（2021新人教版）高中英语必修第三册Unit 4 SectionⅠListening and Speaking 导学案.doc

1、UNIT 4SPACE EXPLORATION 一太空探索 1launch the rocket 发射火箭 2escape the earths gravity 脱离地球引力 3the centre of the universe 宇宙的中心 4a manmade satellite 人造卫星 5orbit around the sun 围绕太阳运动 6a giant leap 一个巨大的飞越 7the history of mankind 人类的历史 8transmit data 传输/发送数据 9crewed and uncrewed spacecraft 载人飞船和无人飞船 10the

2、desire to explore the space 太空探索的渴望 11independently send humans into space 独立将人类送入太空 12Shenzhou 5 spacecraft 神舟 5 号飞船 13the first Chinese spacewalk 中国人的首次太空行走 14the International Space Station 国际空间站 15dock with与对接 16beyond our control 超出我们的控制范围 17space resources 太空资源 18limited living space 有限的居住空间 1

3、9beyond Earths atmosphere 地球的大气层之外 20knowledge of the cosmos 宇宙知识 21advances in electronics 电子技术的发展 22outer space 太空 23professional astronauts and laypeople 职业宇航员和外行人 24a common and enduring theme 一个常见而永恒的话题 25science fiction 科幻小说 26from a space perspective 从太空的角度 27serve the public interest 为公众利益服务

4、 28indicators of national prestige and power 国家威望和权力的指标 29enhance national security and military strength 增强国家安全和军事实力 30commercial space activity 商业太空活动 31privately funded space travel 私人资助的太空旅行 32weightless flight 失重飞行 33zero gravity 零重力 二医疗卫生 34emergency procedures 应急操作程序 35mental health 心理健康 36fa

5、tal disease 不治之症 37a shallow view 肤浅的认识 38highend products 高端产品 39heart monitor 心脏监测仪 40regular visits 定期访问 41a foam pillow 泡沫枕头 三生活活动 42intelligent software 智能软件 43a frontier town 边陲小镇 44motor vehicles 机动车辆 45a local travel agency 当地旅行社 46the ongoing exploration 持续探索 47the recycling of glass 玻璃的回收利

6、用 48a lack of food 食物的匮乏 49a floating iceberg漂浮的冰山 50current price 现行价格 51a microwave oven 微波炉 52a box of tissues 一盒纸巾 53sports facilities 体育设施 54to benefit humanity 造福人类 55allwalks of life 各行各业 Section Listening and Speaking 课前预习自检课前预习自检 .重点词汇 1a person whose job involves travelling and working in

7、a spacecraftn. astronaut 2a way of doing sth, especially the usual or correct wayn. procedure 3 connected with or happening in the mind; involving the process of thinkingadj. mental 4 having the capacity for thought and reason especially to a high degreeadj. intelligent 5a fighter pilot 战斗机飞行员 6spac

8、e flights 航天；宇宙飞行 7education background 教育背景 8special training 特殊训练 9college degree 大学学历 10spin round 旋转 .教材原句 1Can you name any famous astronauts(来自中国 或国外)? (教材 P38) 答案：from China or abroad 2The audience is(对好奇) how Yang Liwei became the first Chinese astronaut. (教材 P38) 答案：curious about 3Mr Yang w

9、as selected to attend(飞行员训练) with 13 other people. (教材 P38) 答案：pilot training 4To become(一个宇航员) in China, you have to have 1,350 hours of flying experience. (教材 P38) 答案：an astronaut 5I think being an astronaut would(酷的). (教材 P39) 答案：be cool 6Do you want to work(在太空) in the future? (教材 P39) 答案：in spa

10、ce 7(首先), you must be intelligent enough to get a related college degree. (教材 P39) 答案：First of all 8So what might be the most difficult part(对于你来说)? (教材 P39) 答案：for you 9Earth goes round but we(静止不动). (教材 P39) 答案：stay still 10What goes up must(下降). (教材 P39) 答案：come down 重点知识重点知识 合作探究合作探究 1 Astronaut

11、s not only had to learn how to use space equipment, but also had to do a lot of mental and physical training.(教材 P38) 宇航员不仅要学习如何使用太空设备，还要进行大量的心理和体能训练。 剖析 本句为 not only . but (also) . 句型，意为“不仅而且”，连接 两个并列的谓语。 归纳 拓展 It was not until I came here that I realized this place was famous, for not only its bea

