（2021新人教版）高中英语选择性必修第一册UNIT5 WORKING THE LAND SectionⅠ导学讲义.docx

1、UNIT 5WORKING THE LAND 背景导学 今天的农民采用高科技从事农业活动,农民的形象已经不再是人们过去认为的样子 了 A few weeks ago, I sat with a Californian farmer named Dave Ribeiro. I asked him what I wished to know about farmers. He smiled and said, “We walk among you. We look like you and talk like you. We have advanced degrees and hobbies, j

2、ust like you.” Take Dave for example:Hes a young man with a music degree. And if you walked past him on the street, youd never think, “There goes a farmer.” Is someone like Dave who you picture when you think of a farmer? Probably not. I think that most people would picture a man in his overalls (工装

3、裤). I can tell youthat does not represent Dave or any of the many other farmers I know. Not only do we have to throw out our early impression of farmers, but farming as a whole doesnt look much like it used to be either. We recently sent a team out to see what modern farming looks like, and they fou

4、nd farmers completely different from our usual idea of them and also came across them in some unexpected places. In a parking lot in the neighborhood of Brooklyn, they met a crowd of young farmers who were trying to bring fresh greens closer to consumers in the city by growing them on high-tech indo

5、or vertical (垂直的) farms. In a Floridian field under the flight path of an airport, they discovered farmers with university degrees growing plants that might someday fuel our cars. And on a modern farm in California, they observed how farmers were using technology to take the best possible care of th

6、eir animals. These farmers all spend their days in very different waysnone of them looks like the previous farmer we have in our mindbut theyre all working on new ways to feed our planet. Not only do we need to change our idea of what farming looks like, but we also need to change our view of where

7、solutions can come from. Feeding all of us will take all of us to work together. 【译文】 几周前,我和一位名叫戴夫里贝罗的加州农民坐在一起。我想通过他了解农民是什么 样的。他微笑着说:“我们走在你们之中。我们长得像你们,说话也像你们。我们就像你们一 样,都有高级学位和爱好。” 以戴夫为例:他是个有音乐学位的年轻人。如果你在街上从他身边走过,你绝不会想 到,“有个农夫走过来了。” 像戴夫这样的人,你一想到农民就会联想到他吗?可能不会。我想大多数人会想到一个 穿着工装裤的男士。我可以告诉你那并不代表戴夫或者我认识的许

8、多其他农民中的任 何一位。 我们不仅要抛弃我们对农民的早期印象,而且就整体而言农业也不太像过去那样了。最 近我们派出一个团队去看现代农业是什么样子的,他们发现(现代)农民完全不同于我们对他 们的普遍印象,并且他们也在一些意想不到的地方遇到了他们。 在布鲁克林附近的一个停车场里,他们遇到了一群年轻的(现代)农民,他们通过把新鲜的 绿色蔬菜种植在高科技的室内垂直农场里,试图让城市里的消费者能更近地接触它们。在佛 罗里达机场跑道下的一块田地里,他们发现有大学学位的农民种植的植物可能有一天会为我 们的汽车提供燃料。在加利福尼亚的一个现代农场里,他们观察了农民如何使用技术尽最大 可能照顾他们畜养的牲畜。

9、 这些农民都在以非常不同的方式度过他们的日子他们中的任何一人都不像我们心 目中的以前的农民但他们都在努力用新方法来供养我们的星球。我们不仅需要改变我 们对农业看起来像什么的看法,还需要改变我们对解决方案来自哪里的看法。养活我们所有 人需要我们所有人共同努力。 Section Reading and Thinking .课标单词 1.单词拼写 hybrid/habrd/n.杂交植(动)物;合成物;混合动力车 tackle/tkl/vt.解决(难题);应付(局面);处理 boost/bust/vt.使增长;使兴旺 n.增长;提高;激励 yield/jild/n.产量;产出 vt.出产(作物);产生

10、(收益、效益等)vi.屈服;让步 convince/knvns/vt.使相信;使确信;说服 shortage/td/n.不足;缺少; 短缺 crisis/krass/n.危机;危急关头 attain/ten/vt.(通常经过努力)获得;得到 pollinate/plnet/vt.授粉;传粉 intense/ntens/adj.热切的;十分强烈的;激烈的 overcome/vkm/vt.克服;解决;战胜 expand/kspnd/vt. 增加 vt.扩展;发展(业务) output/atpt/n.产量;输出;输出量 vt.输出 domestic/dmestk/adj.本国的;国内的;家用的;家庭

