1、Unit 5 Learning about language Noun clauses asNoun clauses as the subjectthe subject Goals 1.Learn the use of subject clause and can use correctly in the context. 2.Master the use of conjunctions. 简简 单单 句句 的的 基基 本本 句句 型型 1.主语主语+系动词系动词+表语表语 2.主语主语+不及物动词不及物动词 3.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语 4.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+间接宾语间
2、接宾语 +直接宾语直接宾语 5.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语 +宾宾 语补足语语补足语 Summary .简单句简单句 1. Things changed. 2. Trees are green. 3. We dont beat children. 4. He gave his sister the piano. 5. I found the book easy. 主 + 谓 主 + 谓 + 表 主 + 谓 + 宾 主 + 谓 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补 I like English. The train left. 找出主语找出主语 1. A tree
3、has fallen across the road. 2. You are a student. 3. To find your way can be a problem. 4. Smoking is harmful to you. 5. What she said is not yet known. 6. That we shall be late is certain. 7. Its certain that we shall be late. Could you find out the Subject Clauses? What doesnt kill you makes you s
4、tronger! What doesnt kill you makes you a fighter! 在复合句中充当主语 作 用位 置 谓 语 或 系动 词 之 前 devote . to . move people to tears Yuan devoted all his life to developing hybrid rice moved all people around the world to tears. That That不做成分，没有意义， 不能省略。 the boy didnt know the answer made the teacher angry that .
5、make the teacher angry didnt know the answer That tackle the situation depend on his ability He can tackle the situation depends on his ability.ThatWhether retire to a life of leisure remain to be seen He can retire to a life of leisure remains to be seen.Whether boost yield unclear they will boost
6、yield is unclear.Whether 从属连词 例3. If the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet. 正： Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet. whether与if引导主语从句位于句中有时可换用。 但在下列情况下用whether不用if： (1) 主语从句位于句首时； (2) 从句后有or或紧跟or not时。 【巩固练习】 用whether或if填空。 (1) It doesnt matter _ he will come o
7、r not. (2) _ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. (3) It was doubtful _ Tom really saw Sharon. (4) _ Tom really saw Sharon was doubtful. whether / if Whether whether / if Whether attain success unknown He attained success is unknown.How 连接 副词 bomb will explode worry the man the bomb will
8、 explode worries the man.When 连接 副词 【练一练】 1. Exactly _ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565. 2. _ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather. 3. It remains a puzzle _ dinosaurs died out suddenly long time ago. 4._ we will go tomorrow h
9、asnt been decided yet. 5. _ the earth is becoming warm is a good topic for research. when When why When/ Where Why 连接副词连接副词 （作状语）（作状语） when, where, how, why the cat do made What the cat did made the baby cry. cry 连接 代词 convince him to change his mind arouse my curiosity would convince him to change
10、his mind aroused my curiostity.Who 连接 代词 digest what the teachers teach get higher scores can digest what the teachers teach is likely to get higher scores. Whoever 连接 代词 【练一练】 1. More than 100 students have entered for the competition, and _ gains the most points will be the winner. 2. _ bothers me
11、 is that I cant keep my mind on the task, but on personal gains or losses. 3. Some people believe _ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future. 4._ seems easy to some people seems difficult to others. whoever What whatever 连接代词连接代词 （作主语，宾（作主语，宾 语，表语）语，表语） What what, who
12、, whom, whose, which, wh+ever 【要点精讲】 1. what与that引导主语从句 观察下列例句，试着翻译例句并总结 其规律。 (1) What you lack is self-confidence. 译为：_你所缺乏的是自信。 (2) That more and more students are admitted into universities is true. 译为：_ _ (3) What is needed for the program is more wisdom. 译为：_ 这个项目所需要的是更多的智慧。 越来越多的学生将被大学录取 的消息是真
13、实的。 从上面例句可以看出，that引导主语从 句时，在句中具有“两不”原则： 一、不作句子成分； 二、没有实际意义。 当它引导的主语从句置于句首时，that 不能省略；如果用it作形式主语，而把 主语从句放在句末时，that可以省略。 而what引导的从句则恰恰相反，what 在从句中的作用为： 一、作句子成分； 二、除了起到引导从句的作用外还 要承担具体的意义。 【巩固练习】 用what或that填空。 (1) _ he told us this morning was just a lie. (2) _ is important to us is enough time. (3) It
14、worries my mom _ she is beginning to get a little fat. (4) _ we cant get seems better than _ we have. What What that What what 探寻规律探寻规律1 1： 主语从句主语从句 主谓一致主谓一致 问题问题 1. Whether the patient will be taken _ unknown. 2. When and where the patient will be taken _ unknown. 3. When the task can be finished a
15、nd whether he can have a rest _ unknown. 4. What he wants most _ staying with his family. What they need _ masks(口罩口罩). 主句的谓语动词，大多数使用主句的谓语动词，大多数使用_ (单数？复数？单数？复数？) 由两个连接词引导同一个主从，谓动使用由两个连接词引导同一个主从，谓动使用_ (单数？复数？单数？复数？) 主语为主语为and连接的两个主从时，谓动使用连接的两个主从时，谓动使用_ (单数？复数？单数？复数？) what在主从中做宾语时，谓动由在主从中做宾语时，谓动由_决定单
16、复数决定单复数 (主语？表语？主语？表语？) 单数单数 单数单数 复数复数 表语表语 is is are is are 主语从句应使用_语序。 1. Where we will have a picnic should be discussed. Where will we have a picnic should be discussed. 2. How we go for a picnic should be discussed. How do we go for a picnic should be discussed. Rule 3 陈述句陈述句 探寻规律探寻规律2 2： 主语从句的语
17、序主语从句的语序 即主语在前，谓语在后。即主语在前，谓语在后。 That all countries work together is important. 探寻规律探寻规律3 3： 主语从句太长怎么办？主语从句太长怎么办？ 用一个用一个 It 来解决问题！来解决问题！ It is important that all countries work together. Whether the other astronomers accept his ideas remains a question. It remains a question whether the other astrono
18、mers accept his ideas. It + V + 宾/表语 + 主从 形式主语 1. It is/was + n. + that从句 It is a pity that you should have made such a careless mistake. 2. It is/was+ adj. + that从句，常见此类形容词 有：important, necessary, clear, certain, natural, strange, obvious, likely, impossible, possible等。 It is obvious that the accid
19、entwas cused by drunk driving. 3. It+不及物动词+that从句 It seems / appears . that . 似乎 It happened (to sb.) that . 碰巧 It happened that I was on the spot. It seems that we wont have a holiday until June 6th. 4. It is/was + v-ed + 主语从句 It is said / reported / believed / suggested / well-known / proved that
20、. It is reported that more than thirty deaths were caused in the accident. It is not clear how the accident happened. It is not hard to understand why he did so at that time. It is a pity that you should have made such a careless mistake. It is reported that more than thirty deaths were caused in the accident. 定 义引导词 形式主语 主谓一致 总 结 单个主语从句-单数 多个主语从句-复数 Itbe形容词/名词短 语/过去分词/不及物动词 that从句 语序 陈述语序
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