译林版六下英语语法专题-句型-反意疑问句的用法归纳.doc

1、反意疑问句反意疑问句：由两部分构成，前一部分是对事物的陈述(即陈述句)，后一部分是简短的提问(即省略的一般疑问句)。1. 前前部分肯肯定，后后部分否否定。2. 前前部分否否定，后后部分肯肯定。陈述句疑问句尾is /wasare/wereisnt/ wasntarent /werentHe is/ was a student, isnt /wasnt he?They are/ were here, arent /werent they?There bebe thereThere is a book on the desk, isnt there?cancantHe can speak Engli

2、sh, cant he?willwontThey will wait for you, wont they?havehashad表示“有”或在完成时中当助动词haventhasnthadntThey have a room, havent they?He hasnt cleaned his room, hasnt he?You had a dog last year, hadnt you?havehashad表示“有 ”或当实义动词dontdoesntdidntThey have a class meeting , dont they?He has breakfast at home, doe

3、snt he?The girl had a good time, didnt she?have /has /hadtodont/doesnt/didntYou have to stay at home, dontyou?had betterhadnt/shouldntWed better go now, hadnt/shouldnt we?行为动词的一般现在时一般过去时dontdoesntdidntThey like playing football, dont they?He likes music, doesnt he?The woman bought a book, didnt she?

4、No,not,nothing,never,hardly,few,little,seldom用肯定形式He has hardly done his homework, hashe?祈使句will/wont/would youPlease turn it on, will/wont/would you?let uswill/wont youLet us help him, will/wont youletsshall weLets have a rest, shall we?含有 un-,in,im,il,ir,dis 否定前缀或否定后缀 less构成的派生词用否定形式She dislikes i

5、t, doesnt she?You are unhappy, arent you?You are hopeless, arent you?must be 表推测must 表必须mustnt 表禁止arent/isnt+主语needntmustHe must be happy, isnt he ?You must do it today, neednt you?You mustnt talk like that, must you?cant 表推测跟 cant 后的动词一致He cant be a doctor, is he?I amarent /aint I; am I notI am you

6、r friend, arent I主从复合句一般跟主句一致He said she had been there, didnt he?I think/believe/guess/suppose+宾语从句动词和主语跟从句从句一致，用肯定还是否定根据主句主句来确定I think hell come to help us, wont he?I dont think he is clever, is he?并列句与邻近的分句一致Mary is here, but she was here just now, wasnt she?used tousednt/didntHe used to be a tea

7、cher, usednt/didnt he?陈述句主语疑问句尾主语例句this, thatitThis is your brother, isnt it?These, thosetheyThese are not books, are they?oneone, heOne cant be always young, can one/he?something, anythingeverything, nothingitNothing is serious, is it?Everything seems all right, doesnt it?everybody, everyonesomebod

8、y, someoneanybody, anyonenobody, no one,noneeither,neitherthey ,heEveryone knows this, dont they/doesnt he?Nobody likes to lose money, does he?No one came , did they?each ofthey ,heEach of the boys had an apple, didnt he /they?some(none) ofIt 或 they ,youNone of the food was delicious, was it?Some of

9、 the men have come back, havent they?or, and , neithernor,eitheror, bothandnot only but alsonot.but 等连接的并列主语复数代词Neither you nor I am wrong, are we?Both Tom and Jack came, didnt they?不定式，动名词，从句或词组itTo learn English well isnt easy, is it?Swimming is great fun, isnt it?the+ 形容词表示一类人复数代词The poor had no

10、right to speak at that time, didthey?there 引起的句子thereThere stands a house and a lot of trees, doesntthey?一、一、选择填空选择填空1.Jim is a driver,_?A. does heB. doesnt heC. is heD. isnt he2.You have a sports meeting every year,_?A. have youB. do youC. havent youD. dont you3. He has never watched such an import

11、antmatch , _ he?A. hasntB. hasC. isD. isnt4.They have to work at once,_ they?A. haveB. haventC. doD. dont5. She often feels tired,_ she?A. doesntB. doesC. isD. isnt6.-Thats wrong, isnt it?- _A. Yes, it is.B. Yes, it isnt.C. No, it is.D. Yes, it was.7. Lets take a short rest, _?A. do weB. arentweC. w

