基于命题角度的七选五讲练策略课件2022届高考英语复习专题.pptx

1、基于命 题 角 度的七选五讲练策略If If winterwinter comes, can comes, can springspring be far be far behind ?behind ?夜半夜半三更盼三更盼天明天明，寒冬寒冬腊月盼腊月盼春风春风。宠辱宠辱莫莫惊，闲看庭前花开惊，闲看庭前花开花花落；落；去留去留无无意，漫随天外云卷意，漫随天外云卷云云舒。舒。已知到未知已知到未知考试说明解读考试说明解读考试说明：考试说明：在一段约在一段约300300词的短文中留词的短文中留5 5个空白，要个空白，要 求考生从求考生从7 7个选项中选出最佳选项，使个选项中选出最佳选项，使 补全后的短

2、文意思通顺，前后连贯，结构完整。补全后的短文意思通顺，前后连贯，结构完整。 考查重点：考查重点：主要考查考生对文章的主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构整体内容和结构以以 及及语篇语篇上下文逻辑关系上下文逻辑关系的理解和掌握。的理解和掌握。 领悟命题思路领悟命题思路 洞悉命题动向洞悉命题动向20192021年体裁、主题、设空位置分析年体裁、主题、设空位置分析试卷试卷体裁体裁主题主题设空位置设空位置段首段首段中段中段尾段尾 2021新高考全国新高考全国卷卷记叙文记叙文一对夫妇在巴黎居住的经历及一对夫妇在巴黎居住的经历及感受感受14/2020新高考全国新高考全国卷卷说明文说明文训练公众演讲的几种方法

3、训练公众演讲的几种方法1312021全国乙卷全国乙卷说明文说明文如何让自己在晚宴上变得有趣如何让自己在晚宴上变得有趣2212020全国全国卷卷说明文说明文接受自我的几点小建议接受自我的几点小建议1312019全国全国卷卷说明文说明文呼吸新鲜空气对健康有益呼吸新鲜空气对健康有益23/2021全国甲卷全国甲卷说明文说明文衣物交换派对衣物交换派对14/2020全国全国卷卷说明文说明文乔迁聚会的具体活动、名称的乔迁聚会的具体活动、名称的由来以及礼物的选取由来以及礼物的选取14/2019全国全国卷卷说明文说明文如何与课程教授保持良好的沟如何与课程教授保持良好的沟通通14/把握命题动向把握命题动向卷别卷别

4、体裁体裁词数词数 设空位置设空位置短文标题短文标题2021年高考年高考乙乙卷卷说明文说明文3331段首段首,3段中段中,1段末段末无无2020年全国年全国卷卷说明文说明文3251段首段首,3段中段中,1段末段末有有2019年全国年全国卷卷说明文说明文3582段首段首,3段中段中有有2018年全国年全国卷卷说明文说明文3601段首段首,3段中段中,1段末段末无无2017年全国年全国卷卷记叙文记叙文3272段首段首,2段中段中,1段末段末无无再纵观再纵观20172021年体裁、年体裁、词数、词数、设空位置设空位置，有无标题。，有无标题。找出命题规律找出命题规律考查的维度考查的维度 1. 1. 篇章

5、结构：篇章结构：篇章主题句，段落主题篇章主题句，段落主题句，段落衔接句句，段落衔接句 2. 2. 段间及句际逻辑与衔接：段间及句际逻辑与衔接：并列递进、并列递进、转折对比、解释例证、因果、时间顺序转折对比、解释例证、因果、时间顺序等等 3. 3. 词汇线索：词汇线索：指代、复现等指代、复现等出题角度出题角度篇章结构篇章结构句间逻句间逻辑与衔辑与衔接接 词汇线索词汇线索代词线索、冠词提示代词线索、冠词提示复复现现词汇复现：原词、同义词、近义词汇复现：原词、同义词、近义词、反义词、同源词、同畴词词、反义词、同源词、同畴词结构复现结构复现并列递进关系并列递进关系转折对比关系转折对比关系解释例证关系解

6、释例证关系因果关系因果关系时间顺序关系时间顺序关系文体文体 ，文意，说明文：总分、总分总，文意，说明文：总分、总分总, ,主主题题阅读理解命题规律及解题思维导图什么是什么是语篇语篇？ 语篇是实际使用的语言单位，是交流过程中一系语篇是实际使用的语言单位，是交流过程中一系列连续语段或句子所构成的列连续语段或句子所构成的语言整体语言整体。语篇由一语篇由一个以上的语段或句子组成，各成分之间在个以上的语段或句子组成，各成分之间在形形式式上是上是衔接衔接的，在的，在语义语义上是上是连贯连贯的。的。 为了准确、深刻地理解文章，必须要把握住全篇的基本结构，理清上下文的衔接关系，即句与句、段与段之间的逻辑关系。