12、uty but also its weather. 直到我来到这儿才意识到这个地方很有名，不仅是因为它的美丽还因它的天 气。 Not only the children but also their coach likes playing football. 不仅是孩子们，他们的教练也喜欢踢足球。 Not only did we forget to turn off the lights in the kitchen, but we also failed to lock the front door. 我们不仅忘记关厨房的灯，而且也忘了锁前门。 He was capable not only

13、 of putting ideas forward, but of putting them into action. 他不但能提出许多想法，而且能付诸行动。 (1)单句语法填空 Practising Chinese kung fu can not only build up ones strength, _ also develop ones character. Not only my parents but also I(be) fond of traveling around. 答案：butam (2)单句写作 这不仅仅拉近了我们和自然之间的距离，而且增进了我们之间的友谊。 this

14、get us close to nature, but also promoted the friendship among us. 我们不但要提高产量，还要保证质量。 We want not only to increase the quantity of products,sure of the quality. 答案：Not only didbut also to make/be 2intelligent adj. 有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的(教材 P39) 归纳 拓展 The computer is equipped with intelligent systems. 这台电脑配备着智

15、能系统。 She was intelligent to turn off the switch. 她关掉开关是明智的。 Intelligence quotient/IQ is just one measure of intelligence. 智商只是衡量智力的一种标准。 The computer vision is an important branch of computer science and artificial intelligence. 计算机视觉是计算机科学和人工智能的一个重要分支。 (1)单句语法填空 He put forward the opinion that whal

16、es are as(intelligence) as human beings. He didnt even have the(intelligent) to call for an ambulance. 答案：intelligentintelligence (2)单句写作 所有的人都比动物聪明得多。 All human beings arethan animals. 这些壮丽的古代建筑显示了劳动人民的高度智慧。 These magnificent ancient buildings demonstrateof the labouring people. 答案：much more intell

17、igentthe great intelligence 学习效果学习效果 随堂演练随堂演练 .单词拼写 1Bacteria are an annoying problem for(宇航员) 答案：astronauts 2Its clear that(思想的) activity does not stop when were asleep. 答案：mental 3Whats the(程序) for opening a savings account? 答案：procedure 4The ruler is 30(厘米) long. 答案：centimetres/centimeters 5Maybe

18、 the earth has been visited by(有智慧的) creatures from outer space. 答案：intelligent .阅读 Dr John Wilkins was a natural philosopher who lived from 1614 until 1672. He was crazy about getting to the moon and meeting the people who surely lived there. Wilkins believed that anything as Earthlike as the moon

19、must have been created by God for living beings, and he was determined to meet themdespite the fact that he was three centuries ahead of his time. In the 1600s, the scientific understanding of gravity and outer space was limited. Wilkins believed, like many 17thcentury scientists, that there was no

20、difference between the atmosphere of Earth and the conditions in space, and that Earths pull was due to magnetism ( 磁 力 ). It was only reasonable, then, that Wilkins believed a twowheeled horsedrawn battle car with wings with enough speed could lift high enough off the ground to break free of Earths

21、 magnetic pull and reach the moon. Then Wilkins moved on to more pressing issues with his remarkable ability to think of new ideas: How would travelers feed themselves during the journey? He theorized that the main cause of hunger was simply the act of working against gravity, so getting to the moon

22、 without being burdened by it would be able to be realized. There was some knowledge at that time about the fact that air gets thinner and colder the higher up you go, but he had a fix for that too, “moistened sponges (湿润的海绵) might help us against its thinness” By studying the way in which birds fly

23、, which also happened to be part of the studies that led to planes and rockets centuries later, Wilkins put his theory to the test with the help of a colleague, Robert Hooke. Neither of the two ever recorded their attempts, but its somewhat safe to say that it didnt work out. Hooke himself may have

24、been the reason he gave up hope, in fact, since he was part of the team that discovered space was a place without oxygen. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了约翰威尔金斯博士是一位自然哲 学家，他疯狂地想要登上月球，并为此在理论上做了很多准备。 1What do we know about DrJohn Wilkins? AHe dreamed of landing on the moon. BHe wrote about people living on the moo

25、n. CHe urged the public to know more about space. DHe had a rich knowledge of space in the 1670s. 答案：A细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“He was crazy about getting to the moon and meeting the people who surely lived there.”可知， DrJohn Wilkins 梦想着 登上月球。故选 A。 2Which of the following might Wilkins agree with? AThe air on t

