（2021新人教版）高中英语必修第一册单词积累Day7 +阅读理解练习（教师版）(含答案).docx

1、Day- 7 【Todays words】 某人痛苦 sb is in pain / (painful experience) 后悔的 regretful激动的 thrilled 无动于衷的 unmoved感动的 touched 【Todays phrase:】 go through 经历，经受，经（通）过考试仔细检查，全面考虑 做完工作提案被通过 用光（钱）go through with 完成 【口诀】他做完工作，经过仔细检查，交卷后考试通过了，所写提案也通过了，不过钱 也用完了。 【Todays sentence】Located /Situated in the west of . ，ou

2、r school covers an area of _ square kilometres，with a total of . 【Todays tricks：逻辑关系】 并列：also. one.，another.。Some., other.。Either. too. Besides.what is worse 例证、列举：such as ,for example,take for example, take sth, including, like, by doing 递进：even, in fact, let alone(更别说），not to mention(更别说）,much les

3、s(更别说,多在否定 句后） 【查漏补缺】 内容：数词的分类、数词的用法内容：数词的分类、数词的用法 考点考点 1：数词的分类：数词的分类 数词分为：基数词和序数词 （一）基数词（一）基数词 基数词用来表示数目，或者说表示数量的词叫基数词。最基本的基数词如下表： 1 one11 eleven100 a hundred 2 two12 twelve20 twenty1000 a thousand 3 three13 thirteen30 thirty1，000，000 a million 4 four14 fourteen40 forty10，000，000 ten million 5 five

4、15 fifteen50 fifty100，000，000 a hundred million 6 six16 sixteen60 sixty1，000，000，000 a billion 7 seven17 seventeen70 seventy 8 eight18 eighteen80 eighty 9 nine19 nineteen90 ninety 10 ten 11319 是由个位数加后缀-teen 构成。注意其中 13、15 的拼写是 thirteen 和 fifteen。 22090 由个位数加后缀-ty 构成，注意其中 2050 的拼写分别是 twenty, thirty, f

5、orty 和 fifty;80 的拼写是 eighty。 3其它非整十的两位数 2199 是由整十位数加连字符“-”，再加个位数构成。如： 81 eighty-one。 4 101999的基数词先写百位数， 后加and再写十位数和个位数。 如： 691 six hundred and ninety-one。 51000 以上的基数词先写千位数，后写百位数，再加 and，最后写十位数和个位数。 如：5893 five thousand eight hundred and ninety-three。在基数词中只有表示“百”、“千”的单位词，没 有单独表示“万”、“亿”的单位词，而是用 thousa

6、nd（千）和 million（百万）来表达，其换算关系为： 1 万=10 thousand;1 亿=100 million; 10 亿=a thousand million=a billion。 6多位数的读法： 1）1000 以上的多位数，要使用计数间隔或逗号“，”。即从个位起，每隔三位加一个间隔或逗号。 第一个间隔或逗号前是 thousand（千），第二个间隔或逗号前是 million（百万），第三个间隔或逗 号前是 a thousand million 或 a billion(十亿)。 2）每隔三位分段以后就都成了 101999。读的时候十位数（或个位数）的前面一般要加 and。如： 8

7、88，000，000 读作：eight hundred and eighty-eight million。 （二）序数词（二）序数词 表示顺序的词，叫序数词。序数词用来表示数词顺序。除特殊情况外，序数词一般都由相应的基数 词加后缀-th 构成。 第一到第十第十一到第十九第二十以上 firsteleventhtwentieth secondtwelfththirtieth thirdthirteenthfortieth fourthfourteenthfiftieth fifthfifteenthsixtieth sixthsixteenthseventieth seventhseventeen

8、theightieth eightheighteenthninetieth ninthnineteenthhundredth tenththousandth 1英语中表示第一、第二、第三的序数词属特殊形式，要注意它们的拼写。 2表示“几十”的序数词通常是将基数词词尾 y 变成 i 再加上后缀-eth。 3其余的二位数序数词是以相应的整十基数词加个位序数词。如：fifty-first（第五十一）。 4少数序数词拼法不规则，如：fifth（第五），eighth（第八），ninth（第九），twelfth（第十二） 等。 注意：1序数词可缩写为阿拉伯数字加序数词最后两个字母。 第一：(the) fi

