（2019版）新人教版选择性必修第三册英语 Unit 4 Adversity and Courage 高频词汇短语句式通关练学案（含答案）.doc

1、2022 高考高考英语英语高频词汇短语句式通关练高频词汇短语句式通关练Unit 4Adversity and CourageKeeping Your Life Busy and ExcitingShake up your routine.It doesnt matter if other people think youre interesting;it onlymatters if you think youre interesting.1.Whether its taking a different route home,orcalling up a friend you havent s

2、poken to in years,give it a try.Its about surprising yourself,notother people.Find local events such as markets,festivals,and music events to attend.Pick out things inyour area which you think might be interesting and give them a visit.2,especially insummer,which dont involve spending much or any mo

3、ney.By doing these things which arentpart of your routine,youll keep yourself surprised and energized.Explore your hometown.When you go on holiday anywhere,the place youre visitingalways seems so much more interesting than where you live.3.You just havent bothered tolook properly since its been ther

4、e all along.Open your eyes.What have you been missing?Accept all invitations.Even if youre not that keen on the people going,try giving them achance and go and hang out with them anyway.4just once in a while.Plan a trip.Instead of spending your weekend at home,plan a trip for a 2-day getaway.Youdont

5、 have to take time off work and it doesnt have to be expensive.It can even be half an houraway where you spend the entire weekend in a hotel basking( 晒 太阳 ) in the room service.5.A.Just go out and have funB.It doesnt have to be all the timeC.There are often many local events going onD.So you might a

6、s well stay for a few daysE.Its a chance to relax and learn something specialF.Try to think of one thing each day you can do differentlyG.But in reality,there is probably much to do around where you liveSectionA：题型题型练笔练笔BIcebergs are giant blocks of ice that float in the sea.They come in many1(shape

7、),sizes,and colors.Some are deep blue or green.Some look like2(float) sculptures.Oldicebergs that have been worn down by the weather sometimes look like pillars of ice.How is3iceberg formed?Icebergs begin and end in the ocean.First,moisture from theocean rises into the air and4(move) up into Earths

8、atmosphere.Over Antarctica,5air is cold,the water falls as snow.As layers of snow develop,their heavy weight presses down andturns the snow to ice in the polar climate.In fact,90 percent of all the worlds ice is on thecontinent of Antarctica.Huge areas of ice6(call) ice sheets and glaciers move slow

9、ly acrossthe continent toward the sea.The fastest-moving Antarctic glacier moves about 1.25 miles in ayear.7(usual),only about one-fifth of an iceberg appears above the surface of the water.Theother four-fifths of the “berg”8(hide) underwater,out of sight.Sometimes,an iceberg has9is called a “foot,”

10、 an extension completely underwater.These are especially10(danger)for ships.It was an iceberg “foot” that sank the Titanic in 1912,killing 1,503 people.Every year,thousands of new icebergs are formed in the ocean around Antarctica.If yourelucky,youll get to see one someday.1.It (so) happens that.碰巧碰

11、巧Well,it so happened that one morning I bought a newspaper and read the advertisementabout the Antarctic expedition.嗯,碰巧有一天早上我买了一份报纸,看了关于南极探险的广告。知识运用(1)It happenedthey spent their childhood in the same village.(2)I happened(know) the answer to the question.(3)It happened to(rain) when I got off the

12、bus yesterday afternoon.句式升级Section B：重点词汇重点词汇(4)I happened to be upstairs one evening when the window was open.(升级为 it 作形式主语的句子)I was upstairs one evening when the window was open.知识延伸(1)It (so) happens that.碰巧,其中的 it 是形式主语,真正的主语是 that 引导的句子。(2)happen to do sth 碰巧做某事(3)happen to be doing sth 碰巧在做某事

13、(4)happen to have done sth 碰巧做过某事2.turn down 拒绝拒绝;调小调小However,when I applied to join the expedition,Shackleton turned me down because hethought I was too young and wasnt qualified.然而,当我申请加入探险队时,沙克尔顿拒绝了我,因为他认为我太年轻,不合格。知识运用用 turn 的相关短语填空(1)Tom had tothe invitation to the party last weekend because he

14、was toobusy.(2)Dont worry.Im sure your missing glasses willsooner or later.(3)However,if I had to give up one of them,I wouldthe TV rather than switchoff my cellphone or cut off the Internet.(4)They had nowhere to stay so I couldntthem.(5)The moment the bell rang,all the studentstheir papers immedia

15、tely.(6)You shouldnt alwaysthe dictionary when meeting new words in reading.知识延伸turn3.enthusiastic adj.热情的热情的;热心的热心的But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that I secretly wentaboard his ship,the Endurance,and hid in a small cupboard.但我太热衷于和他们一起去的想法了,所以我偷偷地上了他的船,坚忍号,藏在一个小柜子

