广州市2021届普通高中毕业班综合测试（一）（英语）.doc

1、1 广州市广州市 2021 届普通高中毕业班综合测试（一）届普通高中毕业班综合测试（一） 英英语语 本试卷共 10 页，满分 120 分。考试用时 120 分钟。 注意事项：注意事项： 1答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、试室号和座位号填写在答题卡上，用 2B 铅笔将试 卷类型（A）填涂在答题卡相应位置上，并在答题卡相应位置上填涂考生号。因笔试不考听力，试卷 从第二部分开始，试题序号从“21”开始。 2作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑。如 需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。 3非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作

2、答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相 应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要 求作答无效。 4考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第二部分第二部分阅读（共两节阅读（共两节，满分满分 50 分）分） 第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Exercising regularly not only helps you keep slim, but also improves your overall health

3、and well-being. Different exercises produce different results, as they focus on alternate parts of the body. There are four broad exercise categories: endurance, strength, flexibility, and balance. Many people often only focus on one exercise type, but including all four in your workout will produce

4、 better results and reduce your risk of injury. Endurance Endurance exercises increase your breathing and heart rate. By doing endurance exercises, you are working to keep your heart, lungs, and blood-flow system healthy while improving your total fitness. Over time these activities will make everyd

5、ay activities seem easier. Strength If you want to build up your muscles, then strength exercises, which are also known as resistance training, 2 are right for you. Even the slightest increase in strength can make a huge difference in your ability to carry out daily tasks. Developing strong muscles

6、also reduces your risk of weak bones. Flexibility Flexibility exercises help stretch your bodys muscles. This allows for more freedom of movement for other exercises and can also improve your range of motion, posture, ability to breathe deeply, and blood flow. Also, it reduces the muscle tension cau

7、sed by stress. Balance Balance exercises help prevent falls and are especially important to older adults, helping them stay independent. Most good balance exercises are ones that keep you constantly moving with your feet on the ground. Heel-to-toe walking and standing on one foot are simple ways to

8、improve balance. 21How can a person benefit most from their exercise routine? ABy combining different exercise types together. BBy having sufficient rest between their workouts. CBy concentrating on one training aspect at a time. DBy increasing the frequency of their training gradually. 22Which exer

9、cise types are most useful to improve a persons breathing function? AStrength and Balance.BFlexibility and Balance. CEndurance and Strength.DEndurance and Flexibility. 23Which part of the body plays the most important role in balance-related exercises? AArms.BLegs.CWaist.DNeck. B The history of micr

10、obiology begins with a Dutch cloth maker named Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, a man of no formal scientific education. In the late 1600s, Leeuwenhoek, inspired by the magnifying lenses (放大镜) he used to examine cloth, built some of the first microscopes. He developed a technique to improve the quality of ti

11、ny, rounded lenses, some of which could magnify an object up to 270 times. After removing some plaque from between his teeth and examining it under a lens, Leeuwenhoek found tiny twisting creatures, which he called animalcules. His observations, which he reported to the Royal Society of London, are

12、among the first descriptions of microbes (微生物). Leeuwenhoek discovered an entire universe invisible to the human eye. He found different microbes in samples of pond water, rain water, and human blood. He gave the first description of red blood cells, observed plant tissue, examined muscle, and inves

13、tigated the life cycle of insects. Nearly two hundred years later, Leeuwenhoeks discovery of microbes helped French chemist and biologist Louis Pasteur to develop his theory of disease. This concept suggested that disease originates from tiny organisms attacking and weakening the body. Pasteurs theo

14、ry later helped doctors to fight infectious diseases 3 including anthrax, diphtheria, polio, smallpox, tetanus, and typhoid. All these breakthroughs were the result of Leeuwenhoeks original work. Leeuwenhoek did not foresee this legacy. In a 1716 letter, he described his contribution to science this

15、 way: My work, which Ive done for a long time, was not pursued in order to gain the praise I now enjoy, but chiefly from a strong desire for knowledge, which I notice resides in me more than in most other men. And therefore, whenever I found out anything remarkable, I have thought it my duty to put

16、down my discovery on paper, so that the scientific community might be informed thereof.” 24Which of the following best describes Leeuwenhoek? AAtrained researcher with an interest in microbiology. BAcurious amateur who made pioneer studies of microbes. CAtalented scientist interested in finding a cu

