（2019新教材）人教版高中英语必修第二册- Unit 4 语法与写作学案（含答案）.zip

1、1 人教版高中英人教版高中英语语（ （2019）必修二）必修二 Unit 4 语语法与写作法与写作 知知识识点一：点一： 过过去分去分词词作定作定语补语语补语 判断划判断划线线部分所作的句子成分并翻部分所作的句子成分并翻译译。 。 1. Most people just use the shortened name: the United Kingdom or the UK. 2.They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence. 3.

2、 They had castles built all around England, and made changes to the legal system. 4. Chinese archaeologists have found six new sacrificial pits and unearthed more than 500 items dating back to about 3,000 years at the Sanxingdui Ruins in southwest Chinas Sichuan Province. 一、过去分词作定语过去分词作定语 （一）定语的概念（一

3、）定语的概念 定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。 汉语中常用“的的”表 示，定语的位置一般有两种：前置前置定语和后置后置定语。 （二）过去分词作定语的位置。（二）过去分词作定语的位置。 1. Polluted air and water are harmful to peoples health. 2. We needed much more qualified workers to do this job. 3. They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack 4. Come

4、 and read the poem written by an eight-year-old boy! 【我的领悟我的领悟】 单个的过去分词作定语，常常放于被修饰名词的_，如例句 1、2；过去分词短 语作定语，常常放于被修饰名词的_，如例句 3、4。 （三）过去分词作后置定语（三）过去分词作后置定语 1. The meeting held yesterday is of great importance. The meeting which was held yesterday is of great importance. 昨天举行的会议非常重要。 2. The girl dressed

5、in white is my sister. =The girl who is dressed in white is my sister. 2 穿白色衣服的女孩是我的妹妹。 【我的领悟我的领悟】 过去分词短语作定语时往往后置，它的作用相当于一个_。 【即学即练即学即练】句型转换。 1. The yoga club opened last month is popular among women teachers. The yoga club _ last month is popular among women teachers. 2. The island which is joined

6、to the mainland by a bridge is easy to go to. The island _ to the mainland by a bridge is easy to go to. （四）过去分词作定语的意义（四）过去分词作定语的意义 1. Polluted air and water are harmful to peoples health. 被污染的空气和水对人的健康有害。 2. He is a teacher loved by his students. 他是一位深受学生爱戴的老师。 【我的领悟我的领悟】 及物动词的过去分词作定语，在语态上表示_；在时间上，

7、常表示动作已经 _。 3. The risen sun is shining brightly in the morning. 早上已升起的太阳正明亮地照耀着。 4. There are many fallen leaves on the ground. 地面上有很多落叶。 【我的领悟我的领悟】 不及物动词的过去分词作定语，它不表示被动意义，只强调动作_。 【归纳归纳】过去分词作定语用法：表过去分词作定语用法：表_ 或或_. 【即学即练即学即练】选择填空 过去分词作定语有三种情况，请判断下列句子中加黑部分属于哪种情况。 A只表示被动 B只表示完成 C既表示被动又表示完成 1. America

8、is a developed country. _ 2. I found it hard to understand the English spoken by the native villagers. _ 3. Is there anything planned for the weekend？ _ 3 （五）过去分词与现在分词作定语的区别（五）过去分词与现在分词作定语的区别 1. The building built last year is our teaching building.（被动） 2. America is a developed country. （完成） 3. The

9、 man standing there is our teacher. (主动) 4. As we all know, China is a developing country.（进行） 形式语态时态 过去分词 现在分词 （六）解题技巧点拨（六）解题技巧点拨 1. 找被修饰词；找被修饰词； 2. 判断所给动词与被修饰词的关系（主动判断所给动词与被修饰词的关系（主动/被动）被动） 3. 确定答案确定答案 【即学即练即学即练 1】单句语法填空 1. Mr. Browns room, _ (fill) with all kinds of books, looks like a small libr

10、ary. 2. You must make every effort to improve your _ (speak) English. 3. Many (use) computers will be sold in this market. 4. Today, there are many people _(visit) the park every day. 【即学即练即学即练 2】单项选择题 1. In some languages, 100 words make up half of all words_ in daily conversations. Ausing Bto use

