（2019版）新人教版选择性必修第三册英语Unit 1 重点词汇讲解-重点长难句-重点语法及练习（含答案）.docx

1、选修选修三三 unit 1重点词汇重点词汇短语短语详解：详解：1.1.in particular 尤其；特别particular adj.特定的；特别的；挑剔的be particular about/over 对讲究/挑剔particularly adv.特别地；尤其(1)Parents and coaches in particular should act as better examples for children.父母和教练尤其要给孩子们树立更好的榜样。(2)I have nothing particular to do this evening.今晚我没有什么特别的事情要做。(3)

2、She is very particular _ her appearance.她很在意自己的外表。(4)The dictionary is _ (particular) useful for beginners.这本词典对初学者特别有用。2.2.set apart from 使与众不同；使突出；使优于set about doing sth.开始做某事set aside 留出；把置于一旁set down 写下；记下set off 出发；引发set out to do sth.开始做某事set up 竖起；建立；安排(1)He had a particular voice，which set h

3、im apart from others in our small town.他嗓音很特别，这使他不同于我们小镇上的其他人。(2)Set _ some time each day to write，even if it is only five minutes.每天留出一些时间写作，即使只有五分钟。(3)I dont want to set _ a series of facts in a diary as most people do.我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账。(4)We ought to set _ at 7：00，when the roads are empty.我们应该七点

4、出发，趁那时路上没什么车。(5)Youd better set a realistic goal rather than plan to set _ a large company now.你最好定一个现实的目标，而不是计划现在开办一家大公司。一句多译(6)我们开始着手粉刷整幢房子，但那天只完成了前面的部分。We_ but finished only the front part that day.(set out)We _but finished only the front part that day.(set about)3.3.influential adj.有很大影响力的；有支配力的

5、influence n.& vt.影响have an influence on/upon 对有影响under ones influence 在某人的影响下(1)She is one of the most influential figures in local politics.她是本地政坛举足轻重的人物之一。(2)My physics teacher was my role model，whose influence on me had a lot to do with mydecision.我的物理老师是我的榜样，他对我的影响与我所作的决定有很大关系。(3)_their influenc

6、e，he became more interested in stories of travel and adventure.在他们的影响下，他对游记和冒险类故事更感兴趣了。(4)What you said had a good influence _ people，children in particular.你说的话对人们有很好的影响，尤其是对孩子。(5)His writings_ (influence) the lives of millions so far，which sets him apartfrom other writers.到目前为止，他的作品已影响了数百万人的一生，这使得

7、他与别的作者不同。高级表达(6)Id like to talk to the children who are influenced by that book.Id like to talk to the children _ .(用非谓语动词改写)4.4.rank n.地位；级别；行列 vt.& vi.把分等级；使排列成行the first rank 一流的rank.as.把评为rank high 名列前茅(1)She was not used to mixing with people of high social rank.她不习惯与社会地位很高的人搅在一起。(2)It is belie

8、ved that he is a painter of _ .人们都认为他是一流画家。(3)They rank Lang Lang _ a firstclass pianist.他们把郎朗评价为一流的钢琴家。(4)At the height of her career she _in the world.在她事业的顶峰时期，她排名世界第二位。高级表达(5)On that day I met the student who ranked high in his class.On that day I met the student _ .(用非谓语动词改写)5.5.emerge vi.& vt.

9、出现；浮现；暴露emerge from sth.(从隐蔽处或暗处)出现，浮现，露出emerge as.作为出现emergence n出现，显露(1)The moon emerged from behind the clouds.月亮从云层后露出。(2)It emerged that the company was going to be sold.事实已清楚，这家公司准备出售。(3)He emerged _ a key figure in the campaign.他是这次运动中的主要人物。(4)He was excited at the _ (emerge) of new evidence.

10、新证据的出现让他感到兴奋。6.convey vt.表达；传递(思想、感情等)；传送convey.to.向传达convey a message 传达信息(1)If you see James，do convey my apology to him.如果你看见詹姆斯，一定要向他转达我的歉意。(2)This train conveys both passengers and goods.这列火车既载人又运货。高级表达(3)I like the music which conveys his feelings.I like the music _.(用非谓语动词改写)7.7.investment n.