9、rst=1st第二：(the) second=2nd 第三：(the) third=3rd第五：(the) fifth=5th 第九十七：(the) ninety-seventh=97th 第一百零一：(the) one hundred (and)first=101st 2编了号的事物要用基数词表示顺序，但是基数词要后置。 例如： 第一课：Lesson One第三十二页：Page 32 第 305 房间：Room 305第 12 路公共汽车：Bus No.12 考点考点 2：数词的用法：数词的用法 知识点： 一、一、基数词的用法：基数词的用法： 1. 基数词在句中的作用 基数词的作用相当于名词

10、和形容词，在句中可作定语、主语、宾语（介宾）、表语、同位语等。 例如：Three and five is eight. 3+5=8 （作表语） How many oranges do you want?你要多少桔子？ I want eight. 我要八个。 （作宾语） There are eight boats in the lake. 湖里有八条小船。（作定语） 2. Hundred, thousand, million, dozen, score 这些词前面如有表示具体数字的词，它们不能加 “s”,反之 则须加“s”, 并要与 of 短语连用。例如： three hundred peopl

11、e, five thousand years； thousands of people, hundreds of students, thousands of trees 二、二、序数词的用法序数词的用法： 序数词表顺序，主要作定语，其前面须加上定冠词 the，此外，也作主语、宾语、表语和定语等， 这时，被它所修饰的名词往往被省略。如：The first ( person ) to arrive is Kate. The first is bigger than the second. （作主语）第一个比第二个大。 Give me the first. （作宾语）把第一个给我。 Shes of

12、ten the first to go to school. （作表语）她经常第一个去上学。 Were going to learn the eighth lesson. （作定语）我们将要学习第八课。 数词的各种表达：数词的各种表达： （一一）分数表达法）分数表达法 先写基数词表示分子，后写序数词表示分母，如果分子大于 1 时，分母用复数。如：one-fourth, two-fifths, three-tenths （二二）小数表达法小数表达法 小数点前的整数按基数词的规则表示，小数点写作 point, 小数后的数字应按其数字直接表示出来。 如：18.38 可写成：eighteen poin

13、t three eight。 注意：小数在句中常作定语，尤其在比较方式状语从句中被使用。如：This stone is 3.5 times heavier than that one. （三三）百分数）百分数表达法表达法 （根据学生情况选择使用）（根据学生情况选择使用） 在数词后加 percent。例如： 15%读作：fifteen percent；60%读作：sixty percent （四四）表示语数）表示语数 （根据学生情况选择使用）（根据学生情况选择使用） 1）几倍大小（长短，数量）=几倍（或分数）+the size(length, amount)。 The earth is fort

14、y-nine times the size of the moon.地球是月球的 49 倍。 2）比几倍=倍数（或分数）+形容词（副词）比较级+than+被比部分。 His house is three times bigger than mine. 他的房子比我的房子大三倍。 3）是倍=倍数（或分数）+as +形容词+as +被比部分。 This factory is four times as big as that one. 这个工厂是那个工厂的四倍。 （五五）表示约数）表示约数 （根据学生情况选择使用）（根据学生情况选择使用） 1）“多于”用 more than 或 over。 The

15、 street is over(more than) 500 metres long. 这条街有 500 多米长。 2）“小于”用 less than。 Three are less than 30 people in the classroom. 教室里不到三十人。 3）“或以上”用 or more。 The building can hold 5000 people or more. 那座建筑物可容纳 5000 人或 5000 人以上。 4）“或以下”用 or less。 We can finish the work in two weeks or less. 我们可以在两周内或不到两周完

16、成这件工作。 5）“大约”用 about, around, nearly 等。 The box weighs about 50 pounds. 这箱子重约 50 镑。 6）“左右”用 or so. In the past ten years or so, they have changed a lot. 在过去的十年里，他们改变了许多。 （六六）年、月、日和时间的表达法）年、月、日和时间的表达法 1年份用基数词表达，分两位一读，年份前用介词 in。例如： 1999 nineteen ninety-nine2000 two thousand2001 two thousand and one 2月

