（2021新人教版）高中英语必修第一册Welcome unit语法八大句型和句子成分 ppt课件.pptx

1、必修一语法必修一语法 UW 八大基本句型八大基本句型 Mr. Zhang is math teacher. 1.主系表主系表 He is smiling. 2.主谓主谓 He asked a question. Would you like to go hiking with me? 3.主谓宾主谓宾 Can you give me another chance? 4.主谓宾宾主谓宾宾 谓语谓语V:句子的核心，说明或描述主语的动作、 状态或特征。 主语主语Subject:谓语动作的发出者，表示句子所要 说明或描述的人或事物。 宾语宾语Object:动作的承受者。 Let me take a p

2、icture for you 5.主谓宾宾补主谓宾宾补 补足语补足语Complement:用来说明宾语或主语的动作、性质、状态。 表语表语Predicative:表示主语的身份、性质、状态或特征。 They sat on the stone 6.主谓主谓+状语状语 He hold the camera in front of him . He pushed his parents-in-law down the hill. 7.主谓宾主谓宾+状语状语 但是有少数几个动词用在SV和SVO结构中, 其后必须带有状语,否则意义不明 “蓝蓝的天空银河里/有只小白船/船上有棵桂花树/白兔在游玩/ 浆儿浆

3、儿看不见/船上也没帆/飘呀飘呀/飘向西天” In the blue sky, there is a small white boat in the Milky way. There be 现存句 存在句( Existential sentence)是一种表示存在的特殊句型.它的主要交际功能是传 递新信息,引出新话题.这种句型之所以要用 there作形式主语而把实义主语置于 动词之后正是为了让这种实义主语成为信息中心,以达到引出新话题之目的. 定语定语:对名词或代词进行修饰、限制或说明 状语状语:用于修饰动词、形容词、副词、短语或整个句子等 Mr Zhang, an bald math teac

4、her, is singing a song. 同位语同位语:若两个语法单位指同一个人或事物,并且句法功能也 一样,那么,后一项称为前一项的同位语。 There is a cherry tree in my garden There are roses in the flower beds There s no one in the house 存在句的实义主语一般都是非确定特指,故基本句型凡带有非确定特指的 名词词组者,一般都可用 there-存在句予以转换. No one was waiting. There was no one waiting Something must be wro

5、ng. There must be something wrong Something is causing her distress. Theres something causing her distress Two men are asking the police some questions. There are two men asking the police some questions. There appears to be no doubt about it There lies a river behind the house . If ever again there

6、 happens an accident like that ,we ll have only ourselves to blame 除be外,某些表示存在概念的不及物动词如exist, remain, happen, come, stand, lie, live等,也能用于 there-存在句。 .按照要求,找出下列句子中的成分 1.The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.(主语) 2.There will be a meeting in the library this afternoon. (谓

7、语) 3.The picture is on the wall. (表语) 4.I hope to see you again. (宾语) 5.He gave me a book yesterday. (直接宾语和间接宾语) 6.My brother hasnt done his homework. (谓语) 7.I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.(宾补) 8.The boys playing football are in Class 2.(定语) 9.The meeting will be held in the meeting room. (状语) 10.The

8、re is a pen and two books on the desk. (主语) Read the passage and analyse the structures of the underlined sentences How would you like to go to school and travel the world at the same time? For Tim, that dream has come true! This term, Tim and his classmates are living on a ship! They take the same

9、subjects as you do, like maths and English. They also learn about ships and the sea. Tim writes his parents an email every week and tells them what happened on the ship, Tim loves living on the ship. Theres always something exciting to do. And, after a long day of study, he likes to watch the sun go down and wait for the stars to come out. Studying and doing homework seem much more fun when you are at sea.