（2021新人教版）高中英语必修第一册unit3 Sports and Fitness知识清单.doc

1、Unit 3Sports and Fitness 1. track. n. 跑道，足迹；铁路轨道。跑道，足迹；铁路轨道。Vt./vi 追踪，追赶。追踪，追赶。 1追踪，追赶追踪，追赶:on the track of 2稳步前进；做法对头稳步前进；做法对头: be on track 3重新步入正确轨道重新步入正确轨道: back on track 4了解、不了解了解、不了解、 、 、的动态，与、的动态，与、 、 、保持、失去联系、保持、失去联系:keep/lose track of 5思路正确、错误思路正确、错误: be on the right/wrong track 6追踪到，追查到追踪到，

2、追查到:track down 2.honour 荣誉；尊敬；荣幸荣誉；尊敬；荣幸 1为向为向、 、 、表达敬意、表达敬意: in honour of /in ones honour 2很荣幸最某事很荣幸最某事: have the honour of doing sth/feel honoured to do sth 3我做了一道特殊的菜向我们的来宾表达敬意。我做了一道特殊的菜向我们的来宾表达敬意。 I have cooked a special meal in honor of our guests. 4我很荣幸能邀请你到我们城市来观光。我很荣幸能邀请你到我们城市来观光。 I feel gre

3、atly honoured to invite you toour city for a visit. It is my honour to invite you toour city for a visit. 3. determine vt 下决心下决心 determined. 有决心的有决心的-determination. n 决心；决定决心；决定 1坚决地坚决地: with determination 2下决心做某事下决心做某事: determine to do sth/ be determined to do sth 3对对、 、作出决定、作出决定: determine on/upon

4、. 4这件事增强了他为祖国争光的决心。这件事增强了他为祖国争光的决心。 This matter strengthened his determination to win glory for his homeland. 5他下决心要照顾爷爷奶奶。他下决心要照顾爷爷奶奶。 He determines to look after/is determined to look after/is determined that he will look after in the accident and was sent to hospital immediately. 4.使受伤；损害使受伤；损害-受

5、伤的；有伤的受伤的；有伤的-伤害；损伤伤害；损伤 1严重受伤严重受伤:be/get badly/seriously injured 2伤害某人的情感伤害某人的情感: injure ones feelings 3伤员伤员: the injured 4你没有权利伤害别人的事情。你没有权利伤害别人的事情。You have no right to injure othersfeelings. 5他在事故中受伤严重，被马上送往医院。他在事故中受伤严重，被马上送往医院。 He was badly injured in the accident and was sent to hospital immedi

6、ately. 5. strength. n 力量；体力力量；体力-strong. adj 强壮的强壮的strengthen. vt 巩固；加强巩固；加强 1有做某事的力气有做某事的力气/意志力意志力: have the strength to do sth 2增强体力增强体力: build up ones strength 3用尽全身的力气用尽全身的力气: with all ones strength 4强项和弱项；优缺点强项和弱项；优缺点: strengths and weaknesses 5我们要经常锻练以增强体魄。我们要经常锻练以增强体魄。 We should work out regu

7、larly to build up our strength. 6. compete. Vi 竞争竞争；对抗对抗-competition 比赛比赛；竞争竞争 n-competitor 比赛者比赛者；竞争者竞争者 1为为、 、 、竞争、竞争: compete for 2 跟跟、 、 、竞争、竞争: compete against/with 3 在在、 、 、方面竞争、方面竞争:compete in 4他在各方面跟他的哥哥竞争。他在各方面跟他的哥哥竞争。 He competes against/with his brother in everything 5他们为了祖国的荣誉跟别的国家竞争。他们为

8、了祖国的荣誉跟别的国家竞争。 They compete for the glory of their homeland with/against other countries. 7. pretend vi/vt 假装；装扮假装；装扮 1假装做某事假装做某事: pretend to do sth/that 2 假装正在做某事假装正在做某事: pretend to be doing sth 3假装做过某事假装做过某事: pretend to have done sth 4假装是某人、某物假装是某人、某物: pretend to be sb/sth 5他们假装已经知道了这件事。他们假装已经知道了这