11、的 comprise/kmpraz/vt.包括;包含;由组成 generate/denret/vt.产生;引起 strain/stren/n.(动、植物的)系;品种;拉伤;压力 leisure/le(r)/n.闲暇;休闲;空闲 soil/sl/n.泥土;土壤;国土;领土 celebrity/slebrti/n.名望;名誉:名人;名流 envision/nvn/vt.展望;想象 sorghum/sm/n.高粱;高粱米 broom/brum/n.扫把;扫帚;金雀花 grain/ren/n.谷物;谷粒;颗粒 vision/vn/n.想象;视力;视野;影像 2.根据英文释义选词填空 shortage;

12、crisis;expand;celebrity;envision crisis a time of great danger or difficulty when problems must be solved celebrity a famous person or the state of being famous envision to imagine what a situation will be like in the future expand to become greater in size, number or importance shortage a situation

13、 when there is not enough of the people or things that are needed 3.词汇拓展 devote/dvt/vt.把献(给);把专用于;专心于devoted/dvtd/adj.忠诚的;挚爱 的devotion/dvn/n.挚爱;奉献 characteristic/krktrstk/n.特征;特点;品质 adj.典型的;独特的 characteristically/krktrstkli/adv.典型地;有代表性地 characterization/krktrazen/n.描述方法;刻画 conventional/knvennl/adj.

14、传统的;习惯的convention/knvenn/n.大会;习俗;协定 conventionally/knvennli/adv.传统地 assumption/smpn/n.假定;设定;(责任的)承担;(权利的)获得assume/sjum/v.认为;假 定;承担(责任) estimate/estmt/vt.估计;估价;估算 n.估计;估算estimation/estmen/ n.评价;看法;判 断;估计 consumption/knsmpn/n.消耗;消耗量;消费consumptive/knsmptv/adj.(与)(资源)消 耗(有关)的;(与)耗尽(有关)的consume/knsjum/v.

15、消耗;毁灭 reality/rilti/n.现实;实际情况;事实real/ril/adj.真的,真正的really/rili/adv.真正 地;实际上;的确 salty/slti/adj.含盐的;咸的salt/slt/n.盐 v.(给食物)加盐;用盐腌制(食物)adj.咸的 .情境词块 1.devote.to 把用于;献身;致力;专心 2.be comprised of 包括;包含;由组成(或构成) 3.keep.away from.不让接近 4.care for非常喜欢 5.be known as 被誉为 6.millions of 数以百万计的 7.have a shortage of 短

16、缺 8.work as 以身份而工作 9.be convinced that 确信 10.varieties of 多种多样的 11.be used for 被用于 12.enable sb. to do sth.使某人能够做某事 13.be generated from 由产生/引起 14.depend on 依靠;依赖 15.because of 由于;因为 16.far from 几乎相反;远非 17.deep down 实际上;在心底 18.very much 非常;确实是 19.make donations to 向捐赠 20.open up 张开;拓展;打开 21.be full

17、of vision 富有远见 22.dream up 凭空想出 .情境佳句 1. 句型公式过去分词作后置定语 教材原句 Yuan Longping, known as the “father of hybrid rice”, is one of Chinas most famous scientists. 尝试翻译袁隆平被人们称为“杂交水稻之父”,是中国最著名的科学家之一。 2. 句型公式“介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句 教材原句 Indeed, his slim but strong body is just like that of millions of Chinese farme

18、rs, to whom he has devoted his life. 尝试翻译确实,他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的数百万的中国农民一样。 3. 句型公式whether 引导主语从句;it作形式主语,动词不定式作真正的主语 教材原句However, whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate. 尝试翻译 然而,培育出一种像水稻这样的自花传粉植物的杂交品种是不是可能的还存在很大 的争议。 4. 句型公

19、式given that.考虑到 教材原句 Given that Yuans hybrids have made him quite wealthy, one might think he would retire to a life of leisure. However, this is far from the case. 尝试翻译 考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有,人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。 然而,事实远非如此。 .文本理解 Step 1Reading for the main idea What is the main idea of the text? A.Introdu

20、ce Yuan Longping, the “father of hybrid rice”, one of Chinas most famous scientists. B.Yuan Longping still considers himself a farmer after success. C.Yuan Longping overcame enormous technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice. D.Yuan Longping received numerous awards both in China and a

21、broad because of his invaluable contributions. 答案A 用构词法猜测词义 通常,新词并不是真正的“新”,它们只是你可能已经知道的单词的不同形式。例如,一个 以-ate 结尾的词通常是动词,而以-tion 结尾的词通常是名词。因此,我们认为 communicate 为 动词,communication 为名词。英语中有很多这样的单词范例。 Step 2Reading for the structure Fill in the following blanks with proper words. A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLE Yu

22、an considers himself a farmer. 1.Yuan Longping, known as the “father of hybrid rice”, is one of Chinas most famous scientists. 2.Yuans slim but strong body is just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to whom he has devoted his life. Yuan decided to study agriculture. 1.Yuans parents wanted him

23、 to pursue a career in science or medicine. 2.Yuan was concerned about farmers who often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat. Yuan conducted research and developed hybrid rice. 1.After graduating, Yuan Longping realised that larger fields were not the solution.

