（2021新外研版）高中英语必修第三册Unit 3 Diverse Cultures Discoveringuseful struturesppt课件.ppt

1、understand the use of ellipsis in English 3 3 Excuse me! Yes? Is this your handbag? Pardon? Is this your handbag? Yes, it is. Thank you very much. 这段简短的对话中都省这段简短的对话中都省 略了哪些词呢？略了哪些词呢？ Watch and ObserveWatch and Observe Excuse me! Yes? Is this your handbag? Pardon? Is this your handbag? Yes, it is. Th

2、ank you very much. (You) (I beg your) pardon. my handbag. (I) Have a Observe the following sentences and pay attention to the red parts. 1. A: Oh, I just love nachos! (They are) Mexican corn chips covered in Cheese! B: Me, too. / (I love nachos), too. 2. A: So its the food of many different cultures

3、, (and they are) all in one dish? B: Exactly, (its the food of many different cultures, and they are all in one dish.) 3. (There is) a real mix of cultures here! 4. (I) cant wait (to go there)! Please underline the words that can be left out. 1. A: Oh, I just love nachos! They are Mexican corn chips

4、 covered in Cheese! B: Me, too. / I love nachos, too. 2. A: So its the food of many different cultures, and they are all in one dish? B: Exactly, its the food of many different cultures, and they are all in one dish. 3. There is a real mix of cultures here! 4. I cant wait to go there! 省略句的定义省略句的定义(d

5、efinition of ellipsis)(definition of ellipsis) 省略是为了省略是为了避免重复避免重复、突出新信息突出新信息并并使使 上下文紧密连接上下文紧密连接的一种的一种语法修辞手段语法修辞手段。 省略在语言中省略在语言中, , 尤其在对话中尤其在对话中, , 是一种是一种 十分普遍的现象。十分普遍的现象。 省略前提省略前提: : 主谓宾主谓宾, , 定状表定状表, , 如有重复可删掉。如有重复可删掉。 省略原则省略原则: : 词语省略后词语省略后, , 不致令人费解。不致令人费解。 (You) Come in, please. (I) See you tomo

6、rrow. (I) Thank you for your help. (I) Beg your pardon. 简单句中的省略简单句中的省略 1. 省略主语省略主语: 祈使句中的主语通常被省祈使句中的主语通常被省 略略; 其他省略主语的情况多限于少数现其他省略主语的情况多限于少数现 成的说法。成的说法。 (It) Sounds a good idea. (Will you) Have a smoke? (Would you like) Something to drink? (You come) This way, please. 2. 省略主语或谓语的一部分省略主语或谓语的一部分 3. 省略

7、宾语省略宾语 - Do you know Miss Hu? - I dont know (her). Tom enjoys dancing, but Peter hates (dancing). 可以省略宾语的全部可以省略宾语的全部 Dont touch anything unless the teacher tells you to (touch). - Are you a teacher? - No, but I want to be (a teacher). - He hasnt finished the task. - Well, he ought to have (finished

8、it). 可以省略作宾语的动词不定式可以省略作宾语的动词不定式, 只保留只保留to, 但如果该宾语是动词但如果该宾语是动词be或完成形式或完成形式, 则须则须 在在to后加上后加上be或或have。 - Are you thirsty? - Yes, I am (thirsty). His brother isnt lazy. Nor is his sister (lazy). 4. 省略表语省略表语 - Are you feeling better now? - (Im feeling) Better (now). - When did you read the novel? - (I re

9、ad it) Long ago. Lets meet at the school gate as the same as (we met) yesterday. 5. 同时省略几个句子成分同时省略几个句子成分 两个并列分句中，后一分句常省略与前两个并列分句中，后一分句常省略与前 一分句中相同的部分。一分句中相同的部分。 Mike said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he didnt (come to school to see me the next day). Lins father was not at

10、 home, but his mother was (at home). She was poor but (she was) honest. 并列句中的省略并列句中的省略 1. 主句中的省略主句中的省略 (1) 主句的省略多见于句首，多用于口语。主句的省略多见于句首，多用于口语。 (Its a) Pity you couldnt come. (2) 在对话中答句省去整个主句只用从句。在对话中答句省去整个主句只用从句。 - Shall I go to play? - If you like (you can go to play). 复合句中的省略复合句中的省略 2. 宾语从句中的省略宾语从句