17、re for disease. DA bored cloth maker who accidentally made a major discovery. 25The underlined phrase this legacy in paragraph 3 refers to_. Athe discovery of microbes BPasteurs theory of disease CLeeuwenhoeks contribution Dthe origin of the tiny organisms 26What does the quote from Leeuwenhoeks let

18、ter suggest? AHe admitted that many of his discoveries happened by chance. BHe considered his work to be central to later medical breakthroughs. CHe was greatly concerned with improving peoples living conditions. DHe believed the sharing of knowledge was a key to scientific progress. 27What is the c

19、orrect order for the following events? aMagnifying lenses were built. bThe “theory of disease” was put forward. cMicrobes were discovered in samples of waters. dLeeuwenhoeks first microscopes were successfully developed. eLeeuwenhoek explained his thoughts upon his own contribution. Aa-d-c-e-bBd-a-c

20、-e-bCa-c-d-b-eDd-a-e-b-c C Around 200 B.C., Aristophanes, an ancient Greek librarian, developed a system of marks to break up text to make it easier to read. Before this, words were often written in one long sentence without spaces between the 4 words. Today in many languages including English there

21、 is a set of rules on how to use full stops, commas and other text marks. However, some believe this is changing. Dr Robert Frost, who studies language, says people no longer use full stops and other punctuation (标点) symbols because they feel their messages are clear enough without them. So, is punc

22、tuation helpful or just troublesome? Yespunctuation is important Punctuation is needed in order to make the meaning of written words clear. If a parent messaged to say, “Its time to eat, children”, this is different from, Its time to eat children. The second sentence would probably make you want to

23、run in the opposite direction because it sounds as though children were on the menu. The author Jonathan Pierce argues that punctuation can be used to add drama, to break up the sequence of words and change the rhythm of a sentence. It allows writers to make sentences more interesting so the readers

24、 do not get bored, Pierce claims. “Otherwise, the words run into each other and lose their impact. Besides, learning the different ways punctuation marks can be used is fun. It can add a lot to the style of writing and make it clearer. Nowe dont need it Punctuation. Even, if a sentence is badly punc

25、tuated. like this one； It can still be, understood. This short piece of text shows that it is the words that are the important part of the sentence, not the symbols between them. Oxford-based linguist Kelly Jones says, It is the order in which the words appear that conveys the meaning, not the punct

26、uation marks. If there is any doubt in the meaning of the sentence, people are clever enough to work out what the person is really trying to say. For instance, when people speak, they do not use punctuation and yet we can still understand each other.” Also, punctuation can be confusing there are lot

27、s of complex rules to observe, and if it is used incorrectly it can cause more problems than if there were none, Punctuation simply isnt needed. 28What is the purpose of this passage? ATo discuss alternative viewpoints. BTo support one argument over another. CTo evaluate the strength of competing id

28、eas. DTo outline historical development of language. 29Who believes punctuation is necessary? ARobert Frost and Kelly Jones. BAristophanes and Robert Frost. CJonathan Pierce and Kelly Jones. DAristophanes and Jonathan Pierce. 30In paragraph 3, the underlined part is used as. 5 Aa definitionBa factCa

29、n exampleDan error 31Which of the following can be a strong argument against Kelly Joness opinion? APunctuation adds to the effect and richness of a language. BWithout punctuation, people would be breathless when speaking. CPauses and tones in speech serve similar functions to punctuation. DThe choi

30、ce and order of words are important to conveying meaning. D To many people, honey bees symbolize wealth, sustainability and environmentalism. But as a honey bee researcher, I have to tell you that only the first item on that list is defensible. Although they are important for agriculture, honey bees

31、, which are usually imported from outside the local area, also disturb natural ecosystems by competing with native bees. For several years the media has told us that bee populations are under threat. In response to this media campaign to save the bees, raising honey bees has become a popular hobby.