26、he moon is not fit for human beings. BPeople dont need to eat things on the moon. CEarths magnetism can be changed easily. DOxygen doesnt exist in outer space. 答案：B推理判断题。根据第三段第二句可知，Wilkins 认为饥饿的原因与 重力有关，所以他同意人们不需要在不受重力影响的月球上吃东西。故选 B。 3What can be concluded from Paragraphs 2&3? AWilkins had prepared

27、a lot in theory. BWilkins was ready for his moonlanding. CWilkins made a great contribution to philosophy. DWilkins was the greatest natural philosopher in history. 答案：A推理判断题。根据第二段中 Wilkins 提出的观点以及第三段转向更 紧迫问题的研究可推知，Wilkins 在理论上做了很多准备。故选 A。 4What is the authors purpose in writing the text? ATo honor

28、a great scientist. BTo encourage studies on outer space. CTo introduce an early attempt of moonlanding. DTo inform people of the knowledge about the universe. 答案：C推理判断题。根据整篇文章可知，Wilkins 对登月的执著和向往以 及他对登月所做的一系列研究和发现，所以作者的目的是通过 Wilkins 介绍早期 的登月尝试。故选 C。 课后课时作业课后课时作业 语言运用 During World Space Week (October

29、 4 10), you may learn about some of the spaces myths. One is: “The Great Wall of China is the only manmade object1 from space with the naked eye.” You might be2of this claim, but its not true. In fact, astronauts say that the Great Wall is just one of many manmade3can be seen from space. From an orb

30、it 217 kilometres above the earth, it is4to see highways, airports, bridges, dams and even large vehicles. Cities can even be seen clearly from the International Space Station (ISS，国际空 间站), which circles about 400 kilometres above the planet. “You can see the5 pyramids from space with a pair of bino

31、culars (双筒望远镜). They are a little difficult to6with just your eyes，” said Ed Lu, a US astronaut7the ISS. “With binoculars you can also see roads, harbours and even very large8in the ocean. From the moon, astronauts cannot9any manmade features on earth and the continents are very hard to see. On Mars

32、, the earth would appear to the naked eye as10but a bright star”11what about the Great Wall? “You can see the Great Wall from space，” Lu said. “But its a lot12than a lot of other objects. You can only see it in radar images, not in ordinary photographs.” No one knows who13the Great Wall story. The e

33、arliest reference to it comes in a book by a US writer Richard Halliburton, published in 1938. He wrote, “Astronomers say that the Great Wall is the only manmade thing on our planet visible to the human eye from the moon.” Halliburtons books14quite well during the first half of the 20th century. So,

34、 if he didnt15the story himself, he certainly spread it widely. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了长城并不是唯一一个从太空 可以看到的人造物体，实际上从太空可以看到许多东西并给出了原因。 1AinvisibleBvisible CacceptableDunacceptable 答案：Binvisible “看不见的”；visible “看得见的”； acceptable “可接 受的”；unacceptable “不能接受的”。根据下文“with the naked eye”可推断，长 城是唯一一个从太空用裸眼可以看到的人

35、造物体。故选 B。 2AproudBthankful CstrangeDsurprised 答案：A根据下文“but its not true”可推断，你可能会对这种说法感到自豪， 但是那不是真的。be proud of “因感到自豪”，故选 A。 3Abarriers thatBsights that Cbuildings thatDobjects that 答案：D根据上文“the Great Wall of China is the only manmade object”可 推断，长城是从太空可以看到的许多人造物体之一。故选 D。 4ApossibleBsuitable Cunlike

36、lyDinteresting 答案：A句意：从距离地球 217 公里的轨道上可以看到高速公路、飞机场、 桥梁、大坝甚至大型的交通工具。故选 A。 5AEgyptianBEuropean CChineseDAmerican 答案：A句意：你可以从太空用双筒望远镜看到埃及的金字塔。故选 A。 6Afind outBpick out Cpick upDtake up 答案：B根据上文提到的“with a pair of binoculars (双筒望远镜)”可推断， 仅用眼睛辨认有点困难。pick out “辨认出”，故选 B。 7AboardBabroad CbroadDaboard 答案：D根据