11、中的省略 (1) 由由which, when, where, how和和why引导引导 的宾语从句，可全部或部分省去，只保的宾语从句，可全部或部分省去，只保 留引导词。留引导词。 Please pass me one of these books and I dont care which (you pass me). (2) 在在Im afraid, I think, I believe, I hope, I guess等开头的作答句中，后面跟等开头的作答句中，后面跟so与与 not分别用于肯定或否定宾语时，宾语从分别用于肯定或否定宾语时，宾语从 句可省去。句可省去。 - Do you th

12、ink it will rain? - I hope not (that it will not rain). 3. 状语从句中的省略状语从句中的省略 (1) 状语从句出现在句末时，一般都可以状语从句出现在句末时，一般都可以 作句尾省略。作句尾省略。 John will go if Mary will (go). You can ask me questions if (there are) any (questions). (2) 有时条件从句可以完全省去，只剩下有时条件从句可以完全省去，只剩下 主句。主句。 I would have come yesterday (if I had wan

13、ted to). (3) 以以as, than引导的比较状语从句可以全引导的比较状语从句可以全 部或部分省去。部或部分省去。 After half an hour, she became quieter (than she had been). (4) 在表示时间、地点、条件、让步等的在表示时间、地点、条件、让步等的 状语从句中，从句的主语如与主句的主状语从句中，从句的主语如与主句的主 语相同，常省略从句的主语和谓语。语相同，常省略从句的主语和谓语。 When (you are) crossing the road, youd better look at both sides. Unless

14、 (I am) invited I will not go. While (he was) on a walking tour with his wife, he stooped to talk to a workman. 1. that的省略的省略 (1) 宾语从句中常省略宾语从句中常省略that, 但多个宾语但多个宾语 从句并列时从句并列时, 通常只省略第一个通常只省略第一个that。 He said (that) the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart. (2) 定语从句中定语从句中that作宾语时

15、可以省略。作宾语时可以省略。 The book (that) I borrowed yesterday was hers. 其他省略其他省略 2. 不定式符号不定式符号to的省略的省略 (1) 并列的不定式可省去后面的并列的不定式可省去后面的to。 The boy did nothing but play. (3) 介词介词but前若有实义动词前若有实义动词do, 后面不定式后面不定式 不带不带to。 I will help (to) do it for you. I will help you (to) do it. (2) help当当“帮助帮助”讲时，后面的宾语或宾讲时，后面的宾语或宾

16、补的不定式符号补的不定式符号to可带可不带。可带可不带。 I told him to sit down and wait for a moment. I saw the boy fall from the tree. The boy was seen to fall from the tree. The boss made us work 12 hours a day. We were made to work 12 hours a day. (4) 某些使役动词某些使役动词（let, make, have）及感及感 官动词官动词（see, watch, hear, notice, obser

17、ve, feel, look at, listen to等）等）后面作宾语补足后面作宾语补足 语的不定式一定要省去语的不定式一定要省去to, 但在被动语态但在被动语态 中须将中须将to复原。复原。 (5) 主语从句中有实义动词主语从句中有实义动词do, 后面作表后面作表 语的不定式的语的不定式的to可带可不带。可带可不带。 What we can do now is (to) wait. 3. 条件从句中有条件从句中有should, were或或had时时, 可以省略可以省略if, 但要将但要将should, were或或had 提至句首。提至句首。 If I were you, I woul

18、d give it up. Were I you, I would give it up. 1. signs/labels No parking. (No parking is allowed here.) Quiet! (You should be quiet here.) 2. newspaper headlines Turandot on stage. (The opera Turandot is being performed on stage.) 一些特殊结构中的省略一些特殊结构中的省略 3. instructions Do not bend! (Do not bend this e

19、nvelope.) 4. postcards/diaries Best wishes. (I give you my best wishes.) 5. notes Opera OK, costumes great. (The opera was OK, and the costumes were great.) Exercises 1. She likes singing and she likes dancing. 2. Is this the driver that you talked about yesterday? 3. The man who is sitting by the w

20、indow is Mr. Smith. 4. He could not decide whether to buy the car or not to buy the car. 5. When it is heated, the metal expands. 6. You can do it if you want to do it. 7. My father designed all these houses and my father built all these houses. 8. He is the last person that I want to see. Change th

21、e sentences into elliptical sentences. 9. He worked hard but his brother did not work hard. 10. While he was reading the newspaper, grandpa nodded from time to time. 11. He went to the doctor because he had to go to the doctor. 12. The reference books which were ordered last month havent arrived yet

22、. 13. We tested the depth of the water and the temperature of the water. 14. Although he is very busy, he will do it for us. 15. You may leave if you wish to leave. P30 2 Rewrite the sentences by taking out the unnecessary parts. 1. You mean you are planning a trip across the Atlantic for a holiday?