11、Chaving used Dused 2. You cannot accept an opinion _to you unless it is based on facts. AofferingBto offer Chaving offeredDoffered 3. Ask that man _ over there to leave at once. A. standing B. to stand C. stood D. stands 二、过去分词作宾补二、过去分词作宾补 4 (一一)宾补：宾语补足语，宾补：宾语补足语，用来补充说明宾语的意义、状态等，简称宾补。宾补。 （二）过去分词作宾补用

12、法（二）过去分词作宾补用法 1. He passed away，leaving his works unfinished. 他去世了，留下他的著作还未完成。 2. He wants to have/get his eyes examined tomorrow. 他明天想去检查眼睛。 3. They managed to make themselves understood by using very simple English. 他们用很浅易的英语来设法使自己被理解。 4. When we saw the road blocked with snow, we decided to spend

13、 the holiday at home. 当我们看到道路被雪封住后，我们决定在家过假期。 5. The next morning people found the world outside their houses completely changed. 第二天早上，人们发现他们房子外面的世界全变样了。 6. The manager ordered the work finished at the end of this week. 经理要求在本周末完成这项工作。 7. With every problem settled, he began to think of a journey.

14、每一个问题解决后，他开始考虑旅行。 【归纳归纳】 1过去分词用在表状态的动词 keep, leave 等词的后面作宾语补足语。 2过去分词用在使役动词 have/get 和 make 的后面作宾语补足语。 (1)“have/get_”表示“让别人做某事”。 (2)“make_” 表示“让自己被”。 3过去分词用在_动词：see, hear, notice, observe, watch, feel, find 等后作宾语补足语。 4表示“意愿，命令意愿，命令”的动词，如 like, want, wish, expect, order 等可用过去分词作宾语补足 语。 5过去分词用在“_ 宾语宾补

15、”这一结构中。 过去分词作宾补与宾语之间的关系是过去分词作宾补与宾语之间的关系是_关系。关系。 【即学即练即学即练】单句语法填空 1When he woke up, he found himself _ (surround) by a group of children. 2If you want to make yourself _(respect), you are above all to respect yourself. 5 3Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car _ (wash). 4. Wit

16、h his work _ (finish), he gladly accepted an invitation to a dinner. 课课堂巩固堂巩固 Fill in the blanks with the correct form: 1. The film_ (intend) for children was very interesting. 2. One day when Laennec was walking in the park，he saw some girls _(play)with a seesaw(跷跷板) 3. From then on，his fear of tal

17、king before a big audience disappeared. Actually Jack had his confidence _(build) up. Now he turns out to be a good speaker. 4. You can imagine how terribly shy I was the moment I thought of that with so many eyes_ (fix) upon me. 5. One day，he lost a small bag _(contain)50 gold coins. 6. A US TV sho

18、w_(call) A Walk in Your Shoes gives people the chance to try. 7. There are still many problems_(solve) before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon. Forest fires are often caused by_(break)glass or by cigarette ends which people carelessly throw away. 8. Listening to music at home is one thing，go

19、ing to hear it _(perform)live is quite another. 9. Our teacher walked into the room quietly in order not to make himself _(notice). 10. Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her collegues _(amuse) with her stories. 11. _(situate) in the city of Guanghan, southwest Chinas Sichuan Province

20、, the Sanxingdui Ruins site is considered one of the most significant ancient remains_ (find) in the 20th century. 12. What _(astonish) the archaeologists most about this gold mask is its large size: 23 6 centimeters wide and 28 centimeters high. Although only about half of the gold mask was _(excav

21、ate), its so far the largest of its kind found in the primary stage of the Chinese civilization, _(weigh) 280 grams. 13.Similar gold masks, though severely _(damage), were also unearthed from the No. 2 sacrificial pit. 14.Chinese archaeologists for the first time are using 3D scanning and printing t

22、echnology to make well-fitting casings for relics_ (unearth) from the 5,000-year old Sanxingdui Ruins in southwest Chinas Sichuan Province on March 20. Thirty-five years later, Chinese archaeologists_ (undertake) a second excavation have uncovered six more sacrificial pits at Sanxingdui, in addition

23、 to the original two. Lei Yu also shares his personal story, _(explain) how new archaeological techniques are being employed, and offers his views on the current craze for archaeology in China. 知知识识点二：写作点二：写作 Describe an interesting, exciting, or surprising place. 本单元的写作项目是旅游景点的描写，属于介绍类说明文，写好这类文章，要注