9、件事。 They pretended to have knownthe matter. They pretended that they had known the matter. 8. diet. 规定饮食；日常饮食规定饮食；日常饮食 vi 节食节食 1 节食（表动作）节食（表动作）: go on a diet 2节食（表状态）节食（表状态）: be on a diet 3规定规定、 、 、饮食、饮食: diet sb/oneself 4要想保持健康，我们必须健康饮食。要想保持健康，我们必须健康饮食。 To keep healthy/fit, we must eat a healthy di

10、et. 2重点短语重点短语: e along 跟随；到达；进步；赶快跟随；到达；进步；赶快 （1）come about 发生；产生发生；产生 （2）come across 偶然发现；偶然遇见偶然发现；偶然遇见 （3）come to 共计；达到；苏醒共计；达到；苏醒 (4 ) come out 出现；出版；开花出现；出版；开花； （真相）为人所知（真相）为人所知 （5）come up with 提出提出 用用 come 短语填空短语填空 1. How did it come about that the party last night was a failure? 2. He came acr

11、oss an old photo in the drawer. 3. When it comes to sport, he knows everything about it. 4. What suggestion did he come up with at the meeting yesterday? 2. work out 锻炼；锻炼； 计算出；解决；计算出；解决； 1.这位运动员每周锻炼两次举重。这位运动员每周锻炼两次举重。 The athlete works out with weights twice a week. 2不是汤姆而是我有能力算出这道数学题。不是汤姆而是我有能力算出这

12、道数学题。 Not Tom but I am able to work out this maths problem. 3.make it 获得成功；准时到达获得成功；准时到达 1我从来没有想到克莱尔会成为一名成功的女演员。我从来没有想到克莱尔会成为一名成功的女演员。 I never thought Clare would make it as an actress. 2她们早晨起航，在黄昏前赶到了一个小镇。她们早晨起航，在黄昏前赶到了一个小镇。 They set sail in the morning and made it toa small town before dark. 4.set

13、 an example 树立榜样树立榜样 1父母做出表率是极其重要的。父母做出表率是极其重要的。 it is very important that parents should set an example. 2他为其他学生树立了榜样。他为其他学生树立了榜样。 He sets an example for other students. 5.fall apart 破裂；破碎；崩溃破裂；破碎；崩溃 用用 apart 短语填空短语填空 The twin sister have so much in common that we can hardly tell them apart instant

14、ly. The little boy, out of curiosity, took the toy apart to see how it worked, but couldnt put it together. The deal fell apart when we failed to agree on a price. 6.lose heart 丧失信心；泄气丧失信心；泄气 lose ones heart to 爱上爱上 lose face 丢脸丢脸lose ones way迷路迷路 lose weight 减肥减肥lose control 失去控制失去控制 lose touch 失去联

15、系失去联系lose ones sight 失明失明 他没有泄气。相反，他爱上了这门课程。他没有泄气。相反，他爱上了这门课程。 He didnt lose heart. Rather, he lost his heart to the subject. 7.give up 放弃；投降放弃；投降 （1）give in 屈服屈服 （2） give away 泄露；赠送泄露；赠送 （3）give out 用完，耗尽；分发；散发用完，耗尽；分发；散发 （4）give off 发出。放出（光、热、气味）发出。放出（光、热、气味） （5）give way to 给给、 、让路；对、让路；对、 、 、让步、让

16、步 （6）在任何时候我们都不能半途而费。）在任何时候我们都不能半途而费。 At no time can we give up halfway. (7)父母往往会屈从于他们的子女。父母往往会屈从于他们的子女。 Parents often give in their children. 8. Makesense 有道理；合乎情理；表达清楚；有道理；合乎情理；表达清楚； 1Make sense of 弄明白（加宾语）弄明白（加宾语） 2Make no sense 毫无意义毫无意义 3A sense of belonging 归属感归属感 4A sense of duty 责任感责任感 5A sens

17、e of humor 幽默感幽默感 6There is no sense in doing sth.做某事是没有意义的做某事是没有意义的 7His speech makes great sense but I just cant make sense of the last sentence he said. 8.make a difference 有作用，有影响有作用，有影响 1make no difference to sb/sth 对某人、某物没有作用或影响对某人、某物没有作用或影响 2make some difference to sb/ sth 对某人、某物有作用或影响对某人、某物有

