Unit3 Getting along with others Welcome to the unit & Reading 知识点学案-（2021新牛津译林版）高中英语必修第一册（高一上期）.doc

1、1 M1U3 Getting along with others Welcome to the unit was 3. But in the morning， my friend posted a message on social media saying she had a cold. 但是早上我的朋友在社交媒体上发了一条消息说她感冒了。 本句为复合句， 句中 saying.为现在分词短语做伴随状语。 现在分词现在分词(短语短语)做状语做状语 (1)状语类型：方式、伴随、条件、让步、时间、原因、结果状语等。 (2)逻辑主语：一般为句子的主语或分词前的整个句子。 (3)时态特征：现在分词所表

2、示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时或几乎同时 发生时，用现在分词的一般式 doing； 现在分词所表示的动作先于谓语动词所表示的动作时， 用现在分词的完成式 having done。 (4)语态特征：现在分词的主动主动式表示构成分词的动词与其逻辑主语之间是主谓 关系，被动被动式则表示两者之间是动宾关系。 (5)与状语从句的转化：条件、让步、时间、原因、结果状语可转化为相应的状 语从句。 Having been held back by the traffic jam， she couldnt get there on time. 她因交通堵塞被耽误， 无法准时到达那里。 (原因状语， hold

3、 与 she 之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，分词所表示的动作发生在谓 语动词所表示的动作之前) 归纳拓展：归纳拓展： 表行为方式和伴随情况时，其动作往往与主句谓语动词的动作同时发生，相当于 一个并列结构。 做伴随状语的分词表示的动作，必须是主语的一个动作，或是与谓语所表示的动 作(或状态)同时发生，或是对谓语表示的动词(或状态)做进一步地补充说明。 They stood there for an hour watching the game. 13 The children rushed out of the classroom, laughing and talking me merrily. H

4、e sat on the sofa， watching TV. He came running into the room. (方式状语， He 与 run 之间是逻辑上的主谓关系， 分词所表示的动作与谓语动词 所表示的动作同时发生) 特别提醒 (1)现在分词(短语)做状语时，它的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。 (2)当现在分词的逻辑主语不是句子的主语时，现在分词需要带上自己的主语， 从而构成独立主格独立主格结构。 The meeting being over， we all left the hall. 会议结束后， 我们都离开了大厅。 Weather permitting， I will

5、go and visit you. 天气允许的话， 我就去拜访你。 1.单句语法填空 (1) The national park has a large collection of wildlife，_(range) from butterflies to elephants. (2) Many Chinese brands，_ (develop)their reputations over centuries， are facing new challenges from the modern market. (3) (2020昆明二模) Her husband died in 2013，_

6、(leave)her with two children. (4) (2018全国卷改编) Everyone was silent，_(wait) to see who would be called upon to read his or her paragraph aloud. (5) (2019北京卷改编) Nervously _(face)challenges， I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words“Be yourself”. 答案：ranging；having developed；leaving；waiting；fa

7、cing 4. A classmate told me she had seen my friend chatting with another girl in a cafe on Saturday afternoon. 14 一位同学告诉我， 她看到我的朋友周六下午在咖啡馆里和另一个女孩聊天。 本句为复合句，句中 she had seen.afternoon 省略了 that 的宾语从句。在宾语从 句中,chatting with.为 V.-ing 形式做宾语补足语。 V.-ing 形式做宾语补足语形式做宾语补足语 1.V.-ing 形式做宾语补足语表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作， 强调一个

8、过程。 I saw him going upstairs. 我看见他正在上楼。 We watched her crossing the street. 我们看着她在过大街。 We heard her singing in her room. 我们听见她在房间里唱歌。 2.用 v.-ing 形式做宾语补足语的几类动词(短语) ： (1) 表示感觉和心理状态的动词(短语) ， 常见的有 see， hear， feel， smell， find，notice， observe， look at， listen to 等。 We saw a light burning in the window. I

9、 felt somebody patting me on the shoulder. I didnt notice him waiting. (2) 表示指使意义的动词， 常见的有 have， set， keep， get， catch， leave 等。 I wont have you doing that. This incident set me thinking. Im sorry to have kept you waiting. I cant get the clock going again. You wont catch me doing that again. (3) see