17、份的第一个字母要大写，有些月份名称有缩写形式。例如： 一月 January(Jan.), 二月 February(Feb.), 三月 March(Mar.), 四月（Apr.）,五月 May, 六月 June, 七月 July, 八月 August(Aug.)，九月 September(Sep.), 十月 October(Oct.), 十一月 November(Nov.), 十二月 December(Dec.)。 3日期的表达要用序数词，读时前面要加定冠词 the,介词要使用 on。 在 6 月 1 日：on June 1st 读作：on June the first. 年、月、日同时表达时，

18、一般应先写月、日、后写年。如： 在 2001 年 5 月 4 日：on May 4 th, 2001。 4年代用基数词的复数表示。 20 世纪 90 年代：nineteen nineties；21 世纪 20 年代：twenty twenties 5时间表达法：时间可用顺读法或倒读法两种方式表达。例如： 5：00 five (oclock) 6：18 six eighteen 或 eighteen past six 12：15 twelve fifteen 或 fifteen (a quarter) past twelve 4：30 four thirty 或 half past four 6

19、：45 six forty-five a quarter to seven 注意：1）表示整点时间，直接用基数词表达，后边可接 oclock (也可不加)。表达“几点几分”时， 绝不能用 oclock。 2）表达“15 分”或“45 分”时，常用 quarter（刻）。 3）在倒读法中，如果钟点不过半，须用“分钟数+past+钟点数”的形式；如果钟点过半，则用“差多 少分钟数+to+全钟点（下个钟点数）”的形式。 两组与数词有关的介词短语：两组与数词有关的介词短语： in+定冠词 the+数词的复数形式，表示年代。如：in the 1870s 或 1870s in+物主代词+数词的复数形式，表

20、示某人的年龄。如：in ones thirties。有时在物主代词后面可 加上形容词 early 或 late 使其含义更确切些。如：The young man is at most in his early thirties. 注意：带有数词的名词作定语的表达：a seven-year-old boy，a hundred-metre race 【练习】 1.And Internet users can find two _(七) of the photos looked hand-drawn on social media sites,such as Facebook and Twitter

21、. 2.She was once the_ (第十五) captain of the Chinese national womens volleyball team. 3.Over_ (五十) students all over the country and ten English teachers from home and abroad took part in the activity. 4. Christmas is celebrated in the_(十二)month in a year. 5.By 2013, the bank had over two_（百）members.

22、6.So far, 1 have lived in Shanghai for_(七) months. 7.Much to their surprise, on the _ (第五)day, they found some broken plane pieces. 8.Why do you send me75_ ( 百) of black umbrellas? 9.Now I am experiencing my_ (十二) job. 【答案】1.sevenths2.fifteenth3. fifty4. twelfth5. hundred6. seven7. fifth8.hundreds9.

23、 twelfth 【Exercises 阅读理解】 A One Sunday, Nicholas, a teenager, went skiing at Sugarloaf Mountain in Maine. In the early afternoon, when he was planning to go home, a fierce snow storm swept into the area. Unable to see far, he accidentally turned off the path. Before he knew it, Nicholas was lost, al

24、l alone! He didnt have food, water, a phone, or other supplies. He was getting colder by the minute. Nicholas had no idea where he was. He tried not to panic. He thought about all the survival shows he had watched on TV. It was time to put the tips he had learned to use. He decided to stop skiing. T

25、here was a better chance of someone finding him if he stayed out. The first thing he did was to find shelter from the freezing wind and snow. If he didnt, his body temperature would get very low, which could quickly kill him. Using his skis, Nicholas built a snow cave. He gathered a huge mass of sno

26、w and dug out a hole in the middle. Then he piled branches on top of himself , like a blanket, to stay as warm as he could. By that evening, Nicholas was really hungry. He ate snow and drank water from a nearby stream so that his body wouldnt lose too much water. Not knowing how much longer he could

27、 last, Nicholas did the only thing he could -he huddled(蜷缩) in his cave and slept. The next day, Nicholas went out to look for help, but he couldnt find anyone. He followed his tracks and returned to the snow cave, because without shelter, he could die that night. On Tuesday, Nicholas went out to fi

28、nd help. He had walked for about a mile when a volunteer searcher found him. After two days stuck in the snow, Nicholas was saved. Nicholas might not have survived this snowstorm had it not been for TV. He had often watched Grylls survival show. Man vs. Wild. Thats where he learned the tips that sav