11、投资额；投资；(时间、精力的)投入investment in.在上的投资invest vt.& vi.投资；投入invest.in.投资到(1)I have invested all my money in that influential company.我已经把所有的钱都投给了那家颇具影响力的公司。(2)He decided to invest all his time in the project.他决定把全部时间投入到这个工程中。(3)The country needs _ (invest) in education.这个国家需要对教育进行投资。高级表达(4)I admire the

12、young man who is investing all his energy in his job.I admire the young man_.(用非谓语动词改写)8.8.criticise vi.& vt.批评；指责；评价criticise sb.for sth.因为某事而批评某人criticism n.批评；评论critical adj.批判的；挑剔的；关键的(1)She does nothing but criticise and complain all the time.她什么也不做，只是一味地指责和抱怨。(2)She is always criticising her f

13、riends for being selfish.她总是批评她的朋友自私。(3)To our surprise，the writer didnt care about their _ (criticise)让我们惊讶的是，这位作家并不在乎他们的评论。(4)Students are encouraged to develop _ (criticise) thinking.鼓励学生培养批判性思维。高级表达(5)Youd better not disturb the boy who was criticised by his teacher.Youd better not disturb the b

14、oy _ .(用非谓语动词改写)9.9.decline n.(数量、价格、质量等的)减少；下降；衰落 vi.& vt.减少；下降；衰弱；谢绝一词多义写出下列句子中 decline 的汉语意思(1)Her health was declining rapidly.衰弱(2)The number of tourists to the town declined by 10%.下降(3)I offered to give them a lift，but they declined with thanks.谢绝(4)An increase in cars has resulted in the dec

15、line of public transport.减少decline by.下降了decline to do sth.拒绝做某事(5)In spite of many invitations，he would always decline _(visit) Oxford.尽管多次受到邀请，他还是拒绝去牛津。高级表达(6)After he had declined that invitation，he felt a little relieved._, he felt a little relieved.(用非谓语动词改写)After _ , he felt a little relieved.

16、(用非谓语动词改写)10.10.in time 迟早；及时；最后ahead of time 提前all the time 一直at a time 一次at no time 决不置于句首时，句子用部分倒装at one time 一度at the same time 同时at times 有时in no time 立刻；马上(1)Im just so glad I was there in time to save my son.我真的非常高兴我及时赶到那里救了自己的儿子。(2)If you keep on，you will make a breakthrough _ .如果坚持下去，你迟早会取得

17、突破的。(3)Can you finish your work _ ?你能提前完成工作吗？(4)Opportunities are present _ ，but often they go by unnoticed.机会始终都在，但常常被人忽略。(5)Wealth starts with a goal saving a dollar _ .财富始于一次存一美元的目标。(6)_during the tour was I bored.观光途中我从未觉得无聊过。11.11.recognition n.承认；认可；赞誉beyond recognition 认不出recognize vt.认出；辨认出；

18、意识到recognize.as.承认是It is recognized that.人们承认(1)The town has changed beyond recognition since I was last here.自从我上次离开这里，这座小镇已经变得让人认不出了。(2)We should especially recognize our childrens efforts to push themselves and work hard toachieve a goal.(2019浙江)我们尤其应该承认孩子的努力来督促他们更努力地实现目标。(3)There is general _ (r

19、ecognize) that the study techniques of many students are weak.人们普遍意识到，很多学生的学习技能薄弱。(4)The British recognized America _ an independent country.英国人承认美国为一个独立的国家。(5)_ the doctors and nurses are very selfless.人们认为那些医生和护士都很无私。12.12.expansion n.扩张；扩展；扩大；膨胀；阐述expand vi. & vt.扩大；增加；使变大；膨胀expand on/upon 充分叙述(1

20、)The company is confident of further expansion.公司对进一步扩展充满信心。(2)Achilds vocabulary expands through reading.孩子的词汇量通过阅读得到扩大。(3)The book is an_ (expand) of a series of lectures given last year.这本书是去年举行的系列讲座的扩充。(4)Could you expand_ this point，please?请你把这一点详细说明一下好吗？13.13.bring.to life 赋予生命；使鲜活起来lead/live