7、七选五的考查重点七选五的考查重点20162021年五年17套卷中的七选五的语篇结构有以下四种类型：B结构类型结构类型全国全国卷卷全国全国卷卷全国全国卷卷考查考查次数次数图图1 1总总(1(1自然段自然段)分分20202020，201920192020(2020(现象现象原因原因) )，20172017，2016201620202020，20182018，20172017，201620169 9图图2 2总总(2(2自然段自然段)分分20182018，20162016，2021 2021 甲甲3 3图图3 3总总(1(1自然段自然段)分分总总20172017，20212021乙乙20192019

8、，201820184 4图图4 4总总(1(1自然段自然段)分分分分201920191 1七选五通常是七选五通常是“总总分分(总总) )”结构，偶尔是结构，偶尔是“总总分分分分”结构，把握住这个结构，把握住这个”总总分分(总总) )”的整体结构和段际关系，对于标题类和主题句类设空的解答大有帮助。的整体结构和段际关系，对于标题类和主题句类设空的解答大有帮助。文章的文章的语篇结构语篇结构AIFengAIFeng英语英语 2020新高考卷 Talking with your doctor Talking freely with your doctor can make you feel better

9、 Here are some tips for talking with your doctor. Stay positive. Keep track of how you are feeling. _39_ Your medical history is a list of your illnesses, treatments, what the doctors told you to do, and anything else you think your doctor should know. Also, if you are allergic (过敏) to any medicines

10、, be sure to mention that to your doctor. Ask questions.点拨：该语篇是典型的“总分”结构，据此，我们可以快速地从七个选项中为第39题选出两个备选项，大大缩小了范围：E. Remember, your doctor and other caregivers are on your side. F. Bring your medical history, including a list of your current medicines.解析：解析：1. 从位置上看，第39题为段落主题句，与其他三段并列，其他三个段落的主题句均是以祈使句，因

11、此第39题也应是祈使句。2. 段落内容必须服务于段落主题。第39题，由“medical history”“medicines”可知选F项。 总分结构命题角度例题总分结构命题角度例题 Color is fundamental in home designsomething youll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms youll love to live in. Do you want a room

12、 thats full of life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day? 36 , color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel. Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point. 37 , they can g

13、et a little complex. But good news is that therere really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones. Small color choices are the ones were most familiar with. Theyre the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirro

14、rs and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable . Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces su

15、ch as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves 39 . They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space. The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors .Whether youre looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, e

16、ffort and relative expense put into it are significant. 40 .篇章结构篇章结构A. While all of them are usefulB. Whatever youre looking forC. If youre experimenting with a colorD. Small color choices are the ones were most familiar with 38题设题E. Its not really a good idea to use too many small color piecesF. So

17、 it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first timeG. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways3838题段首题在哪里好？题段首题在哪里好？How to Remember What You ReadHow to Remember What You Read Reading is important. But the next step is making sure that you remem

18、ber what youve read! _31_you may have just read the text. But the ideas, concepts and images（形象）may fly right out of your head. Here are a few tricks for remembering what you read. Are you confused?Are you confused? If the plot, characters, or word usage is confusing for you, you likely wont be able

19、 to remember what you read. Its a bit like reading a foreign language. If you dont understand what youre reading, how would you remember it? But there are a few things you can do. Use a dictionary; look up the difficult words. Are you connected? Are you connected? Does a character remind you of a fr

20、iend? Does the setting make you want to visit the place? Does the book inspire you, and make you want to read more? With some books, you may feel a connection right away. _33_ How willing are you to make the connections happen? Read it; hear it; be it! Read it; hear it; be it! Read the lines. Then,

21、speak them out loud. And, put some character into the words. When he was writing his novels, Charles Dickens would act out the parts of the characters. Hed make faces in the mirror, and change his voice for each character. _34_ How often do you read? How often do you read? If you read frequently, yo

22、ull likely have an easier time with remembering what youre reading and what youve read. _35_As you make reading a regular part of your life, youll make more connections, stay more focused and understand the text better. Youll learn to enjoy literature- as you remember what you read! 2017 2017年年1111月