16、里。知识运用(1)With the help of an(enthusiastic),I had no difficulty finding his home.(2)Im sure the magazine will appeal to you,for youve been enthusiasticsports.(3)Though Jack was lacking in experience,he made up for it in(enthusiastic).知识延伸be enthusiastic about 对很热情enthusiasm n.热情enthusiast n.热衷的人;爱好者4

17、.assign vt.分派分派;布置布置;分配分配He assigned me to be a steward,and I now serve meals for twenty-eight men,three times aday.他指派我做膳务员,我现在为二十八个人提供膳食,每天三次。知识运用(1)When I taught,I would assign a topicchildren which they would writeabout.(2)Madison was assigned(investigate) a balloon accident.(3)The assessment fo

18、r the course involves written(assign) and practical tests.(4)周阳永远不会忘记他在一家畅销英文报纸的办公室的第一项工作任务。Never will Zhou Yang forget his firstat the office of a popular Englishnewspaper.知识延伸assign5.envy n.& vt.羡慕羡慕;妒忌妒忌How everyone will envy me when I come back and tell them about the amazing places Ihave been t

19、o!当我回来告诉他们我去过的神奇的地方时,每个人都会多么羡慕我啊!知识运用(1)I feel greenenvy when I see you in your new dress.(2)I am not envious of him,though he gets an(envy) job there.(3)Ifyouhavenoselfishmotives,youwillnotbesuspiciousandenviousothers.(4)When I bought the new sports car,I becameenvy of all my neighbours.知识延伸envy6.H

20、ow/What 引导的感叹句引导的感叹句How everyone will envy me when I come back and tell them about the amazing places Ihave been to!当我回来告诉他们我去过的神奇的地方时,每个人都会多么羡慕我啊!知识运用(1)你看的照片多么美啊!a beautiful picture you are looking at!(2)今天的天气多么好啊!nice weather it is today!(3)那个男孩写得多快啊!quickly the boy is writing!我们从山顶上看到的景色多么优美啊!(4

21、)知识延伸感叹句7.abandon vt.舍弃舍弃;抛弃抛弃;放弃放弃Before we abandoned the ship,Shackleton calmly called us together and told us to rescueour most essential suppliesthe small boats,our food,the cook stove,candles,clothes,and blankets.在我们弃船前,沙克尔顿平静地把我们召集在一起,让我们挽救最基本的补给小船、食物、烹饪炉、蜡烛、衣服和毯子。知识运用(1)Wang collected more th

22、an 7 million(abandon) bricks of different ages.(2)After careful deliberation,they agreed to abandon(carry) out the project.(3)The fans cheeredabandon when their football team won.(4)Without worrying about anything,she abandoned herself to a life of pleasure.Without worrying about anything,shea life

23、of pleasure.知识延伸abandon oneself to.沉湎于;纵情于abandon doing sth 放弃做某事abandoned adj.被遗弃的;放纵的be abandoned to 沉湎于with abandon 恣意地;放纵地(1)abandoned 为形容词化的过去分词,在句中常作定语。(2)abandon 后接动词-ing 形式,而不能跟动词不定式。8.resolve vi.& vt.决定决定;决心决心;解决解决(问题或困难问题或困难)n.决心决心;坚定的信念坚定的信念Their genuine concern for others,their persevera

24、nce,and their resolve fill me with hope.他们对别人的真正关爱、他们的毅力和决心使我充满了希望。知识运用(1)The family made a(resolve) to go to Beijing for her summer holiday.(2)The company resolved(take) no further action against the matter.(3)我们必须趁早找到解决这些问题的方法。We must find a waythese problems before its too late.(4)布朗先生决定不告诉玛丽所发生的

25、事情。Mr Brown resolvedMary what had happened.知识延伸resolve9.give off 放出放出(热、光、气味或气体热、光、气味或气体)This gave off oily,black smoke,but it stayed burning even in strong winds.它散发出油性的黑烟,但即使在强风下也会燃烧。知识运用用 give 的相关短语填空(1)The children were required totheir examination papers immediately.(2)That weekend,we went to a

26、 nearby neighbourhood andthe presents to thepeople there.(3)My money was beginning toand there were no jobs to be found.(4)刚开始时,学习英语似乎很难,以至于我甚至都没有尝试就想放弃。At the beginning,learning English seemed so difficult that I wanted towithout even trying.知识延伸give in 屈服;投降;让步;上交give in to 向让步give away 分发;赠送;泄露gi

27、ve out 分发;用完;耗尽give up 放弃mitment n.承诺承诺;保证保证;奉献奉献And he paid us back by his commitment to save us from a slow but painful death.他用承诺来回报我们,让我们免于缓慢而痛苦的死亡。知识运用(1)Mr Johnson was a good man who was(commit) to his family as well as to hiswork.(2)If you are serious about our relationship,you should make a(

28、commit).(3)I took the College Entrance Examination and committed myself to(get) intocollege.(4)If you commit yourselfyour study,youll succeed one day.知识延伸commit一：一：单句填空单句填空1.The exercise obviously will improve strength and(endure).2.Her parents were(enthusiasm) and encouraged her to carry out the pl