21、a.life 过的生活all ones life 终生；一辈子come to life 苏醒过来；变得活跃(1)He asks the Greek Goddess to bring her to life.他请求希腊女神让她复活。(2)He is very rich，but he _ .他很富有，却过着简朴的生活。(3)The fact is that Bell was an inventor _ .事实是，贝尔终生都在搞发明。(4)The match _ in the final minutes of the second half.比赛在下半场的最后几分钟变得精彩起来。14.14.guar

22、antee vt.保证；确保；肯定必然发生 n.保证；保修单；担保物guarantee to do sth./that.保证做某事；确保guarantee sb.sth.保证某人某事be guaranteed to do sth.肯定会；必定会under guarantee 在保修期内give sb.a guarantee that.向某人担保/保证(1)As we all know，wealth is no guarantee of happiness.我们都知道，财富并非幸福的保证。(2)If you have the watch cleaned here，we can guarantee

23、 it for an additional three months.如果你在这里清洗手表，我们可以额外保修三个月。(3)There is no need to worry，for your new computer is _guarantee.没必要担心，因为你的新电脑在保修期内。一句多译(4)我们保证明天行为规矩。_(guarantee v简单句)_ (guarantee v复合句)15.15.worthy adj.值得的；有价值的be worthy of 值得be worthy to be donebe worthy of being done 值得做某事worth adj.值得的be

24、well worth doing 非常值得做worthwhile adj.值得的It is worthwhile doing/to do sth.做某事是值得的。(1)She is a teacher who is worthy of respect.她是位值得尊敬的老师。(2)The smile on her face made it all worthwhile.她脸上的笑容使得这一切都值得。一句多译(3)导游告诉我们，那个美术馆值得一去。The guide told us that _ .(worthy)The guide told us that_ .(worthy)The guide

25、 told us that _ .(worth)The guide told us that it _ .(worthwhile)长难句分析长难句分析1Influential painters such as Leonardo da Vinci(14521519)， Michelangelo(14751564)， andRaphael(14831520) built upon Giotto and Masaccios innovations to produce some of thegreatest art that Europe had ever seen.句式分析该句为复合句。Influ

26、ential painters built upon Giotto and Masaccios innovationsto produce some of the greatest art that Europe had ever seen.是主句；that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 some of the greatest art；不定式 to produce.作目的状语。自主翻译一些颇具影响力的画家， 例如莱昂纳多达芬奇(14521519)、 米开朗基罗(14751564)和拉斐尔(14831520)， 在乔托和马萨乔的创新基础上继续发展， 创作出欧洲前所未见的一些最伟大的艺术作品。2Wh

27、ile painters as early as Da Vinci had used oil，this technique reached its height withRembrandt (16061669)，who gained a reputation as a master of shadow and light.句式分析该句为复合句。while 引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然”；主句是 this techniquereached its height with Rembrandt，who 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰 Rembrandt。自主翻译尽管早在达芬奇时代一些画家就使用油彩绘画，

28、 但伦勃朗(16061669)使得这种技艺达到顶峰，他拥有“光影大师”的雅称。3 In this work， Monets aim was to convey the light and movement in the scenethe subjectiveimpression the scene gave himbut not a detailed record of the scene itself.句式分析此句是复合句。Monets aim was to convey the light and movement in the scene是主句；the scene gave him 是省

29、略了关系词的定语从句，修饰 the subjective impression。自主翻译在这幅作品中，莫奈是想表达景色的光线和移动，也就是景色给他的主观印象，而不是对景色的详细记录。重点语法讲解：重点语法讲解：动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，它没有人称和数的变化，动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等，但不能作谓语。本单元主要复习动词不定式作表语的用法。一、基本用法动词不定式可以放在 be，become，sound，taste 等系动词后面作表语。具体用法如下：1表示目的。The next step is to make sure that

30、 you know exactly what is required.下一步是确保你确切知道需要什么。The purpose of education is to develop a fine personality in children.教育的目的是发展儿童美好的品格。2表示事态发展的结果、预期的结果、不幸的命运或预言。That experience was to change his whole life.那次经历会改变他的整个生活。You must speak out，if we are to remain friends.如果我们要继续做朋友，你必须直言不讳。You are to d

