（2019版）新人教版选择性必修第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement 单元测试B卷（含答案）.docx

1、If it had not been for Fan Jinshi and her team, the world cultural heritage(遗产) at Dunhuang MogaoGrottoes in a remote Chinese desert might have long been destroyed by sand, weather or humans.Fan has spent more than half a century fighting an uphill battle to preserve the ancient Buddhist wallpaintin

2、gs at Dunhuang, in Northwest Chinas Gansu Province. Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes are a hugecollection of Buddhist artmore than 2,000 Buddha figures and 45,000 square meters of paintings spreadamong 735 caves. It is one of Chinas UNESCO World Heritage Sites.Archaeologist Fan was sent to Dunhuang after gra

3、duating from Peking University in 1963. While inDunhuang, a remote village in the desert then, Fan lived in an abandoned temple. At first, she did not evendare to go out to the toilet at night. To protect the treasures from sand and dampness, Fan and otherworkers put doors on the caves, planted tree

4、s and started monitoring temperature and humidity(湿度) inthe caves. They also controlled the number of visitors.In the late 1990s, with tourism booming nationwide since national holidays were extended, the localgovernment planned to go public with Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, but found Fan firmly in thei

5、r way. Theheritage would have been destroyed if it had been listed, she said.Dunhuang Academy has now photographed and catalogued online all the sculptures and paintings.Despite our efforts to minimize damage, we cant completely stop them from being eroded(腐蚀). But thedigital database will last.Fan

6、was grateful when her husband joined her in Dunhuang in 1986 after 19 years of separation. Hertwo sons grew up in Shanghai with their aunt. I have not been a good mother or wife. With regard to myfamily, Im full of guilt, she said. Fan, 81, retired four years ago as the director of Dunhuang Academy

7、butcontinues her efforts as an honorary president of Dunhuang Academy.1. Which of the following measures didnt Fan Jinshi take to protect Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes?A. Opening Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes to the public extensively.B. Planting trees and stopping Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes being eroded.C. Pictur

8、ing and classifying all the sculptures and paintings online.D. Putting doors on the caves and monitoring temperature and humidity.2. When was Fan separated from her husband?A. In 1963.B. In 1967.C. In 1986.D. In the late 1990s.3. What kind of person do you think Fan is?A. Considerate and easy-going.

9、B. Kind and intelligent.C. Humorous and sweet-tempered.D. Committed and persistent.Born in London in 1825, Thomas Henry Huxley was one of the greatest men of the nineteenth century.In 1846 Thomas Henry Huxley was appointed assistant doctor aboard H. M. S. Rattlesnake. The ship hadbeen asked to surve

10、y areas of the Great Barrier Reef and the neighboring seas. This gave Thomas HenryHuxley an opportunity to study animal life and was the start of his biological career. The voyage lastedfour years, during which time he gathered much information on plankton(浮游生物).On his return from the voyage, Thomas

11、 Henry Huxley was made a member of the Royal Society inrecognition of his scientific work. Although he continued to publish papers about plankton, his interest wasturning towards vertebrate(有脊椎的) animals. For some time Thomas Henry Huxley and his workmateshad been discussing the possibility that ani

12、mal species had evolved, one from another. No satisfactorytheories had been put forward, but in 1859 Darwins On the Origin of Species appeared. Thomas HenryHuxley at once realized its importance and how the theory of natural selection provided the workinghypothesis(假说) we sought.For the rest of his

13、life Thomas Henry Huxley struggled to ensure the full recognition of Darwins work.In 1863 Thomas Henry Huxley published Mans Place in Nature in which he compared man and greatapes(猿). He clearly showed similarities.Despite his many achievements, he was given no award by the British state until late

14、in his life. Fromabout 1870, Thomas Henry Huxley was too involved in other things to continue actual research. He hadalways been interested in education. He pioneered the teaching of biology and his method of selectingtype animals is still followed today. He spent the last ten years of his life writ

15、ing essays mainly onbiology.1. Why did Huxley go on the voyage?A. To explore the deep sea.B. To do research on sea animals.C. To work as a doctor on the ship.D. To gather information for his paper.2. How did Huxley react to the theory of natural selection?A. He had doubt about it.B. He thought highl

16、y of it.C. He couldnt understand it.D. He thought he developed it first.3. What do we know about Huxleys book Mans Place in Nature?A. It discusses the importance of human beings.B. It focuses on Darwins theory of natural selection.C. It talks about the differences between man and apes.D. It provides

17、 evidence about the evolution of man from apes.4. What can we learn about Huxley from the last paragraph?A. He contributed a lot to biology teaching.B. He continued his research till his death.C. He became a good novelist late in his life.D. He never got awards for his achievements.The Nobel Prize i