10、， hear， feel， watch 等动词之后用 V-ing 形式和动词不定式做宾语补足 的区别： 前者表示动作正在进行，而后者表示(或强调)动作从开始到结束的全程。如： We passed by the classroom and saw the teacher making the experiment. 我们走过教室，看见老师在做实验。(只在走过教室的刹那间，看见老师正在做 15 实验) We sat an hour and watched the teacher make the experiment. 我们坐了一个小时，看老师做实验。(一个小时之内一直在看老师做实验) 如果宾语补

11、足语是短暂性动词， 动词不定式短语表示一次动作， 而 V.-ing 形 式则表示反复动作。如： We heard the door slam.(一次动作) We heard the door slamming.(反复动作) 1.单句语法填空 (1) I felt my heart_(beat) faster. (2) The question_(discuss) at present has something important to do with our daily life. (3) China is a_(develop) country_(belong)to the third w

12、orld. (4) Who is the man_(talk) to the teacher? -Amodel worker_(visit) our school. (5) It is said that the missing students were last seen _(play)near the river. (6) The police woman looked around and caught a young man_ (put)his hand into the pocket of a passenger. 答 案 ： beating;beingdiscussing;dev

13、eloping;belonging;talking;visiting; playing;putting 5.I can not imagine living without it. 我无法想象没有它的生活。 not.without.是一个双重否定结构， 用来表示肯定意义， 此处的 not 也可用 never 来代替。 (1)常见的双重否定结构还有： not/no/never.without.没有不 (2)常见的用否定形式表示肯定意义的结构有： can not.too.越越； 无论怎样也不为过 16 nothing/not/no.impossible.没有.不/不可能 1.单句语法填空 (1)

14、I couldnt have gone through that bitter period _your generous help. (2) You cant be _careful while driving the car. 答案：without；too 三课堂练习 (1)单句语法填空 1. Hes still recovering_his operation. 2.I completely_(misunderstand) her intentions. 3.The product was developed in_(respond)to customer demand. 4.He is

15、 _a loss whether going out with them or staying at home alone. 5.My kids spend hours_(chat)with their friends on the phone. 6.He was voted the most_(promise) new actor for his part in the movie. 7.The date of the move has not been_(definite) decided yet. 8.When we weigh the risk and the reward， the

16、risk seems worth_(take) . 9.Ten dollars_(be) all I have left. 10.The man _is talking to the teacher is my father. 答案：1.from 2.misunderstood 3.response 4.at 5.chatting 6.promising 7.definitely 8.talking 四课后练习 （1）阅读理解 (2019南昌八一中学高一月考) When my best friend and I were teenagers， our favorite place to han

17、gout was the Hallmark store.If we had money，we would choose a per feet card for each other and then share tears or smiles depending on what emotion the words expressed.In those coming years we developed a friendship built on sincere feelings and we often found comfort in the words of a Hallmark card

18、.I think it is perhaps since those years 17 that I have become a greeting card collector. The other day， while cleaning out the storage in my home， I came across the bag where I have kept greeting cards.They are the lasting messages that speak the meanings of my life.I pulled out a foolish-looking c

19、ard.It has a stick drawing on the front that seems to be my portrait(肖像画) ， I laughed as I realized this is exactly how my oldest daughter saw her mum.Opening it up I saw a hand-drawn heart with eyes and a big smile.On the other side are some words“You are the best mum in the world!”This maybe one c

20、ard that Hallmark cards can not compete with for it is a treasure more precious than gold.I cant go back to where Ive been but，from time to time， I can be taken into a welcomed memory trip. These are the Hallmark moments of our lives.Words from once upon a time inspire us to appreciate the people in

21、 our lives who mean so much.When we sometimes have doubts， or when the world treats us unfairly， the encouraging words are there in black and white， sometimes drawn in a homemade stick drawing with a heart-shaped smiling face standing out from the rest. Life is a Hallmark card when you care enough t

22、o send the very best. 1.What influence does the Hallmark card have on the author? A.Finding her real hobby. B.Becoming a greeting card donor， C.Getting real friendship and comfort， D.Learning to share the experience making cards. 2.The author uses“a welcomed memory tripin paragraph 2to show that A.s

23、he often remembers her past trip B.those cards are very meaningful for her C.her daughters words moved her deeply D.drawing herself on the cards is very meaningful 3.Why does the author think the words on the cards mean a lot? A.Because they make her full of thanks. B.Because they are written in dif