31、ie at ninetyeight.你会在 98 岁时去世。3用于第一人称疑问句，表示征求意见。What am I to say if they ask me the question?要是他们问我这个问题，我该怎么回答呢？What am I to do if I have no money?如果没有钱，我该怎么办呢？4用于被动语态，相当于 can/could，should，ought to，must，具有情态意义。You are to be rewarded.你应该受到奖励。(should)Its nowhere to be found.哪儿也找不到它。(cant be)These book

32、s are not to be sold.这些书不应该卖掉。(ought not to be)5表示“同意、安排、命令、决定、劝告、意愿、禁止”等。They are to marry next week.他们将在下周结婚。(安排)Children are not to smoke.儿童不准吸烟。(禁止)You must be patient if you are to succeed.想要成功，就必须有耐心。(愿望)6不定式作表语，可用主动形式表示被动意义。She is to blame.她应该受到责备。Agreat deal is yet to do.还有许多事要做。Something is

33、 still to find out.有些东西还有待查明。二、动词不定式和动名词作表语的区别动词不定式和动名词都可以作表语。但用法有区别：表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的行为用动名词；表示具体的、一次性的或将来的动作用不定式。Marys task is to set the table.玛丽的任务是要去摆桌子。His job is looking after sheep.他的任务是照看羊。但这种区别并不是绝对的。例外的情况也不少，比如在 job，problem 等名词后面就可用不定式或动名词作表语，且意思区别很小。如：The problem is finding the time to get t

34、hings done.问题是要找到完成这些事情的时间。The problem was to find the right place quickly.问题是要迅速找到合适的地方。语法应用练习：.句型转换，同动词不定式转换同义句。1The young man should be praised by the boss.The young man is_.2What shall I do if she asks me for some advice?What_ if she asks me for some advice?3As a matter of fact，the driver should

35、 be blamed for it.As a matter of fact，the driver is_.4They will hold a party when they arrive at the island.They_ when they arrive at the island.5They are supposed to arrive before noon.They are_ before noon.单句写作6他想做的事情是让儿子与众不同。(set apart from)_7这个女孩的工作就是每天回复邮件。(answer)_8这个年轻人的小说将会表达美好的情感。(convey)_9

36、那个淘气的男孩应该因为恶劣的行为受到批评。(criticize)_10那次采访注定会影响他的整个事业。(influence)_选修选修三三 unit 1 教师版（答案版）教师版（答案版）重点词汇重点词汇短语短语详解：详解：1.1.in particular 尤其；特别particular adj.特定的；特别的；挑剔的be particular about/over 对讲究/挑剔particularly adv.特别地；尤其(1)Parents and coaches in particular should act as better examples for children.父母和教练尤

37、其要给孩子们树立更好的榜样。(2)I have nothing particular to do this evening.今晚我没有什么特别的事情要做。(3)She is very particular about/over her appearance.她很在意自己的外表。(4)The dictionary is particularly(particular) useful for beginners.这本词典对初学者特别有用。2.2.set apart from 使与众不同；使突出；使优于set about doing sth.开始做某事set aside 留出；把置于一旁set do

38、wn 写下；记下set off 出发；引发set out to do sth.开始做某事set up 竖起；建立；安排(1)He had a particular voice，which set him apart from others in our small town.他嗓音很特别，这使他不同于我们小镇上的其他人。(2)Set aside some time each day to write，even if it is only five minutes.每天留出一些时间写作，即使只有五分钟。(3)I dont want to set down a series of facts in

39、 a diary as most people do.我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账。(4)We ought to set off at 7：00，when the roads are empty.我们应该七点出发，趁那时路上没什么车。(5)Youd better set a realistic goal rather than plan to set up a large company now.你最好定一个现实的目标，而不是计划现在开办一家大公司。一句多译(6)我们开始着手粉刷整幢房子，但那天只完成了前面的部分。We set out to paint the whole house