12、ill youD. shallwe8. Five-year-old children are too young to goto school, _ they?A. areB. arentC. wereD. have9. Hundreds of people lost their lives in theaccident,_ they?A. dontB. didntC. doD. did10.There isnt any bread on the table, _?A. isnt thereB. is thereC. has thereD. is it11. Mr King can not s

13、peak Chinese,_ he?A.doesntB. doesC. cantD. can12. Lily didnt come to school, did she?_. She was ill in bed.A.No ,she didB. Yes , she did.C. No ,she didnt.D. Yes ,she didnt13.-She isnt a teacher, is she?-_. She works in a hospital.A.No ,she isB. Yes , she is.C. No ,she isnt.D. Yes ,she isnt14.Lily lo

14、oks like Lucy,_?A. is LilyB. isnt sheC. does LillyD. doesnt she15.Tom often has lunch at school,_?A. doesnt TomB. doesnt heC. does TomD. doesnt he16. Your family has no colour TV_it?A. hasntB. doesntC.isD. has17.You could hardly believe what he hadsaid, _ you?A. couldB. couldntC. canD. were18. -You

15、dont smoke, do you?-_.A. Yes, I dontB. No, I doC. No, I dontD. Yes, I am.二、完成下列反意疑问句二、完成下列反意疑问句.1.You are late, _ _?2.He is on time,_ _?3.They were in the classroom just now，_ _?4.She was ten years old last year_?5. They are going hiking next Sunday，_ _?6.That cat is running up the tree.7.Ann is goi

16、ng to help me with my English8 There is some water in the bottle,_?9.There are many soldiers over there, _?10.He can skate, _ _?11.My parents can play chess,_ _?12. They will work on the farm，_?13. My parents will visit my grandparentsnext Monday，_ _?14. They have written nine books since 1995，_ _?1

17、5, The woman has already found her son. ，_ _?16. They have three balls,_?17. Jack has two sister,_?18.They have six classes every day， _?19.Tom has lunch at home,_ _?20.The students had a good time lastSunday,_ _?21. We have to finish it,_ _?22. The workers had to take the first bus,_?23. You had be

18、tter stay at home today,_ _?24.We clean our classroom every day，_ _?25. He watches TV on Saturday evening，_ _?26. The boys often play football on theplayground，_ _?27.The singers went to H.K yesterday，_ _?28.They studied hard last year,_?29.They planted many trees last month，_ _?30.This pen is yours

19、,_ _?31.That was a wonderful film,_ _?32.Everything is ready, _ _?33.There is nothing wrong with the radio,_34.He did little homework yesterday, _?35.Youd like some coffee,_?36.Lets have a rest, _ _?37.Let us read the text, _ _?38.Dont read in bed, _ _?39. Stop laughing,_ _?40. He has to go there at

20、 eight,_ _?41.He has never been to Beijing, _ _?42.She can hardly speak,_ _?43.Few people know her here_ _?44.His mother was unhappy when she heardthe news, _ _?45.She dislikes watching football match_?46.He used to swim in the river,_ _?47.I think your brother is right, _ _?48. I dont think he will

21、 go there,_ _?选择疑问句选择疑问句选择疑问句说话人对问题提出两个或两个以上的选项，让对方选择回答。其结构是一般疑问句或特殊疑问句+ or+选择部分，朗读时， 前面用升调， 最后一个选项用降调。回答时须选择回答，不能用 yes 或 no 回答。例如：1. -Would you like some coffee or tea?-I would like some coffee.2.- Is she going to stay in Beijing or inGuangzhou?-She is going to stay in Beijing.3.-Which is heavier,

22、a horse or a dog?-A horse is .一、把下列句子改为选择疑问句。1. He is a student. .( a teacher)_ he a student _ a teacher?2. He likes apples. (pears)3. They go to school by bike. (by bus)4.The boys went fishing yesterday. (wentswimming)5. He is writing. (reading)感叹句感叹句感叹句是表示喜、怒、哀、乐以及惊异等强烈的感情的句子。感叹句的构成：1. How +形容词或副词

23、+ 主语+ 谓语！Howbeautifulitis !形容词主语谓语Howfastheruns!副词主语谓语2 What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！What a beautifulfloweritis!形容词单数可数名词主语谓语What a good girl she is!What an interesting book it is.3.What +形容词+复数名词或不可数名词+主语+ 谓语！Whatcleverstudentstheyare!形容词 复数名词主语谓语！Whatfineweatheritis!形容词不可数名词主语谓语一、把下列句子改为感叹句。1The pre