24、ferent colors. C.Because they can help her overcome doubts. 18 D.Because they always inform her of the card collector. 4.What can be the best title for the text? A.Words on the Cards B.Collecting Greeting Cards is a Hobby C.Life is a Hallmark Card D.Memory in the Childhood 答案： 语篇导读这是一篇夹叙夹议文， 作者以珍贵的

25、Hallmark cards 为线索，追忆和 朋友建立在真诚感情基础上的友谊。 他们常常从一张标志性卡片上的话语中找到 安慰，感叹生活就是一张标志性的卡片。 1.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In those coming years we developed a friendship built on sincere feelings and we often found comfort in the words of a Hallmark card.”可知， 作者在 Hallmark 贺卡那里得到真正的友谊和安慰。故选 项。 2B【解析】词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“This may

26、be one card that Hallmark cards can not compete with for it is a treasure more precious than gold.”可知，这张卡片对 作者来说是无比重要的。故选 B 项。 3A 【解析】 细节理解题。 根据倒数第二段中的“Words from once upon a time inspire us to appreciate the people in our lives who mean so much.(从前的话激励我们去感 激生命中那些意义非凡的人。) ”和文章第二段中的“They are the last

27、ing messages that speak the meanings of my life.(它们是永恒的信息，诉说着我生命的意义。)” 可知，因为卡片上的话让作者对生活充满了感激。故选 A 项。 4C【解析】标题归纳题。作者以珍贵的 Hallmark cards 为线索，追忆和朋友建立 在真诚感情基础上的友谊，他们常常从一张标志性卡片上的话语中找到安慰，再 结合最后一句话“Life is a Hal mark card when you care enough to send the very best.”可知， 生活就是一张标志性的卡片。故选 C。 (2)七选五 Ways to Bui

28、ld Strong Friendships Be loyal to a friend.Part of being a friend is being prepared to devote your time 19 and energy to helping out your friends.If a friend needs help with an unpleasant thing，or if he or she just needs a shoulder to cry on，be there for them.1_This is a good way to attract the kind

29、 of friends you want in your life. 2_When you say youll do something， do it.When your friend tells you a secret， keep it secret from others.Be someone that people know that they can rely on.If you show this quality to your friends，they will appreciate it and will be reliable in return. Beagoodlisten

30、er.Manypeoplethinktheyhavetoappearvery interesting.3_Listen carefully to what people say，remember important details about them， ask questions about their interests， and take the time to learn more about them. Stress your good qualities， Show others what makes you stand apart from the crowd.Talk abou

31、t your interests and hobbies.Everyone has interesting stories to telldont be afraid to share you，4_People love to be around someone who makes them laugh. Choose your friends wisely.As you make friends with more people， you may find that some are hard to get along with.Sometimes you may even realize

32、that certain friendships are unhealthy.5_Cherish those friends who are a positive influence in your life， and do your best to be a positive influence in theirs. A.Be a reliable friend. B.Keep your promise to your friend. C.Be respectful of their decisions and share yours with him. D.Besides，a little

33、 humor always keeps a conversation light and happy. E.In this case,walk your way out of the friendship as gracefully as possible. F.Being a loyal friend will attract other people to you who value this quality. G.Far more important than that，however，is the ability to show that youre interested in oth

34、ers. 1._2._3._ 4._5._ .七选五 20 语篇导读本文作者针对如何建立坚固的友谊这一问题给出了 一些建议。 1F【解析】Be loyal to a friend.”说明了对朋友要忠诚， 故选 F(成为一个忠实的 朋友将会吸引那些珍惜这种品质的人)。 2A 【解析】 根据“When you say youll do something，do it.When your friend tells you a secret， keep it secret from others. Be someone that people know that they can rely on.If

35、 you show this quality to your friends，they will appreciate it and will be reliable in return.”可知， 本段主要是讲要成为一个可信赖的朋友。故选 A。 3G【解析】根据“Listen carefully to what people say， remember important details about them， ask questions about their interests， and take the time to learn more about them.”可知，表明你对别人感兴趣的能力更重要。故选 G。 4D 【解析】 根据“People love to be around someone who makes them laugh.”可知，空 处应与 laugh 相关， 分析选项， D 项符合语境。故选 D。 5E 【 解 析 】 根 据 Some ties you may even realize that certain friendships are unhealthy.”可知， E 项(在这种情况下， 尽可能优雅地走出这段友谊)符合语境。 故选 E。