23、 It sounds like a good idea. 2. He tried to solve his financial problems, but he couldnt solve the problems. 3. If it is necessary, Ill finish my report on American poetry as soon as it is possible. 4. Are you going to dress like that? Wearing a dress might be better than wearing jeans and boots. 5.

24、 Some wild mushrooms are poisonous and some are not poisonous. 6. I really like that paper folding book, and my son likes that paper folding book, too. P30 3 Read the conversation. Find out which words have been left out. Justin: Linlin, Im going to Guizhou Province next month. Im super excited! Any

25、 recommendations for places to visit? Linlin: Wow, cool! Guizhou is a province with a lot of cultural diversity. Places to visit well, definitely the Huangguoshu Waterfall first. Justin: Whats special about the waterfall? Linlin: Well, have you ever heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West? Ju

26、stin: Yes, I have. Why? Linlin: In the back of the waterfall, you will find a cave, which is the home of the Monkey King. Justin: Really? Cool! Ill definitely check it out. Linlin: And I strongly recommend the ethnic minority villages. Youll find Chinese culture is much more diverse than you thought

27、. Justin: Sounds great, thanks! Justin: Linlin, Im going to Guizhou Province next month. Im super excited! Do you have any recommendations for places to visit in Guizhou Province? Linlin: Wow, thats cool! Guizhou is a province with a lot of cultural diversity. What are some places to visit in Guizho

28、u? Well, definitely the Huangguoshu Waterfall is the first place to visit in Guizhou Province. Justin: Whats special about the waterfall? Linlin: Well, have you ever heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West? Justin: Yes, I have heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West. Why do you ask if

29、I have heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West? Linlin: In the back of the Huangguoshu waterfall, you will find a cave, which is the home of the Monkey King from Journey to the West. Justin: Thats really true? Its cool! Ill definitely check it out. Linlin: And I strongly recommend the ethnic

30、minority villages on your trip to Guizhou Province. Youll find Chinese culture is much more diverse than you thought it was. Justin: This all Sounds great. Thanks! 1. 省略的概念：为了使语言简洁或避省略的概念：为了使语言简洁或避 免重复，省略句中的一个或几个句免重复，省略句中的一个或几个句 子成分。子成分。 2. 可省略的成分。可省略的成分。 3. 用省略的情况。用省略的情况。 1. Havent seen you for age

31、s. _ 2. Some more tea? _ 3. Sounds like a good idea. _ 4. Doesnt matter. _ 5. Sorry to hear that. _ I havent seen you for ages. Would you like some more tea? That/It sounds like a good idea. Quiz I: Find out what have been left out. It doesnt matter. Im sorry to hear that. 6. Pity you couldnt come.

32、_ 7. This way, please. _ 8. Terrible weather! _ 9. Joining us for a drink? _ 10. Going to the supermarket? _ Its / What a pity you couldnt come. Step / Come this way, please. What terrible weather it is! Are you joining us for a drink? Are you going to the supermarket? 1. 我的兄弟抽烟，而我不抽烟。我的兄弟抽烟，而我不抽烟。

33、_ 2. 一旦出版，这部小说将成为今年的畅销书之一旦出版，这部小说将成为今年的畅销书之 一。一。 _ 3. 过马路要小心。过马路要小心。 _ 4. 我只能按照别人告我的方法去做。我只能按照别人告我的方法去做。 _ 5. 那袋子沉么？那袋子沉么？ 不很沉。不很沉。 _ My brother smokes, but I dont (smoke). Quiz II: Translate the sentences. When published, the novel will become one of the best sellers of the year. When (you are) cro

34、ssing the road, (you must) be careful. I can only do it (the way) as (I was) told (to do it in that way). Is that bag heavy? (Its) Not very (heavy). Angela: What is your favourite kind of music? David: (My favourite kind of music is) jazz. Angela: Is it really? David: Yes, it is. Angela: Have you go

35、t a favourite jazz musician? David: Have you ever heard of Louis Armstrong? Angela: Mmm. he played the trumpet, didnt he? David: Yes, he did. He was a good singer, too. Angela: Have you got many of his CDs? David: Ive got only two CDs. Angela: Can I borrow one of those CDs? David: Yes, of course you can borrow one. Quiz III: Put brackets around the words that can be left out. The first example is done for you. () () () () ( ) () () () () ()() Self-evaluationSelf-evaluation 各个击破 Can you use ellipsis correctly? Finish the exercises in Learning English.