18、作用或影响 3tell the difference betweenA and B 区分区分 A 和和 B 4The film makes a great difference to him. 这部电影对他产生了很大的影响。这部电影对他产生了很大的影响。 9.rather than 而不是而不是 宁愿做宁愿做、 、而不愿做、而不愿做、 、 1would dorather than do. 2would rather do than do 3prefer doing to doing. 4prefer to do.rather than do 一句多译一句多译 他宁死也不泄密。他宁死也不泄密。

19、1He would die rather than give away the secret. 2He would rather die than give away the secret. He preferred dying to giving away the secret. He preferred to die than give away the secret. 10. cut out 停止做（或使用、食用停止做（或使用、食用） ；剪下；剪下 1.砍倒；消减砍倒；消减 cut down 2.切碎；使伤心切碎；使伤心 cut up 3.切断；停掉；隔绝切断；停掉；隔绝 cut off

20、 4.插入；插嘴插入；插嘴: cut in 5.抄近路穿过抄近路穿过; cut across/through 6.他觉得他与世隔绝好几年了。他觉得他与世隔绝好几年了。 He felt he had been cut off from the outside world for ages. 7.他努力想减少抽烟，但是没有成功。他努力想减少抽烟，但是没有成功。 He tried to cut down on smoking but failed. pare to/with .与与、 、比较、比较、 、 、 pare 、 、 、to.把把、 、 、比作（比喻）、比作（比喻） 2.Compare no

21、tes with 与与、 、交换意见、交换意见 3. Compared with/to （状语）与状语）与、 、相比、相比 4.他正在与教授就那个问题交换意见他正在与教授就那个问题交换意见 He is comparing notes with the professor on that point. 5.让我来把他的作业跟你的比较一下。让我来把他的作业跟你的比较一下。 Let me compare his homework with yours. 6.与大多数同学相比，他不太讲究吃穿。与大多数同学相比，他不太讲究吃穿。 Compared with/to most of his classmat

22、es, he isnt particular about what he eats and wears. 3重要句型重要句型 （1）疑问词）疑问词+ do you think +陈述句语序陈述句语序 课本原句课本原句 1. What do you think the text is about? 你认为这篇课文讲的是什么？你认为这篇课文讲的是什么？ 2.How long do you think it will be before I can come back to work ? 你认为要过多久我才能回来上班？你认为要过多久我才能回来上班？ （2）现在完成时）现在完成时+since 1.Th

23、e Boys and Girls club which he started in Chicago has been helping young people since 1996. 他在芝加哥创办的男孩女孩俱乐部从他在芝加哥创办的男孩女孩俱乐部从 1996 年开始帮助年轻人。年开始帮助年轻人。 2.Mary and Jane have been friends ever since they started school. 玛丽与简从刚上学就是朋友。玛丽与简从刚上学就是朋友。 ( 3 )Even if 引导的让步状语从句引导的让步状语从句 1.I agree with the idea th

24、at a soccer player should never pretend to fall down even if it helps his or her team. 我同意这个观点，一个足球运动员不应该假装摔倒，即使这对他或她的团队有帮助。我同意这个观点，一个足球运动员不应该假装摔倒，即使这对他或她的团队有帮助。 2.Dont lose heart even if you failed many times. 即使失败数次也不要丧失信心。即使失败数次也不要丧失信心。 （4）“介词与关系代词介词与关系代词”引导的定语从句引导的定语从句 1. A high school class has

25、 a wellness book in which they exchange ideas about health and fitness. 一个高中班级有一本健康手册，书中他们交流了关于卫生和健康的想法。一个高中班级有一本健康手册，书中他们交流了关于卫生和健康的想法。 2.The book has opened a window through which we can see a wonderful world. 这本书打开了一扇窗，通过这扇窗我们可以看到一个精彩的世界。这本书打开了一扇窗，通过这扇窗我们可以看到一个精彩的世界。 3.Twenty students are normall

26、y admitted into the course per year, of whom up to half are/come from abroad. 参加体育活动很有趣，但并不容易，所以它帮助孩子们学习如何处理压力。参加体育活动很有趣，但并不容易，所以它帮助孩子们学习如何处理压力。 （5）部分否定）部分否定 1.Taking part in sports events is fun but not always easy， So it helps children learn how to deal with stress 并非所有这些方案我都同意。并非所有这些方案我都同意。 2. I dont agree to all these projects. 对某人、某物没有作用或影响，对某人、某物没有作用或影响，