18、n Literature, which has been awarded almost every year since 1901, nets(净赚) thewinning author 747,000 pounds($915,000), a medal, a certificate, and the legal duty to deliver a lecture inSweden at some future date. The winner was selected, as usual, by the Swedish Academy, which alsopicked a second l

19、aureate (获奖者) this year to make up for the fact that no prize was presented in 2018because of a scandal(丑闻).The Nobel Prize in Literature for 2018 was awarded to the Polish author Olga Tokarczuk for a narrativeimagination that with encyclopedic(百科全书式的) passion represents the crossing of boundaries a

20、s aform of life. She won last years Man Booker International Prize for her novel Flights. Her representativeworks include Drive Your Plow Over the Bones of the Dead and Primeval and Other Times.The Nobel Prize in Literature for 2019 was awarded to the Austrian author Peter Handke for aninfluential w

21、ork that with linguistic ingenuity(语言的独创性) has explored the periphery and thespecificity of human experience. His representative works include A Sorrow Beyond Dreams, SlowHomecoming and The Great Fall.Before the announcement of the Nobel Prize in Literature winners, there were also two nominees(被提名者

22、) who had attracted much attention. Chinese people were keeping their eyes on nominee Can Xue.Can Xue, whose real name is Deng Xiaohua, was born in central Chinas Hunan Province in 1953. She hada tough childhood, working as a worker in a street factory for eight years. Her life experience has formed

23、her own unique literary path. Cans books have been translated and published outside China. Frontier,published in the US in 2017, won attention and applause from the West.The other hot guess was Japanese writer Haruki Murakami, whose books and stories have beenbestsellers in Japan as well as internat

24、ionally, with his works being translated into 50 languages and sellingmillions of copies outside his native country. His works have received numerous awards. Internet userskept eyes on him for the Nobel Prize in Literature because he had become a hot guess for years. Hisrepresentative works include

25、Norwegian Wood, Kafka on the Shore and 1Q84.1.Why were two writers awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature this year?A.To fill the prize gap of 2018.B.To attract more peoples attention.C.To inspire more outstanding writers.D.To satisfy the development of literature.2.What made Olga Tokarczuk win the N

26、obel Prize in Literature?A.Her high popularity.B.Her language skills.C.Her numerous works.D.Her writing style.3.Which book can you choose if you are interested in Peter Handkes style?A.Flights.B.The Great Fall.C.Frontier.D.Kafka on the Shore.4.Why did the Internet users pay close attention to Haruki

27、 Murakami?A.He had created hundreds of great novels.B.He had received lots of awards all the time.C.He had been supposed to win the prize for years.D.He had been recognized as the most popular writer.For years, Hamzeh AlMaaytah supported a community of book lovers in Jordan, keeping his bookstorein

28、Ammans old center open around the clock, encouraging customers to stay for a long time over raretreasures and often allowing them to set the price for a purchase.His supporters recently had a chance to repay him when the local landmark was threatened with closure,following a sudden illness that put

29、him out of action for several months as bills were piling up. By April,330 people from more than 20 countries had contributed $18,000 in a crowd-finding (众筹)campaignlaunched by two friends.The money allows AlMaaytah to repair his small space and expand to a storefront next to it, where hehopes to se

30、t up a literary salon, a display of rare books and a reading comer. Up to now, much of the storesactivity has taken place outdoors, with books laid out under a sheet on the sidewalk.Despite the recent financial scare, the 36-year-old shopkeeper is sticking to his pay as you pleasebusiness model, app

31、lied to most books. Customers can also pay a small amount of fee to borrow books orread rare editions in the store.Its risky. But its also an adventure. said AlMaaytah. You would be surprised what putting your trustin people can do. It doesnt just make more room for generosity. They also want to com

32、e back for more.More books, more conversations.AlMaaytah recently renamed his branch Mahall al-Maa loosely translated as Source of Water. toreflect his belief that bookslike waterare a necessity and should be accessible to all.Such access has been a problem in Jordan, which lacks government-funded c

33、ommunity libraries, forcingreaders to buy expensive books or go to university libraries, said Sara Qudah, the culture editor of the Al-Rai newspaper.(1).What did AlMaaytah advise people to do according to Paragraph 1?A.To work hard for good pay.B.To keep valuable jewelry.C.To enjoy some rare books.D

34、.To go to look for treasures.(2).What did people do to repay AlMaaytah?A.People donated some money to him.B.People paid almost all his bills.C.People decorated his bookstore for him.D.People launched crowd-funding campaigns.(3).Why has much of the stores activity been held outdoors?A.There is a read