24、意下列问 题。 1.不宜过多介绍景点。我们可以介绍一下景点的历史、特色以及它在当地的地位。 2.这种文章是客观的介绍。通常介绍其地理位置、面积、气候、自然资源和居民等，可以 根据题目要求加上自己的评论。 3.组织这类文章的结构，要注意安排好说明顺序，描述要详略得当，重点突出，使文章错 落有致。 4.描述地点时需要我们准确掌握表示方位的词或短语。 5. 此类文章的时态主要以一般现在时态为主。 Step 1: Work in pairs. Choose one of your favorite places and tell a partner why you think it is intere

25、sting, exciting, or surprising. Step 2: Use the questions below to describe the place you have chosen. 1.What can you see? 7 2.How does the place feel? 3.What can you taste there? 4.What can you hear? 5.How does the place feel? 6.What does the place make you think or feel? Sample writing In my villa

26、ge, every day starts with a fire! The houses turn red as the sun rises above the mountains. Seeing the flames, the roosters sound the alarm. They wake everyone in the village with their loud cries, chasing the children to school and rushing the adults to work. In the evening, a gold haze settles ove

27、r everything. This is my favourite time of the day, when all work for the day has, been completed. When the smell of hot oil and fragrant spices float through the air, I know that it will soon be time for dinner. My neighbours begin to call to their children to come home. The birds begin their night

28、ly quarrel over their favourite places to rest. At night, the stars come out to tell us that all is well and my village grows quiet. For now well sleep, and tomorrow the sun will set us on fire again for a new day! 积积“黄金黄金”词句，写高分文章词句，写高分文章 8 一、常用的开头语 1It is located/lies in ., with an area of . 2It c

29、overs an area of ., with a history of . 3., located in . and covering an area of ., is one of Chinas most famous scenic spots. 4The history of . dates back to . 5It has become the most popular tourist attraction since . 二、主体部分常用表达 1There are many places of interest, such as . 2You can enjoy ., which

30、 has a high reputation both at home and abroad. 3With ., . is/are attracting more and more tourists. 4An interesting feature of . is . 5With its pleasant climate, rich natural resources and beautiful scenery, . is one of Chinas major tourist cities. 6A trip along . will enable you to get to know . 三

31、、常用的结束语 1. is well worth visiting. 2. is a place you have to visit and the extraordinary view will make you unwilling to leave. 即时练即时练靓句带你飞靓句带你飞 完成句子完成句子 1这里风景优美、空气新鲜，吸引着一些来自世界各地的游客。 The scenery is beautiful and the air is fresh, 9 _. 2一到达山顶，我们就深深地被这里的美丽风景所吸引了。 _ the hill, we _ _ the beautiful scene

32、ry. 3众所周知，华山以它险峻的悬崖和独一无二的特征而出名。 _, Mount Hua _ its breathtaking cliffs and its unique characteristics. 4坐落在山顶的寺庙见证了这个地区的许多变化。 _, the temple _ _ in this area. 5泰山位于山东省境内，占地约 426 平方千米， 是中国五岳之首。 Mount Tai, _ Shandong Province and _ 426 square kilometres, is the first of Chinas Five Mountains. 课课堂巩固堂巩固

33、（1）假定你是李华，你有一位英国网友，名叫 Tom，他听说了中国的故宫，但对其知道 的不多，于是给你发来一封电子邮件，请你给他介绍有关故宫的一些情况。请根据下面提 供的一些要点给他回一封电子邮件： 1故宫(the Palace Museum)又叫紫禁城(the Forbidden City)。 2它于 1406 年开始建造，于 1420 年建成。 3相传它有殿宇宫室 9,999 间。在传统上，中国人认为 9 是一个吉利的数字。 4故宫存放着有上千年历史的珍宝(precious treasures)。请他亲自来看一看。 注意： 1词数 80 左右： 2开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear

34、Tom， It is nice to receive your e-mail. Now Id like to tell you something about the Palace Museum. _ _ _ 10 _ _ _ _ _ Yours， Li Hua （2）假设你是李华，你的新西兰笔友 Nick 将于 10 月来四川旅游，特来信询问有关旅游 景点的情况。请根据下表所提供的要点，写一封回信，并表示盼望他的到来。 旅游资源 许多世界著名的风景名胜，如九寨沟(湖水清澈见底；色彩斑斓)和都江堰水利 工程(2,000 多年的历史； 仍在发挥作用) 相关信息气候适宜；交通便利 注意：1.词数