29、ed his life. In each episode(一期节目)of Man vS. Wild, Grylls is abandoned in a wild area and has to find his way out. When Grylls heard about Nicholas amazing deeds, he was super impressed that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyone how hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive. Thats how

30、I started studying English last summerIt is difficult, but I have had great rewardsMy daughter had written a story for schoolIt was about the female they most admired and whyShe wrote that I was the person she most admired because I had started going to collegeI will never forget this 1.What happene

31、d to Nicholas one Sunday afternoon? A. He got lost.B. He broke his skis. He hurt his eyesD. He caught a cold 2. How did Nicholas keep himself warm? A. H found a shelter.B. H lighted some branches. C. He kept on skiing.D. He built a snow cave. 3 On Tuesday, Nicholas _. A. returned to his shelter safe

32、ly. was saved by a searcher C. got stuck in the snowD. starved where he was 【答案答案】ADB 【分析分析】 这是这是一一篇记叙文。本文讲的是一一个小男孩在篇记叙文。本文讲的是一一个小男孩在 暴风雪中迷路暴风雪中迷路,他不畏艰难他不畏艰难,利用在电视中利用在电视中 学到的野外生存知识脱离困境的故事。学到的野外生存知识脱离困境的故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据第细节理解题。根据第- -段后半部分段后半部分 Before he knew it , Nicholas was lost , all alone!可知周末下可知周末

33、下午午 Nicholas 迷路了迷路了,因此答案选因此答案选 A。 2.细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句Nicholas built a snow cave以及下文以及下文to stay as warm as he could可知可知 Nicholas 保持温暖的方式是建了一一个雪洞保持温暖的方式是建了一一个雪洞,因此选因此选 D。 3.细节理解题细节理解题。 根据文章第四段最后一句根据文章第四段最后一句On Tuesday , Nicholas went out again to find help . He had walked for about a mi

34、le when a volunteer searcher found him . After two days stuck in the snow , Nicholas was saved.可知在星期二的时可知在星期二的时 Nicholas 是被一名志愿搜救者救了是被一名志愿搜救者救了 .因此答案选因此答案选 B。 【今日作业今日作业】 If we are observant(善于观察的), we can find that most of the flowers in nature are red, orange and yellow. If we have seen a black flo

35、wer, it is a chance in a million. People have made census (统计) to colors of more than four thousand kinds of flowers and discovered that only eight of them are black. Why are black flowers so rare? As we know, sunlight is formed by seven different kinds of colored light. The wave length of each ligh

36、t changes, so the quantity of heat in each light changes, too. Flowers, especially their petals (花瓣) , are very weak and easy to the harm caused by high temperature. Black flowers can take in all the light waves, which cause the flowers to dry up in a high temperature. So the black flowers can hardl

37、y continue their lives. While red flowers, orange flowers and yellow ones can protect themselves from sunlight by reflecting (反射 ) the red light, orange light and yellow light, each of which has a large quantity of heat. That is why red, orange and yellow flowers are very common in nature while blac

38、k flowers are so unusual.Dintroduce some pet sitters 1.It is a chance in a million means_ A. something commonB. something lucky C. something extremely rareD. something impossible 2. Sunlight is formed by _. A. many different kinds of colored light B. three different kinds of colored light- -red, ora

39、nge and yellow C. seven different kinds of colored light D. four thousand kinds of colored light 3. Black flowers are so rare because A. they are so weak that its difficult for them to grow up B. there are actually no black flowers in the world C. the petals of black flowers are very delicate (易碎的）

40、D. they can take in the light of all wave length which make the flowers dry up because of high temperature. 4. Which of the following statements is NOT true? A. Red, orange and yellow flowers can absorb the light of all wave lengths. B. People have found that only a few kinds of flowers are black. c

41、. Most of the flowers are resistant (有抵抗力的) to high temperature owing to their bright colors. D. The black flowers cannot protect themselves from sunlight. 【答案】 分析这篇短文介绍为什么红色、橙色和黄色的花朵在自然界中很常见,而黑色的花朵则是如此的不 同寻常,文章解释了其原因。 小题 1词义猜测题。根据第一-段中的和Why are black flowers so rare?可知,推知此处 If we have seen a black

