Unit 5 Words and expressions 重点单词讲解ppt课件-（2019）新人教版高中英语选择性必修第一册.pptx

1、 UNIT 5 Work the Land 耕种土地耕种土地 Words and Expressions 1. devote: vt. to give time/money/energy to 把把献献(给给); 把把专专 用于用于; 专心于专心于 devotion: n. 奉献奉献; 忠诚忠诚; 专心专心 devote.to.: 把把用于用于; 献身献身; 致致力力; 专心专心 be devoted to: 致致力于力于; 专心于专心于; 被用在什么上被用在什么上 1)She decided to devote the rest of her life to the scientific r

2、esearch. 2)They have devoted themselves to fighting poverty(贫困贫困). 3)Indeed, his slim but strong body is just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to whom he has devoted his life. 2. tackle: vt. to solve or settle, deal with解决解决(难题难题); 应应付付(局面局面); 处理处理 1)In the last forty years the Chinese gove

3、rnment has made great contributions to tackling poverty in China. 2)There are four different ways to tackle the problem. 3)However, what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat. To tackle this crisis, he chose to study agri

4、culture and received an education at Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing. 3. convince: vt. to make sb. believe or persuade 使相信使相信; 使确信使确信; 说服说服 convinced: adj. 坚信的坚信的; 深信的深信的; 确信的确信的 convincing: adj. 令人信服的令人信服的; 有说服力的有说服力的 convince sb. of: 相信相信 convince sb to do.: 说服某人做什么说服某人做什么 1)I will try

5、 to convince him to see a doctor. 2)Youll need to convince them of your enthusiasm for the job. 3)She sounded very convincing to me (= I believed what she said) . 4)Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice. 4. attain: vt. to obtain, get or gain (通常经过努力通常经过努力)获

6、得获得; 得得到到; 达达到到(某年某年龄龄/水平水平/状状况况) 1)Our economy has attained a very high rate of growth in spite of the pandemic. 2)He will attain 105 next month. The great family is now preparing a big party in their village. 3) A hybrid is a cross between two or more varieties of a species. One characteristic of

7、hybrid is that they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops. 5. assume: v. 假设假设; 获得获得; 承承担担 assumption: n. 假定假定; 设定设定; (责任的责任的)承担承担;(权利的权利的)获得获得 1)It is reasonable to assume (that) the economy will continue to improve. 2)It is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work. 3

8、)Dont always assume the worst. 4)We are working out a schedule on the assumption that everyone invited will turn up. 5)The common assumption then was that it could not be done. 6. overcome(overcame - overcome): vt. to succeed in doing sth. or to defeat 克服克服; 解决解决; 战胜战胜 1)The two parties managed to o

9、vercome their differences on the issue. 2)In games of table-tennis China easily overcome its opponents. 3)Through intense effort, Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming in 1974. 7. estimate: vt./n. to evaluate or assess 估计估计; 估价估

10、价; 估算估算 1)It is hard to estimate how many children will take part in the activity. 2)It is estimated the project will last five years. 3)Its very difficult to give a reliable estimate. 4)Today, it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generate

11、d from Yuans hybrid strains, and his strains have allowed Chinas farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year. 据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交来自袁隆平的杂交 水稻相关的作物，这些作物让中国农民每年能够生产大约两亿吨水稻相关的作物，这些作物让中国农民每年能够生产大约两亿吨 稻米。稻米。 8. consume: v. to use or eat, drink or destroy 消耗消耗; 吃

12、吃; 饮饮; 喝喝; 烧毁烧毁 consumer: n. 消费者，顾客消费者，顾客 (CPI: consumer price index) consumption: n. 消耗消耗; 消耗量消耗量; 消费消费 1)The electricity industry consumes large amounts of fossil fuels. 2)The hotel was quickly consumed by fire. 3)Gas and oil consumption always increases in winter. 4)Today, it is estimated that ab

13、out 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuans hybrid strains, and his strains have allowed Chinas farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year. 据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交来自袁隆平的杂交 水稻相关的作物，这些作物让中国农民每年能够生产大约两亿吨水稻相关的作物

14、，这些作物让中国农民每年能够生产大约两亿吨 稻米。稻米。 9. deep down: 在内心深处在内心深处; 本质上本质上; 实实际上际上 as a matter of fact = in fact/effect:实实际际/事实上事实上 1)I have so many friends, but deep down, I have a fear of loneliness. 2)Deep down, I think they are still afraid of you. 3)We know deep down that we will make it. 4)Deep down, Yuan

15、is still very much a farmer at heart. 10. extend: v. to make sth. larger or longer 伸伸长长; 扩大扩大; 扩展扩展; 延长延长 extension: n. 扩建部分扩建部分; 扩扩大大; 电话分机电话分机 1)The show has been extended for another six weeks. 2)They plan to extend their research in this field. 3)A true friend will always extend a helping hand t

16、o you when youre in the depths of despair. 4)He built an extension onto his house. 5)The shelter, which could protect up to 8,000 people from wartime bombs, is comprised of two large tunnels that were intended to one day become an extension of the London Underground. 11. essential: adj. extremely im

17、portant or crucial, vital完全必要的完全必要的; 极其重要的极其重要的 essence: n. 本质，精华，要素本质，精华，要素 1)Experience is essential for this job. 2)It is essential that you have some work experience. 3)As for chemical fertilisers, crops grown with them usually grow too fast to be rich in nutrition. They may look beautiful on th

18、e outside, but inside there is usually more water than essential minerals, and they often have less flavour as well. 12. alternative: n. option or choice 可供选择的事物可供选择的事物 adj. used instead of or being not traditional 可供替代的可供替代的; 非传统非传统 的的 alter: v. 改变改变 alternate: v. 交替交替(alternate A and/with B) 1)We

19、have no alternative but to fire David. 2)You can pay in cash or by check. Those are the two alternatives. 3) Our country focuses on developing alternative energy in order to reduce using fossil fuels. 4)Nothing can alter the fact that we are to blame. 5)Now you just alternate layers of bread and vegetable.