35、100 左右； 2信的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数； 3可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：都江堰水利工程 Dujiangyan Irrigation Project Dear Nick， Im glad to hear that youre coming to Sichuan in October. Yours sincerely， Li Hua Li Hua 课课后作后作业业 11 一一阅读理解阅读理解。 。 A nickname is a shortened form of a persons name. A nickname can also be a descripti

36、ve name for a person, place or thing. Many American cities have nicknames. These can help establish an identity, spread pride among citizens and build unity. Nicknames can also be funny. Los Angeles, California is the second largest city in population, after New York City. Los Angeles has several ni

37、cknames. One is simply the citys initials, L.A. It is also called the City of Angels because Los Angeles means “the angels” in Spanish. Los Angeles often has warm, sunny weather. So another nickname is City of Flowers and Sunshine. New York is called the Big Apple. So Los Angeles is sometimes called

38、 the Big Orange because of the fruit that grows in that citys warm climate. The American cartoon and television industries are based in Los Angeles. So it is not surprising that it is called the Entertainment Capital of the World. Many films are made in the area of Los Angeles called Hollywood. Mill

39、ions of people visit the area. No trip to Los Angeles is complete without seeing the word “Hollywood” spelled out in huge letters on a hillside. Many movie stars live in Los Angeles. The city is sometimes called Tinseltown. This nickname comes from the shiny, bright and often unreal nature of Hollyw

40、ood and the movie industry. Another nickname for Los Angeles is La-La Land, using the first letters of Los and Angeles. This means a place that is fun and not serious, and maybe even out of touch with reality. A good place for watching unusual-looking people is Venice, an area on the west side of Lo

41、s Angeles. A system of waterways designed after the Italian city of Venice has been built there. Many people love Los Angeles for its warm sunny weather, beautiful mountains and beaches, and movie stars. That includes Randy Newman, who sings about his hometown. 1. Which of the following is not the f

42、unction of a nickname of a place? A. Building up identity.B. Entertainment. C. Bringing pride to the locals.D. Uniting surrounding cities. 2. What does the underlined sentence suggest in Paragraph 4? A. Tourists should pay a visit to the big letters “Hollywood” on a hillside. B. The word “Hollywood”

43、 is so large that tourists cant miss it. C. The big letters “Hollywood” on a hillside is your first destination. D. Tourists are proud of seeing the big word “Hollywood”. 3. How many nicknames have been given to Los Angeles? 12 A. 4.B. 5.C. 6.D. 7. 4. What can we infer from the text? A. Los Angeles

44、is most famous for its nicknames. B. Hollywood alone adds fame to Los Angeles. C. All the nicknames make Los Angeles more attractive. D. Los Angeles was built after the Italian city of Venice. 2七七选选五。五。 根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。 Perhaps you have heard the expression “When in Rome, d

45、o as the Romans do”. So when you want to do business in France, you have to get to know French culture, make marketing plans, and run your business by local laws. _1_ The French take great pride in their language, so anyone who does not speak it may run the risk of being disrespected by his French c

46、olleagues or business partners. Also, another reason why learning French is important is that it is a great way to show every possible French business partner that you care and respect their countrys culture and language. The first thing that you should do when meeting someone new is to shake his ha

47、nd firmly and always look at the person in the eye. In social meetings with friends, kissing is common. Use first names only after being invited to. _2_ The French will sometimes introduce themselves using their surname first, followed by their first name. Dress well. _3_ Your business clothing is a

48、 reflection of your success and social status. Always try to be tasteful and stylish. Women are advised to dress simply but elegantly. Wearing make-up is practiced widely by businesswomen. The French are passionate about food, so lunches are common in doing business in France, which usually consist

49、of an appetizer（开胃菜）, main meal with wine, cheese, dessert and coffee, and normally take up to two hours. _4_ Do not begin eating until the host says “bon appetite”. Pass dishes to the left, keep wrists above the table and try to eat everything on the plate. _5_ This may suggest that you find the fo

50、od tasteless. If eating in a restaurant, the person who invites always pays. A. Remember to be as polite as possible. B. This is a time for relationship building. 13 C. Use Monsieur or Madame before the surname. D. Be careful with adding salt, pepper or sauces to your food. E. Make an appointment wi