42、flower, it is a chance in a million.“表示如果见到一朵黑色的花,是很罕见的意思。故选 C。 小题 2细节理解题。根据第二段中的As we know, sunlight is formed by seven different kinds of colored light.可知,众所周知,阳光是由七种不同的颜色的光组成。故选 C。 小题 3细节理解题。根据第二段中的Black flowers can take in all the light waves, which cause the flowers to dry up in a high temperat

43、ure.So the black flowers can hardly continue their lives.可知，它们可以吸 收所有波长的光，使花朵因高温而干燥,因此黑色的花很难存活。故选 D。 小题 4细节理解题。根据文中第二段中的red flowers, orange flowers and yellow ones can protect themselves from sunlight by reflecting (反射) the red light, orange light and yellow light可知,红、 橙和黄色的 花能通过红光、橙光和黄光的反射保护他们不受太阳光

44、的伤害,所以选项 A 不正确。故选 A. 2.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错 误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加:在缺词处加一一个漏字符号() ，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除:把多余的词用斜线() 划掉。 修改:在错的词下划- -横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限- -词; 2.只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起) 不计分。 This summer holiday, I go to a seaside city with my family. W

45、e got there by air. It is a very beautiful and modern city, where impressed us a lot. On the first day, we took a bus to a place calling the Sea Park. There were such many different kinds of fishes that I couldnt believe in my eyes. On the second day, we went swimming, and we all enjoyed ourselves.

46、During the next two days, we went to some tourist spot, shopping and taking photos. Several days late, we left the city. Although we were tiring on our way home, we felt happily about the holiday. What unforgettable experience! 【分析】这是- -篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和家人暑假去一个海滨城市度假的故事。 【详解】 1.考查- 般过去时。句意:这个暑假,我和我的家人去了

47、-一个海滨城市度假。全文用的都是一般 过去时,所以这句话也应使用一般过去时。故将 go 改为 went. 2.考查非限制性定语从句。句意:这是一一个非常美丽又现代的城市,给我们留下了深刻的印象。这是一个 非限制性定语从句,从句缺少主语，且先行词应该为前边整句话,所以关系词应用 which.故将 where 改为 which. 3.考查过去分词作定语。句意:第-天,我们乘公共汽车去了一一个叫海洋公园的地方。根据句意,这里的 a place 被叫作Sea Park ,因此应该使用过去分词作作定语。故将 calling 改为 called. 4.考查副词。句意:这儿有如此多不同种类的鱼以至于我不能相

48、信自己的眼睛。在.that 和 such.that 句型 中 ，名词前有 many, much, few, little 修饰时只能用 so.that ,不能用 such .that.故将 such 改为 so。 5.考查实义动词。 句意同上。 believe in sb.表示相信某人的品行或能力。 believe sb.表示相信某人说的话。 cant believe ones eyes / ears 相当于 cant believe what one sees / hears，表示不相信自己所看到的或所听到 的。故将 believe 后的 in 去掉。 6.考查名词的数。句意:接下来的两天内

49、,我们去了一些旅游景点，购物,拍照片。spot 是可数名词,其前面 有 some 修饰,故应用 spot 的复数形式。故将 spot 改为 spots。 7.考查副词。句意:几天后,我们离开了那座城市。late 表示 迟的;晚的 ; later 常与-一个表示具体时间的名 词连用,指从过去 或将来某一时间算起.后“ “过.根据句意,故将 late 改为 later. 8.考查形容词。句意:尽管回家的路上,我们很累,但是我们为这次旅游感到很开心。tiring 令 人感到疲倦; tired 某人感到疲倦.表示”在回家的路上,我们很累。，故将 tiring 改为 tired. 9.考查形容词作表语。句意同上。本句中的 feel 是系动词,表示”感到 ,其后应用形容词,形成系表结构。 故将 happily 改为 happy. 10.考查不定冠词。句意:多么难忘的经历。分析句子结构可知,这是一一个感叹句。experience 是作 经历 讲时,是可数名词,所 以这里应加上定冠词, unforgettable 是元音音素开头,故要用 an。故在 unforgettable 前加 an。