24、 2.Through intense effort, Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming. Yuans innovation has helped to feed more people. 1.Yuans innovation has helped feed not just China, but many other countries that depend on rice as well. 2.Due to

25、 his invaluable contributions, Yuan Longping has received numerous awards both in China and abroad. Yuan cares little for fame or wealth. As a man of the soil, Yuan cares little for celebrity or money. Instead, he makes large donationsto support agricultural research. Yuan is old but still working h

26、ard to fulfil his dreams. 1.Yuans latest vision for “seawater rice” has also become a reality. 2.Despite his advanced years, Yuan Longping is still young at heart and full of vision. Step 3Reading for the details Choose the best answer according to the text. 1.Why does Yuan Longping consider himself

27、 a farmer? A.Because he continually works the land in his research. B.Because his parents wanted him to be a farmer. C.Because he chose to study agriculture. D.Because he developed the first hybrid rice. 答案A 2.What is the main idea of the second paragraph? A.Although Yuans parents wanted him to purs

28、ue a career in science or medicine, he chose to study agriculture. B.Yuan is concerned about farmers who often had poor harvests. C.Farmers in China sometimes had a serious shortage of food to eat at that time. D.Yuan received an education at Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing. 答案A 3.What d

29、oes Yuan Longping make large donations to? A.Medicine.B.Education. C.Farmers.D.Agricultural research. 答案D 4.The word “envision” in Paragraph 6 most probably means. A.wanting sth. to happen B.imagining what a situation will be like C.knowing about the reality D.correcting ones behavior 答案B .难句突破 1.图解

30、难句 自我分析该句为主从复合句,句中 what 引导的是主语从句,that 引导的是表语从句。 尝试翻译然而,他最担心的是农民经常歉收,有时甚至严重缺乏吃的食物。 2.图解难句 自我分析该句中 that 引导定语从句,修饰先行词 the first hybrid rice,that 在从句中作主语。 尝试翻译通过巨大的努力,袁(隆平)克服了巨大的技术困难,在 1974年研制出了第一种可以 用于种植的杂交水稻。 3.图解难句 自我分析该句为主从复合句,句中 it 为形式主语,that 引导主语从句。 尝试翻译据估算,现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约 60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的 作物,他的杂

31、交水稻品种让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。 4.图解难句 自我分析该句为主从复合句,that 引导定语从句,修饰先行词 many other countries,that 在从 句中作主语。 尝试翻译袁(隆平)的创新不仅仅帮助养活了中国,而且养活了许多其他也依赖大米的国家, 如印度和越南。 .文本复述 Step 1Question Answering 根据课文内容回答下列问题。 1.What does Yuan Longping consider himself? Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer. 2.Why did Yuan Long

32、ping choose to study agriculture? Because he was concerned about farmers that often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat. 3.Why did Yuan overcome enormous technical difficulties? To develop the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming. 4.What is Yuans la

33、test vision that has also become a reality? Seawater rice. Step 2Text Retelling 将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。 Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer. Because he was concerned about farmers that often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat, he chose to study agricu

34、lture. After graduating, Yuan Longping overcame enormous technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice, which has helped feed not just China, but many other countries. Seawater rice is Yuans latest vision, which has also become a reality. 板块一语言知识 1.Indeed, his slim but strong body is just

35、like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to whom he has devoted his life. (教材 P50) 确实,他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的几百万的中国农民一样。 Paraphrase:Indeed, his slim but strong body is just like that of millions of Chinese farmers. He has devoted his life to these farmers. 语言点 1 devote vt.把献(给);把专用于;专心于 情境探究 You wil

36、l never gain success unless you are fully devoted to your work. 除非你完全专注于你的工作,不然你永远不会获得成功。 (鲜活例句)He decided to devote the rest of his life to the research of COVID-19. 他决定将自己的余生献给新冠肺炎的研究。 Her son, to whom she is (so) devoted, went abroad last year, leaving her alone in the small village. 她(那么)挚爱的儿子去年

37、去了国外,留下她一个人在小村子里。 Devoted to the study of science, she had little time to take care of her children. 她献身于科学研究,几乎没有时间照看自己的孩子。 归纳拓展 (1)devote oneself to sb./sth./doing sth.某人献身/致力/专心于某人/某事/做某事 devote ones life/time/money/energy to sth./doing sth.把某人的一生/时间/金钱/精力奉献于某事 /做某事 devote.to.把用于 (2)devoted adj.忠