35、ing comer outdoors.B.All the books are put outdoors now.C.The store tries to attract customers.D.The store is small.(4).Which of the following statements does AlMaaytah agreewith?A.People want to be put your trust in wherever they live.B.Books are a must and all should have access to them.C.More roo

36、m should be made for people to show generosity.D.People want to read more books and make more conversations.二、七选五二、七选五Florence Nightingale was named after her birthplace, Florence, Italy. When she was almost a year old,she returned with her family to England.Florence often helped her mother deliver

37、food to the poor and sick. _ Her family wasshocked because nursing was not a respected profession.But Florence was determined. She studied books on medicine. Later, she visited hospitals in France,Germany and Ireland and learned everything she could. _In 1854, Britain was at war with Russia. Florenc

38、e went to the British hospital in Scutari (now skdarin Istanbul) and she was shocked. The hospital left men lying on the floor, and rats were runningeverywhere. _ Many soldiers died before receiving help.The doctors wouldnt listen to Florence because they didnt like the idea of women in army hospita

39、lsuntil one day 500 unexpected casualties (伤亡者)arrived. _ Florence made changes, makingsure the men were washed and their injuries were cared for. Every night she would check the patients withher lamp.When she returned home after the war, a fund had been set up in her honor. Many of the soldiers she

40、 hadnursed had made contributions. Now she could set up the Nightingale Training School in London.After years of hard work, Florence Nightingale saw cleaner and more cheerful hospitals. _All of this was because of the lady with the lamp.A. Nursing became an honored profession.B. There was no running

41、 water and no heat.C. She knew she had much to learn about nursing.D. Florence saw the soldiers health had improved.E. As she grew older, she decided to become a nurse.F. They soon realized that Florence knew what she was doing.G. Upon returning home, she was an expert on hospital management.三、完形填空（

42、三、完形填空（15 空）空）Craven, 26, had to get around the world to be at the hospital for his wife was going to give birth. Hewas in Afghanistan. He1to Kuwait and then to Philadelphia, where matters grew2Stormscaused a cancellation so he was3to stay in a hotel overnight. He was scheduled to fly out the nextmo

43、rning.While sitting on the plane on Thursday morning, they experienced repair issues. After about 30 minutesof remaining seated on the plane, everybody had to4the plane and went back inside again. After thatwas delay after delay.They just kept pushing it, Craven said. If they had5the plane from the

44、beginning, I would havefound another way home somehow.Because of the bad6, there were not rental vehicles at all from the airport, he said.The7flight didnt work until 10:30 a. m. the next day. So I would have8all of it.9, word of Cravens plight(困境) started spreading among10. His story reached Charle

45、neVickers who was also on a deadline. She needed to11Charleston by noon on Friday.She12herself to Craven and said, Im going to drive to West Virginia tonight. So are you willingto join this13party of ours? Craven didnt even wait to get his suitcase. The group arrived at hishouse just past midnight.

46、His 9-pound, 8-ounce boy, Cooper, was14the next morning.If it hadnt been for Charlene, I never would have made it, Craven said. All she wanted15waspictures of the baby.1. A. droveB. flewC. walkedD. rode2. A. complicatedB. valuableC. excitingD. pleasing3. A. invitedB. punishedC. forcedD. expected4. A

47、. take offB. put upC. get offD. set up5. A. canceledB. arrangedC. complainedD. repaired6. A. trafficB. weatherC. routeD. travel7. A. fastB. nextC. newD. only8. A. missedB. evaluatedC. achievedD. destroyed9. A. GenerallyB. ApparentlyC. FortunatelyD. Frequently10. A. soldiersB. pilotsC. driversD. pass

48、engers11. A. leaveB. reachC. passD. control12. A. introducedB. devotedC. abandonedD. committed13. A. uniqueB. energeticC. regularD. crazy14. A. goneB. sentC. lostD. born15. A. in timeB. in useC. in returnD. in need四、语法填空四、语法填空Yu Rong, a famous artist, thinks of a new way to introduce _ ancient story

49、 of Hua Mulan inher picture book. In the book, I Am Hua Mulan, she tells the story by _ (combine) paper-cuttingwith international artistic styles. She places Shaanxi paper-cuts over western-style pencil sketches (素描)_ (create) a typical presentation of Chinese elements, which turns out to be a _(suc

50、cess) and impressive breakthrough.Hua Mulan, _ story has been told by generations in China, was a fighter from the NorthernWei Dynasty(386 -534). As a devoted daughter, she dressed herself as a man to serve in the army _ place of her father. Mulans characteristics, such as courage, kindness and a di