37、语境可知，此处指国际空间站上的美国宇航员。aboard “在上”，故选 D。 8AshipsBhouses CfishDseashell 答案：A根据常理推断，用双筒望远镜你也可以看到道路、海港甚至海洋 中很大的船只。故选 A。 9Abreak outBmake out Ctake outDhand out 答案：B根据语境可推断，在月球上，宇航员不能辨认出地球上的人造建 筑。make out “辨认出”，故选 B。 10AsomethingBnothing CeverythingDanything 答案： B句意： 在火星上， 用裸眼看地球仅仅是一颗明亮的星星。 nothing but “仅

38、仅是”，故选 B。 11AButBAnd CSoDHowever 答案：C句意：如此说来长城又是怎么样的呢？用 so 表示顺承关系。故选 C。 12Amore clearBclearer Cless clearDmuch clear 答案：C根据下文的 than 可推断用比较级；根据下文“You can only see it in radar images”可推断，长城比许多其他的物体更不清楚。故选 C。 13Afirst toldBfirstly told Cfirst spokeDfirst said 答案：A句意：没有人知道谁是第一个讲述关于长城的故事的人。tell the story

39、 “讲故事”是常用搭配，故选 A。 14Awere soldBare sold CsoldDsell 答案：C句意：在二十世纪上半叶 Halliburton (哈利伯顿)的书很畅销。此处 sell 表示“销售”， 是不及物动词， 无被动式， 由时间状语 during the first half of the 20th century 推断用一般过去时，故选 C。 15AmakeBmake up Cmake up ofDmake out 答案：B根据上文可知，Halliburton 的书很畅销，因此推断，如果他不是 编造这个故事的人，他也是广泛传播它的人。make up “编造”，故选 B。

40、阅读 There are strong arguments on space travel, and below you will find a list of many frequently used arguments. Pros of space travel： Space travel has inspired many people to continue improving technology such as inventing Velcro and nonstick frying pans. If you look at the total GDP worldwide, spa

41、ce only accounts for a very small percentage of the total budgetP1. Better to spend money on our future, than on other projects that would have a much lower potential reward. If we were to colonizeW1another planet, it would reduce the population on Earth, which already has a too large population. Th

42、is will result inP2the survival of our species when our planet can no longer support human life. Multinational space stationsP3 have helped diplomacyW2among different nations. Cons of space travel： There is a very large percentage of the earths oceans we have yet to explore. We should continue explo

43、ring the remaining unknown regions of our oceans before continuing to another planet. The funding for space exploration comes from the tax payers pockets. Many do not think that they should be forced into paying for something they are against. The total contribution from space travel is too limited,

44、 when considering the total cost. We should not be thinking about colonizing the moon, or a planet. Its better to save our existing planet first. If we are to destroy one planet, what is to stop us from repeating the mistakes on another planet. Not only is the cost of manned space missions high, but

45、 space travel can have a serious effect on the human body over an extended period of time. The only way to solve it is by using robots, which reduces the human risk factor, and reduces the overall cost. Overall, most people are for our current exploration methods. In my opinion, these methods should

46、 be reviewed to help reduce the cost of launches. I believe the potential of finding resources on other planets will make the cost of several decades of space exploration worthwhile. 篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。作者陈述了人们对太空旅游的观点，并表达 了自己的观点。 1Which of the following benefits of space travel is NOT mentioned? ACreatin

47、g more job opportunities. BReducing the overpopulation on Earth. CBringing about advanced technologies. DDeveloping relationships among countries. 答案：A细节理解题。根据“Pros of space travel”部分可知 B、C、D 三项 均有提及，唯独 A 项没提到。 2The underlined part “the mistakes” here probably refers to. Acolonizing the moon Bdoing

48、damage to Earth Cspending money with little reward Dhaving a wrong understanding about other planets 答案：B词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“Its better to save our existing planet first.”和“destroy one planet”可知，“the mistakes”指的是我们对地球的破坏。 3Whats the authors attitude towards space travel? ANegative.BDoubtful. CPositive.DNo

49、t mentioned. 答案：C推理判断题。根据最后一段尾句可知，作者相信有朝一日可以在 其他星球上发现资源来回报多年太空探索的巨大付出，故作者的态度是积极的。 4What would be the best title for this passage? AThe future of space travel BThe benefits of space travel CWhy space travel is expensive DWhether space travel is worthwhile or not 答案：D标题判断题。本文探讨了太空旅行是否值得的问题。 W 重点单词 1colonize v. 把开拓成殖民地 2diplomacy n. 外交 P 重点短语 1total budget 总预算 2result in 导致；结果是 3multinational space station 国际空间站