24、sent is very nice.2. Its a very nice presents3. We have fine weather today.4. The girl is working hard.5. Tom did very well.6. He does his homework very carefully.7. The weather in Hainan is warm in winter.8. The bag is very heavy.9.She has very long legs20212021 年工作进行中，安排期刊可优惠年工作进行中，安排期刊可优惠省级，国家级省级

25、，国家级 G4G4 纯教育期刊，纯教育期刊，知网全文收录专利，著作出书，挂名知网全文收录专利，著作出书，挂名主编副主编，主编副主编，CIPCIP 可查国家级课题，可查国家级课题，知网可查国家级各类证书，正规官网知网可查国家级各类证书，正规官网可查可查普通话二甲三网可查普通话二甲三网可查王编辑手机：王编辑手机：1571319996215713199962 微信同号微信同号二、选择填空。1._wonderful world it is! I hope I canlive longer.A. What aB. How a C. What D. How2._ weather it is !A. Wha

26、t a fineB. How fineC. What fineD. How fine the3. _ exciting TV play it is !A. What aB. What anC. How aD. How4. _useful work they have done!A. What aB. WhatC. What anD. How5. _ nice shoes she is wearing!A. What aB. WhatC. How aD. How6._ beautiful garden it is !A. What aB. WhatC. How aD. How7._ nice p

27、icture you gave me!A. What aB. WhatC. How aD. How8._ fun we had that day.A. What aB. WhatC. How aD. How9._ delicious food !A. What aB. WhatC. How aD. How10._ good a student she is !A. What aB. WhatC. How aD. How(特殊句式： How+形容词形容词+a/an +单数可数名单数可数名词词+主语主语+ 谓语谓语!)形容词：形容词：一、形容词在句子中的作用及位置：一、形容词在句子中的作用及位置：

28、1. 作定语作定语。a.形容词作定语时一般放在它所修饰的词的前面;I have a good book.He is a strange man.b.形容词修饰不定代词(由 some, any, every,no+ thing, one, body 构成)时要放在不定代词之后;He has something important to tell you.There is nothing interesting in the book.c. enough修饰名词时可放在名词之前或之后; 修饰形容词、副词和动词时一定要放在这些词之后.They have enough money to buy the

29、 car.They have money enough to buy the car.The hole is large enough.d. else只作后置定语,修饰疑问代词 what,who, whom, whose和不定代词something,anything, nothing, somebody, anybodynobody 等;(else作副词时, 修饰疑问副词 when, where 等放在其后)What else can you do?Is there anyone else?e.形容词短语作定语时必须放在它所修饰的词的后面。All countries, big and smal

30、l, should beequal. 任何国家,无论大小,一律平等.f. 表示计量（长、宽、高、深）及年龄的形容词，应放在相应的名词之后。2. 作表语。作表语。在系动词和半系动词 feel（感到） ，look（看起来） ，sound（听起来） ，smell（闻起来） ，taste（尝起来） ，become（变成）get（变成） ，turn（变成） ，fall（变成）,seem(似乎，好象）后，用形容词作表语。He is young.I feel very tired.That sounds interesting.He falls ill.3. 作宾语补足语。作宾语补足语。You should

31、 keep your room every day.二、部分形容词只作定语或只作表语。二、部分形容词只作定语或只作表语。（英语中大部分形容词既可作定语也可作表语，但部分形容词只作定语或只作表语。1. 只能作表语的只能作表语的形容词形容词alone 独自的, afraid 害怕的, asleep 睡着的,awake 醒着的, alive 活者的, ill 生病的, well健康的，glad 高兴的，unable 不能的、不会的,frightened 害怕；2. 只能作定语的只能作定语的形容词形容词little 小 的 ,only 唯 一 的 ,wooden 木 质 的 ,woolen 羊毛质的,

32、elder 年长的和复合形容词English-speaking 说英语的,kind-hearted 善良的, man-made 人造的, take-away 可以带走的。三、貌似副词的形容词貌似副词的形容词下列单词词尾有 ly,但它们是形容词不是副词: lonely, friendly, lively, lovely四、有些动词的过去分词能当形容词使用有些动词的过去分词能当形容词使用，如：如：worried, surprised, excited, interested,broken, lost.五、一些常用形容词的辨析。五、一些常用形容词的辨析。alone 独自的,指形体上孤单一人。孤独的，

