哪里？文章介 绍了一种新的保护电子隐私空间的设备智能键盘，并且希望产品能很快走进市场。本文 语言客观严谨，属于科普类文章，故答案为 D 项：杂志。A：日记；B：指导手册；C：小说。 .读后续写 【佳作展台】 GilleecepaidtwodiverstosearchthewaterswherePratherhadthrownthewallet.Acrowdgath

26、ered, excitedlywatchingthetwodiverssearchinginthestrongcurrent.Nearby, twopolicemenwerealsowaiting.Morethananhourpassedbuttherewasnosignofthering.Thecrowdgradual lygotimpatient,startingtotalknoisily.Gilleecegrewincreasinglyworried, especiallywhenthepolicemenbeganquestioningPrather, attemptingtogethi

27、mtoadmitkeepingthering.Eachpassingminuteincreasedthechancethattheywouldarres ttheyoungman. Thensuddenlyadivercameuptothesurfaceofthewater.Inhishandwasthewalletandinsidewasthering. Loudcheerseruptedfromthecrowd.Gilleecequicklycalledthewalletsowner, whowaswildwithjoyandimmediatelydroppedthechargesagainstPrather.Withtearsofgratituderollingdo wnhischeeks,PratherhuggedGilleecetightly,saying, “Youvesavedmetoday.Icouldntthankyouenough！”Pratherpromisedtogobackhometojoinhisfamily. Gilleecesactofkindnesschangedateenslife.