23、真题月真题A. Are you confused?A. Are you confused?B. Practice makes perfect.B. Practice makes perfect.C. Whats your motivation?C. Whats your motivation?D. Memory is sometimes a tricky thing.D. Memory is sometimes a tricky thing.E. Marking helps you remember what you E. Marking helps you remember what you

24、 read.read.F. But other books require a bit more F. But other books require a bit more work on your part.work on your part.G. You can do the same thing when you G. You can do the same thing when you are reading the text!are reading the text!3232题设哪里？题设哪里？篇章结构篇章结构+ +词汇线索词汇线索 篇章模式（textual pattern）指某一语

25、篇所具备的特殊的结构，由篇章类型所决定。掌握篇章模式有助于学生把握语篇之骨架和精要。“七选五”要求学生具备解构语篇的能力，运用语篇分析手段，从语境、信息、结构等层面分析文本，理清文本内在的错综复杂的关系。该题型常考的语篇模式主要有两种, 概括具体模式和问题解决模式： 立足语篇篇章模式，结构清晰立足语篇篇章模式，结构清晰1概括陈述(general statement)2具体陈述/具体细节或举例(details/examples)3总结陈述/评价(conclusion/comment)1情境(situation)2问题(problem)3反应/解决(response/solution)4评价/结果

26、(evaluation/result)概括具体模式概括具体模式(GeneralSpecific Pattern)(GeneralSpecific Pattern)问题解决模式问题解决模式(ProblemSolution Pattern)(ProblemSolution Pattern)命题规律小结命题规律小结1 1总分总分Summary Summary 1. 1. 立足语篇篇章模式，结构清晰立足语篇篇章模式，结构清晰 Moving into a new home in a new neighborhood is an exciting experience. Of course, you wa

27、nt to make sure that you become an accepted and valuable part of your new neighborhood. The easiest way to accomplish this is to make sure you conduct yourself as a good neighbor should. Perhaps one of the most important things you can do as a good neighbor is to keep your property(房产)neat, clean, a

28、nd in good repair. 32 By choosing to keep the outside of the home in great shape, you will help to improve the look and feel of the area. Second, take the overall appearance of the neighborhood seriously. When going for a walk, take along a small garbage bag. 33 This small act will let your neighbor

29、s know that you care about the area. 34 If a neighbor is going to be out of the town, offer to collect mail and newspapers. If a neighbor suffers an illness, offer to do the grocery shopping. Let them know that you are there to help in any way that is acceptable, while still respecting the privacy o

30、f your neighbor. 35 By following the basic rules of respecting others, taking care of what belongs to you, and taking pride in the appearance of the neighborhood in general, you will quickly become a good neighbor that everyone appreciates.Here are a fewHere are a few tips tips to help you win over

31、everyone in the neighborhood to help you win over everyone in the neighborhood quickly.quickly. 以问题以问题“a few tips to help you win over everyone in the neighborhood quickly”“a few tips to help you win over everyone in the neighborhood quickly”为为中心，积极探讨不同的方法和策略，是一个典型的中心，积极探讨不同的方法和策略，是一个典型的“问题解决模式问题解决模

32、式”。文章结构为。文章结构为总总分模式。分模式。把握了篇章类型与模式，我们就能较快锁定文章主旨，厘清文章脉络，根据把握了篇章类型与模式，我们就能较快锁定文章主旨，厘清文章脉络，根据观点和结构一致的原观点和结构一致的原则则，预测判断，预测判断3434和和3535题的内容。立足篇章的结构分析，将提升我们的语篇意识，帮助题的内容。立足篇章的结构分析，将提升我们的语篇意识，帮助厘清结构，厘清结构，抓住核心，提炼主旨，快速答题抓住核心，提炼主旨，快速答题。 20182018年年6 6月浙江卷月浙江卷 第一段设第一段设3131题题 31 31 题题Logical relations123456解释例证关系

33、解释例证关系in fact; in other words, or rather, for example, for instance, namely, that is (to say).并列递进关系并列递进关系not only but also; for one thing, for another; furthermore ; moreover; whats more; besides; additionally; as well (as), apart from;时间顺序关系时间顺序关系first, second, next , then , later, after that, aft

34、erwards, eventually, . 因果关系因果关系for, because, since, as, so, therefore, thus, hence, accordingly, as a result (consequence), consequently, lead to, thanks to转折对比关系转折对比关系but, however, yet, otherwise, by contrast, on the contrary, nevertheless句间逻辑与衔接句间逻辑与衔接 句间逻辑与衔接句间逻辑与衔接3.Interpersonal skills Understa