33、指精神上感到寂寞。ill 生病的, glad 高兴的,只能作表语，sick 生病的, happy 高兴的,既可作表语，也可作定语；well （形容词）健康的，只能作表语；（副词）好(地） ，作状语good 好（的） （形容词） ，作表语和定语。六、形容词的比较等级六、形容词的比较等级（一）比较等级的构成（一）比较等级的构成1单音节词和少数双音节词，在词尾+构成比较级，+ 构成最高级构成方法原级比较级最高级一般在词尾+er, esttallshorttallershortertallestshortest以不发音的 e结尾的+r, stnicelargenicerlargernicestlarg

34、est重读闭音节、词尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母再+er, estbigfatthinhotwetbiggerfatterthinnerhotterwetterbiggestfattestthinnesthottestwettest以辅音字母+y结尾的， 先把 y改为 i，再+er,estbusyhappydirtyheavybusierhappierdirtierheavierbusiesthappiestdirtiestheaviest2部分双音节词和多音节词，在其前面+more 构成比较级，+ most 构成最高级原级比较级最高级usefulcarefulimportantint

35、erestingdifficultdifferentdangerousmore usefulmore carefulmore importantmore interestingmore difficultmore differentmore dangerousmost usefulmost carefulmost importantmost interestingmost difficultmost differentmostdangerous3.有些词尾以 er, re, ow , le 结尾的少数双音节词+er, est原级比较级最高级clevernarrowsimplequietpoli

36、tecommoncleverernarrowersimplerquieterpolitercommonercleverestnarrowestsimplestquietestpolitestcommon4.某些单音节词在其前面+more 构成比较级，+ most 构成最高级，如：原级比较级最高级tiredpleasedmore tiredmore pleasedmost tiredmost pleasedrightrealgladmore rightmore realmore gladmore rightmore realmost glad不规则变化的比较级，最高级原级比较级最高级goodwe

37、llbadbadlyillmanymuchlittlefarbetterworsemorelessfartherbestworstmostleastfarthest（二）比较等级的用法（二）比较等级的用法1原级的常用句形结构原级的常用句形结构1） 。 甲甲 + be +as +原级原级+as +乙乙表示甲乙两者程度相同：I am as old as he2） 。 甲甲 + be +not+as/so +原级原级+as +乙乙表示甲不如乙 ：I am not as/so strong as he2. 比较级的常用句形结构比较级的常用句形结构(两者比较用比较级两者比较用比较级1）. 甲甲 + be

38、 +比较级比较级+ than +乙乙表示甲比乙I am older than he.2）甲甲 + be +数词数词+名词名词+比较级比较级+ than +乙乙表示甲比乙. I am two years older than he.3） 。 甲甲+ be + 比较级比较级 + than + any(other)+单数名词单数名词(+介词短语介词短语) 表示甲比任何一个人或物都, 如果甲在比较范围之内， 则用 “other” ， 否则， 不用 “other” 。He is taller than any other boy in his class.Shanghai is bigger than

39、any city in Australia.（上海不在澳大利亚）4). 甲甲+ be + the + 比较级比较级+of the two +表示“甲是两者中较的”Tom is the taller of the two boys.5). 比较级比较级+ and + 比较级比较级 表示越来越The weather is getting colder and colder.6). the+比较级比较级, the +比较级比较级 表示越越The more careful you are, the fewer mistakesyou take.7). 特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+be+比较级比较级+甲甲 o

40、r 乙乙?Which is heaviest, the horse or the sheep ?(比较级前可用 much, a little, a lot, far, even,any, still, no, a great deal 修饰.)3.最高级的常用句形结构最高级的常用句形结构1) 主语主语+be+the+最高级最高级+单数名词单数名词+of (群群体体)in (范围范围)短语短语表示是 中最的Li Lie is the best student of allLi Lie is the best student in his class2) 主语主语+be+one of the+最高

41、级最高级+ 复数名复数名词词+of (群体群体)in (范围范围)短语短语表示是 中最之一Li Lie is one of the best students of all .China is one of the oldest countries in theworld.3) 特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+be+the+最高级最高级+甲甲,乙乙 or 丙丙Which is the heaviest, the horse, the sheepor the elephant?(最高级前可有序数词修饰:Hainan Island is the second largest island inChina.s