38、实的;挚爱的 be devoted to sb.挚爱着某人;对某人忠诚 be devoted to sth./doing sth.专心于/奉献于某事/做某事 (3)devotion n.关爱;关照;奉献;忠诚 头脑风暴 短语“devote.to.”中的 to是介词,不是不定式符号,后接动词时应用其动名词形式,类似 用法的短语还有: look forward to doing sth.盼望做某事 be opposed to doing sth.反对做某事 object to doing sth.反对做某事 get down to doing sth.开始做某事 pay attention to

39、doing sth.注意做某事 be equal to doing sth.能胜任做某事 be/get used/accustomed to doing sth.习惯于做某事 adapt/adjust (oneself) to doing sth.(使自己)适应做某事 学以致用 (1)单句填空 If you are fully devoted (devote) to your work, you will be sure to succeed. He devotes himself to helping (help) children who are unable to go to schoo

40、l in remote areas. Everyone present was deeply moved by her devotion (devote) to education. (2)句型转换 I have spent much time in making preparations for the next lesson. I have devoted much time to making preparations for the next lesson. Devoted to reading the novel, she didnt notice her mother coming

41、 in. Devoting herself to reading the novel, she didnt notice her mother coming in. 2.Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice. (教材 P50) 袁坚信,答案就在杂交水稻的培育中。 Paraphrase:Yuan believed that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice. 语言点 2 convince vt.

42、使相信;使确信;说服 情境探究 His mother has been trying to convince him to see a doctor. 他妈妈一直试图说服他去看医生。 I have been convinced that the print media are usually more accurate and more reliable than television. 我确信印刷媒体常常会比电视更准确、更可靠。 There is now convincing evidence that smoking causes lung cancer. 现在有令人信服的证据证明吸烟导致

43、肺癌。 归纳拓展 (1)convince sb. to do sth.说服某人做某事 convince sb. of sth.使某人相信某事 convince sb. that.使某人相信 (2)be convinced of.确信;相信 be convinced that.确信 (3)convincing adj.令人信服的;有说服力的 学以致用 (1)单句填空 Oscar convinced the manager to look (look) into the record of advance ticket sales. We finally managed to convince t

44、he customers of the quality of the vehicle. From this experience, I am convinced (convince) that a result is not everything. (2)单句写作 这幅图画让我深信做一个好女儿比做一个好学生更重要。 The picture convinces me that it is more important to be a good daughter than a good student. (3)句型转换 He is convinced of the truth of the rep

45、ort. He is convinced that the report is true. In the New York City a friend persuaded me into visiting Metropolitan Museum of Art. In the New York City a friend convinced me to visit Metropolitan Museum of Art. 3.A hybrid is a cross between two or more varieties of a species. (教材 P50) 杂交种是一个物种的两个或两个

46、以上变种的杂交。 语言点 3 variety n.C品种,(同一事物的)不同种类,多种式样;U变化;多样化 情境探究 More importantly, I am a person full of passion for a variety of things. 更重要的是,我是一个对各种事物充满热情的人。 Rooms vary in size and are equipped with hairdryers, televisions and telephones. 房间大小不同,均配有吹风机、电视和电话。 The variety of foods at the restaurant is l

47、imited, but the amount of each dish is fairly large. 这家饭店里食物的种类是有限的,但每道菜的量是相当大的。 归纳拓展 (1)a variety of= varieties of种种;各种各样的;各种不同的 the variety of.的品种 (2)various adj.各种不同的;各种各样的 (3)vary vi.(根据情况)变化;改变;不同 vary in.在方面不同 vary from.to.从到不同 vary with.随着而变化 vary between.and.在和之间变化 误区警示 a variety of/varietie

48、s of后接复数名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;the variety of后接 复数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。 学以致用 (1)单句填空 Changes in price normally vary with changes in supply and demand. Though Lucy and Lily are twins, they vary in characters. The school library provides various (variety) original works, hoping they will meet the needs of diffe

49、rent students. House prices vary from place to place and are usually high where there are famous schools. (2)单句写作 在这种技术的帮助下,给检查者提供各种合适的锻炼方法的建议变得容易多了。 With the help of this technique, providing various (= a variety of/varieties of) suggestions on appropriate ways of exercise for examinees becomes muc

50、h easier. 4.The common assumption then was that it could not be done. (教材 P50) 当时的普遍假设是那是不可能做到的。 语言点 4 assumption n.假定;设定;(责任的)承担;(权利的)获得 情境探究 People tend to make assumptions about you based on your appearance. 人们往往根据你的外表来推测你。 Assuming (that) the advice is accepted, when are we going to get the mone