32、But as a species, honey bees are least in need of saving. Much media attention is given to honey bees at the expense of native bees, and this has led many citizens myself once included to mistakenly believe they are doing a good thing for the environment by raising honey bees. Unfortunately, they ar

33、e probably doing more harm than good. “Beekeeping is for people; its not a conservation practice,” says Shelly Smith, an environmental science professor. “People mistakenly think keeping honey bees also helps the native bees, which are at risk of extinction. Thats wrong.” Smith and her research team

34、 recently surveyed one thousand local people in Canada and found that they had a surprisingly poor understanding of bee types and their roles in promoting flower growth. Most peoples attention is on saving honey bees when, from a conservationists point of view, native bees are the ones in more need

35、of support. “To make matters worse, beekeeping companies and various non-science-based projects have financially benefited from the decline of native bee populations,” Smith explains. “These companies pretend they are interested in saving bees but their actions are actually damaging the native bee p

36、opulations.” The introduction of honey bees increases competition with native bee populations for food, putting even more pressure on the wild species that are already in decline. Honey bees are extremely efficient food gatherers and take over almost all local flower resources, thus leading to damag

37、ing competition that is, where one species uses up a resource, not leaving enough to go around. 6 32Which statement does the writer argue for? AHoney bees endanger native bees. BHoney bees are a symbol of wealth. CHoney bees are important for agriculture. DHoney bees can defend natural ecosystems. 3

38、3What can be inferred from paragraph 2? ABeekeeping is a still-popular traditional hobby. BThe media is responsible for misleading the public. CCitizensattempts to protect the environment are effective. DThe media campaign has failed to promote honey bee businesses. 34What surprised Shelly Smiths te

39、am? ABeekeeping companies making great profits. BThe quick expansion of bee-friendly habitats. CThe publics ignorance of bee varieties and roles. DInsufficient attention given to saving honey bees. 35How does the writer develop the last paragraph? ABy listing examples. BBy making comparisons. CBy an

40、alyzing survey data. DBy explaining cause and effect. 第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Do you like the idea of running your own business from home? Most of you do, and the first things you say you like about it are being your own boss, having flexible hours

41、 and working in your pajamas (睡衣).36 Being your own boss is definitely one big advantage.37You must commit to work on your business regularly to make profits. If not, you will find that your income becomes non-existent. So, have set office hours where you productively work on building your business.

42、 38Doctorsappointments and family commitments can simply be worked into your schedule. Again, you need to arrange your appointments carefully and try to book them together. This way you can get all of your 7 running around done in one day. Working in your pajamas may seem appealing initially. But it

43、 can also prevent you from actually getting your work done.39After that, just walk into your office and start your days work. Being too casual means getting less work done on a regular basis. In order to run a successful business from home you need to have a good mindset.40Taking off too many hours

44、each week will damage your financial stability and long-term success. Set goals and limits on your time. Build your business first, before taking advantage of what working from home offers. ABut it can also become your downfall without care. BFlexible hours are another huge plus of working from home

45、. COnce its achieved, youll have more opportunities to develop business contacts. DYou may find it more efficient to get up, exercise, then shower and dress for work. EThis includes realizing that you and only you are responsible for your own income. FOne of the biggest drawbacks is that it is so ea

46、sy to allow yourself to have excuses. GWhile these benefits sound great, the reality of working from home can be a little different. 第三部分第三部分语言运用语言运用 (共两节共两节，满分满分 30 分分) 第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Camogli looks like any other small Italian coastal town.

47、The little41houses face the sea. The sunlight warms their beauty. But, look carefully and youll see many things that seem42. but theyre not. This fishing village is full of trompe loeil an art form in which nothing is what it appears to be. While some flowers die, others live for years. Why? Because

48、 theyre43on the building! Trompe loeil has been around for centuries.44, Camoglis fishermen painted their houses in bright colors and unusual designs, so that they could see their homes45from the water. Then, in the 1700s, it became a way to make small, simple buildings look46and high-valued. And to

49、day? There are still many trompe loeil houses in villages like Camogli, but only a few artists are 47to paint them. Carlo is one of this ever-decreasing band of artists whos managed to make a business out of it. His48are often people who want to improve their homes49. But for Carlo trompe loeils pur

50、pose is to bring something50to a new place, such as bringing the city to the sea or even the deserts to the cities. 8 Carlos painting style51the past. He only uses old-style paints and mixes them by hand. He does so for one reason: to protect the trompe loeil52. He also believes this art should be53