35、nding how others feel can be a challenge for kids. We know whats going on inside our own head, but what about others? Being able to read people helps kid from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories. “Why do yo

36、u think shes crying?” “Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face?” “If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?” 3939题设在哪里好呢？题设在哪里好呢？例证关系例证关系20142014新课标新课标I I卷卷A. Encourage kids to cook with you. B. And we cant forget science education. C. We can give kids chances to thi

37、nk about materials in new ways. D. So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that dont yet exist? E. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill. F. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories. G. Being able to communicate ideas in a meanin

38、gful way is a valuable skill. 2019年6月浙江卷（下划线部分为答案）： By mid-1963, the Beatles had been extremely popular in England. Even their hairstyles became major trends at that time.（even表递进关系）2017年11月浙江卷（下划线部分为答案）： With some books, you may feel a connection right away. But other books require a bit more work

39、on your part.（but表转折关系）2016年10月浙江卷（下划线部分为答案）： Find chances to do volunteer work that interests you. For example, if you love animals, volunteer at an animal shelter. If you love helping the environment, plant trees or pick up litter. （For example表解释关系）5 5. . 寻找句际逻辑关系，信息要匹配寻找句际逻辑关系，信息要匹配 4. Self Expr

40、ession 40 There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas music, acting, drawing, building, photography. You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another. A. Encourage kids to cook with you. B. And we cant forget science education. C. We can give kids chances to think about mater

41、ials in new ways. D. So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that dont yet exist? E. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill. F. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories. G. Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a

42、valuable skill.G G列举关系列举关系20142014新课标新课标I I卷卷转折转折因果因果/ /总结总结解释解释并列（顺序）并列（顺序）转折转折 1. _ However, the real movie capital is Mumbai(孟买市孟买市), in India. A. Sometimes they even write the script by hand. B. Most people think the capital of the movie is Hollywood, in the USA.2. _ This is because some people

43、have certain qualities, which others do not.A. Some people succeed, while others may not.B. As the famous saying goes, “No pains, no gains.”因果因果 3._ In the other words, when you are in love with someone, you may refuse to see anything bad about that person. A. Another proverb says “Love is blind.” B

44、. Proverbs are found in most cultures and are often very old.解释解释并列（顺序）并列（顺序） 4. Taking good notes is a time saving skill that will help you to become a better student in several ways._ Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test. A. You must write your no

45、tes on separate paper. B. First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember. 句子和句子之间的逻辑关系常见的有指代关系、转折关系、因果关系、解释关系、并列关系、递进关系等，而且这些关系一般有明显的关联词。在解题过程中，我们要善于发现文段中存在的逻辑关系，明晰表示句际逻辑关系的关联词，帮助自己定位和匹配选项。表示指代关系的代词 如 it, they, he, she, one, some 等；表示转折关系的关联词 如 how

46、ever, but, although, though, while, instead, nevertheless, still, yet, in spite of, on the contrary, in contrast, by contrast, in comparison, by comparison, otherwise 等；Summary 2Summary 2寻找句际逻辑关系，信息匹配寻找句际逻辑关系，信息匹配 命题规律小结命题规律小结2 2表示因果关系的关联词 如 so, therefore, hence, consequently, then, thus, for that r

47、eason, as a result 等；表示解释关系的关联词 如 in other words，in fact, as a matter of fact , for example, for instance, actually ,that is to say 等；表示并列或递进关系的关联词 如 also, besides, in addition to, apart from, what is more, in addition, and, besides, also, furthermore, too 等。表示比较关系的关联词 如 similarly, like, likewise（同样

48、地）, in the same way/manner, equally 等。Summary 2Summary 2寻找句际逻辑关系，信息匹配寻找句际逻辑关系，信息匹配 命题规律小结命题规律小结2 2 _33_ They were not sure how the Americans would react to the new type of music. Beatlemania hit New York on February 7, 1964. Hundreds of fans jammed the airport to greet them. _34_ The concert was bro

49、adcast live and attracted the largest one night audience in the history of television up to that time. The Beatles were described as a British invasion（入侵）by local and nationwide newspapers at that time. Their victory in America was still remembered as a major turning point in the history of rock an

50、d roll. Thanks to the Beatles, a lot of opportunities were opened up to new faces on the market. Many rock bands were able to follow in the footsteps of the Beatles. 20192019年年6 6月真题月真题E E用解释关系出用解释关系出3535题题 A. They decided on a tour to the United States in 1964. B. Even their hairstyles became major