29、an.3.She is in Greece on an(assign) for one of the Sunday newspapers.Section C：习题运用习题运用4.If you dont have an aim,you will drift like an(abandon) ship at sea.5.With faith and(persevere),Goodall finally overcame all the difficulties.6.They made a(resolve) to go hiking in the mountains on Sunday.7.Lu X

30、un was(loyalty) to the people,bending his back to the task until his dyingday.8.Without passion,people wont have the(motive) or the joy necessary forcreative thinking.9.Alone in a strange city,without friends and money,he felldespair.10.It is very pleasant for him to travel and to try out and explor

31、eis new.二二：选词：选词填空填空advertise,expedition,miserable,aboard,turnPerce Blackborow is one of the more interesting and colourful members of the1.In 1914,he was farfrom homein Buenos Airesand liveda 2.life.Fortunately,he met and befriended an American sailor,William Bakewell who was in the samesituation.W

32、hen the Endurance sailed into port and 3.for sailors,the two men appliedfor positions.Shackleton interviewed them both and Bakewell was accepted while Blackborowwas 4.down because of his age and lack of experience.He slipped 5.theship with the help of Bakewell but was discovered when the Endurance w

33、as three days out ofport.Shackleton was unhappy at him being there,but realised he had no choice and offered him aposition of steward.三：写作三：写作请根据下面内容写一篇介绍著名探险家欧内斯特沙克尔顿的短文。1.出生于 1874 年;2.1901 年加入南极探险,因病被遣送回家;3.他带领船队跨南极远征;4.1922 年 1 月 5 日,因心脏病在远征途中去世。一：一：习题习题Section D：校对查漏校对查漏1.F根据后面语境“Whether its tak

34、ing a different route home,or calling up a friend youhavent spoken to in years,give it a try.”可知,试着每天想一件你可以做得不同的事情,故选 F项。2.C根据空后的“especially in summer,which dont involve spending much or any money”可判断,当地经常发生许多事情,故选 C 项。3.G根据本段主题句“Explore your hometown.”与空后的“You just havent bothered tolook properly s

35、ince its been there all along.Open your eyes.What have you been missing?”可判断,但实际上,在你居住的地方可能有很多事情要做,故选 G 项。4.B根据空后的“just once in a while”可判断,不一定要一直这样,故选 B 项。5.A根 据 空 前 的 “You dont have to take time off work and it doesnt have to beexpensive.It can even be half an hour away where you spend the entire

36、weekend in a hotel baskingin the room service.”可判断,就是出去,玩得开心,故选 A 项。1.shapes考查名词复数。shape 是可数名词,根据 many 可知要用复数形式。2.floating考查非谓语动词。like 是介词,后接动词时要用-ing 形式。3.an考查冠词。iceberg 是以元音音素开头的单数可数名词,所以填 an。4.moves考查时态。所填的词与 rises 一起构成并列谓语,所以填 moves。5.where考查定语从句。先行词是表示地点的名词,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,所以填 where。6.called考查非谓

37、语动词。 call 和 Huge areas of ice 有逻辑上的动宾关系,所以用动词-ed形式作定语。7.Usually考查副词。所填的词修饰整个句子,所以用副词形式。8.is hidden考查语态。hide 和主语有动宾关系,所以用被动语态。9.what考查名词性从句。宾语从句缺少主语,所以填 what。10.dangerous考查形容词。所填的词作表语,所以用形容词形式。二：词汇运用二：词汇运用1.(1)that(2)to know(3)be raining(4)It so happened that2.(1)turn down(2)turn up(3)turn off(4)turn

38、;away(5)turned in(6)turn to3.(1)enthusiast(2)about(3)enthusiasm4. (1)to(2)to investigate(3)assignments(4)assignment5.(1)with(2)enviable(3)of(4)the6.(1)What(2)What(3)How(4)What a beautiful view we see from the top of the hill!(5)How beautiful a view we see from the top of the hill!7.(1)abandoned(2)ca

39、rrying(3)with(4)was abandoned to8.(1)resolution(2)to take(3)to resolve(4)not to tell9.(1)give in(2)gave away(3)give out(4)give up10.(1)committed(2)commitment(3)getting(4)to三：习题运用三：习题运用一.1.endurance2.enthusiastic3.assignment4.abandoned5.perseverance6.resolution7.loyal8.motivation9.in10.whatever/what二

40、.1.expedition2.miserable3.advertised4.turned5.aboard三 .Ernest Shackleton,one of the most famous explorers in the world,was born onFebruary 15,1874 in Ireland and he was raised in London.He joined an expedition to the Antarcticin 1901,but was sent home early due to his illness.Devoted to exploring th

41、e Antarctic,he led theTrans-Antarctic Expedition.His ship was crushed by ice.He and his crew drifted on sheets of icefor months until they reached Elephant Island.Shackleton eventually rescued his crew,all of whomsurvived.On January 5,1922,Shackleton suffered a heart attack on his ship and died while settingout on anotherAntarctic expedition.