40、but finished only the front part that day.(set out)We set about painting the whole house but finished only the front part that day.(set about)3.3.influential adj.有很大影响力的；有支配力的influence n.& vt.影响have an influence on/upon 对有影响under ones influence 在某人的影响下(1)She is one of the most influential figures in

41、 local politics.她是本地政坛举足轻重的人物之一。(2)My physics teacher was my role model，whose influence on me had a lot to do with mydecision.我的物理老师是我的榜样，他对我的影响与我所作的决定有很大关系。(3)Under their influence，he became more interested in stories of travel and adventure.在他们的影响下，他对游记和冒险类故事更感兴趣了。(4)What you said had a good influ

42、ence on people，children in particular.你说的话对人们有很好的影响，尤其是对孩子。(5)His writings have influenced(influence) the lives of millions so far，which sets him apart fromother writers.到目前为止，他的作品已影响了数百万人的一生，这使得他与别的作者不同。高级表达(6)Id like to talk to the children who are influenced by that book.Id like to talk to the ch

43、ildren influenced by that book.(用非谓语动词改写)4.4.rank n.地位；级别；行列 vt.& vi.把分等级；使排列成行the first rank 一流的rank.as.把评为rank high 名列前茅(1)She was not used to mixing with people of high social rank.她不习惯与社会地位很高的人搅在一起。(2)It is believed that he is a painter of the first rank.人们都认为他是一流画家。(3)They rank Lang Lang as a f

44、irstclass pianist.他们把郎朗评价为一流的钢琴家。(4)At the height of her career she ranked second in the world.在她事业的顶峰时期，她排名世界第二位。高级表达(5)On that day I met the student who ranked high in his class.On that day I met the student ranking high in his class.(用非谓语动词改写)5.5.emerge vi.& vt.出现；浮现；暴露emerge from sth.(从隐蔽处或暗处)出现

45、，浮现，露出emerge as.作为出现emergence n出现，显露(1)The moon emerged from behind the clouds.月亮从云层后露出。(2)It emerged that the company was going to be sold.事实已清楚，这家公司准备出售。(3)He emerged as a key figure in the campaign.他是这次运动中的主要人物。(4)He was excited at the emergence(emerge) of new evidence.新证据的出现让他感到兴奋。6.convey vt.表达

46、；传递(思想、感情等)；传送convey.to.向传达convey a message 传达信息(1)If you see James，do convey my apology to him.如果你看见詹姆斯，一定要向他转达我的歉意。(2)This train conveys both passengers and goods.这列火车既载人又运货。高级表达(3)I like the music which conveys his feelings.I like the music conveying his feelings.(用非谓语动词改写)7.7.investment n.投资额；投资

47、；(时间、精力的)投入investment in.在上的投资invest vt.& vi.投资；投入invest.in.投资到(1)I have invested all my money in that influential company.我已经把所有的钱都投给了那家颇具影响力的公司。(2)He decided to invest all his time in the project.他决定把全部时间投入到这个工程中。(3)The country needs investment(invest) in education.这个国家需要对教育进行投资。高级表达(4)I admire th

48、e young man who is investing all his energy in his job.I admire the young man investing all his energy in his job.(用非谓语动词改写)8.8.criticise vi.& vt.批评；指责；评价criticise sb.for sth.因为某事而批评某人criticism n.批评；评论critical adj.批判的；挑剔的；关键的(1)She does nothing but criticise and complain all the time.她什么也不做，只是一味地指责和

49、抱怨。(2)She is always criticising her friends for being selfish.她总是批评她的朋友自私。(3)To our surprise，the writer didnt care about their criticisms(criticise)让我们惊讶的是，这位作家并不在乎他们的评论。(4)Students are encouraged to develop critical(criticise) thinking.鼓励学生培养批判性思维。高级表达(5)Youd better not disturb the boy who was crit

50、icised by his teacher.Youd better not disturb the boy criticised by his teacher.(用非谓语动词改写)9.9.decline n.(数量、价格、质量等的)减少；下降；衰落 vi.& vt.减少；下降；衰弱；谢绝一词多义写出下列句子中 decline 的汉语意思(1)Her health was declining rapidly.衰弱(2)The number of tourists to the town declined by 10%.下降(3)I offered to give them a lift，but