42、econd(第二)不是 two(两个), 不要误用比较级)4.表示倍数的句形表示倍数的句形1) 甲甲 + be +倍数倍数+as +原级原级+as +乙乙The tree is twice as tall as that one.这棵树比那棵树高一倍或这棵树的高是那棵树的两倍2) 甲甲 + be +倍数倍数+比较级比较级+ than +乙乙The tree is twice taller than that one.这棵树比那棵树高两倍七、形容词的排列顺序：七、形容词的排列顺序：当名词由两个以上的形容词修饰时， 这些形容词的排列通常遵循以下规则：1）限定词，包括冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词

43、、名词所有格、数词等。2）表示观点的描绘性形容词，eg. fine ,beautiful, interesting3）表示大小、长短、高低及形状的形容词，eg. tall, high, round4）表示年龄、新、旧的形容词，eg. young,old, new5)表示颜色的形容词, red, black,6）表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词（名词）Japanese,American7）表示材料的形容词，如 stone, silk 等为了记忆此规则，特编一句话：限观形龄色国材。 （县官行令谢国才）This town has a fine old stone bridge.这座城镇有一座很不错的古老

44、的石桥。副词副词一、副词的定义：一、副词的定义：表示行为特征或性状特征的词叫副词。 副词用于修饰动词、形容词、其它副词或全句，说明时间、地点、程度、或方式等概念。二、副词的构成二、副词的构成（一）一些副词本身就是副词；now, here（二）一些副词由形容词词尾+ly 构成。careful- carefully; lucky-luckilyterrible- terriblytrue-trulypolite- politely（三）与名词或形容词同形的副词：today, tomorrow, late, fast.三、副词的分类三、副词的分类（一）时间副词now, today, tomorrow

45、, yesterday, before,ago ,just now, the day before yesterday, theday after tomorrow, early, late, then, soon ,immediately, still, already, just, yet（二）地点副词here, there, home, abroad, above, upstairs ,outside downstairs, everywhere, behind, back（三）方式副词hard, well, fast, badly, brightly, certainly,clearl

46、y, deeply, early, easily, especially,happily, loudly, luckily, nearly,noisily,politely, quickly, really, safely, slowly,strongly, suddenly, widely（四）频度副词always , usually, often, sometimes, ever, never,once, twice, three times a day/week,every day/week/ month/year, again and again,at times, now and t

47、hen, not any more, notany longer（五）程度副词quite, rather, very, much, very much, a lot ,a little, a bit, enough, hardly, almost（六）疑问副词（一般用于特殊疑问句）how, where, when, why（七）连接副词（引导主语、宾语或表语从句）how, where, when, why，whether（八）关系副词（引导定语从句）how, where, when, why四、副词的作用四、副词的作用（一）修饰动词，作状语。eg.He walked quietly into

48、his bedroom.（二）修饰形容词，作状语。Li lie is wearing a very beautiful coat.（三）修饰副词，作状语。You walk too slowly.（四） 作表语。 How long will she be away?（五）作定语。The people here are very kind to me.五、副词的位置五、副词的位置（一） 多数副词都可以放在它所修饰的动词后面，如果是及物动词，一般就放在宾语后面。Eg.She is jumping happily.The boy is doing his homework carefully.（二）时

49、间副词、地点副词和方式副词一般放在句末，如既有时间副词又有地点副词，则先地点后时间。He played football on the playgroundyesterday afternoon.（三）频度副词通常都放在 be 动词、情态动词、第一个助动词之后，行为动词之前。He always goes to school by bike.She is often late for school.（四）程度副词修饰动词时，与频度副词相似，修饰形容词或副词时，放在它所修饰的词的前面。但 enough, very much 除外。I dont quite agree with you.She is

50、 very beautiful.The hole is big enough.（放在所修饰的词之后）I like apples very much.（放在句末）（五）疑问副词放在特殊疑问句的句首，连接副词、关系副词通常放在从句的句首。Why are you often late for school?Can you tell me why you are often late forschool?（六）有少数副词在句中的位置非常灵活，常放在与它们关系密切的词前。如：even和 only。如:He can only answer the question.他只会回答这个问题。Only he ca