1、第九章第九章口语测试口语测试9.1.1 口语活动的特点口语活动的特点交互性(interactiveness)目的性（purposefulness）准语言性（para-linguistic features）非语言性（non-linguistic features）听力与口语的不可分割性（inseparability of listening from speaking）9.1.2 口语能力的构成Weir和Bygate认为口语能力有三种技能组成 uRoutine skills（常规技能） 指常用或典型的口头用语与传递信息方式指常用或典型的口头用语与传递信息方式uImprovisation ski
2、lls 只在交流过程中实现沟通的技能只在交流过程中实现沟通的技能（应变技能）uMicro linguistic skills（微语言技能）(口语能力的基础) 包括语音、语法和词汇知识包括语音、语法和词汇知识Routine skillsSkills to express greetings, introductions, thanks, apologies, regret, opinion, desires, complaints, advice, etc;Skills to narrate or describe events, objects, people, etc;Skills to e
3、licit directions, service, help, permission, etc.Improvisation skillsSkills to clarify and check on specific meanings;Skills to alter wording;Skills to correct mistaken interpretationsSkills to ensure adequate participation in the interaction, etc.9.2 9.2 如何编制口语测试卷如何编制口语测试卷1.1.考试规范考试规范 CHECKLIST Tes
4、t Purpose Test Domain(Theoretical Construct; Operations) Test Takers Test Content (Topics; Task types) Test Method Test Tasks and Item Types Test Organization and Weighting Time Duration Scoring Criteria Test Administration Test Development Chart 2.考试题型间接考试间接考试 ( (多项选择题多项选择题& &填空题）填空题）直接考试直接考试直接口试形式
5、直接口试形式：朗读-reading aloud看图说话 -picture talk简短说话 - short talk对话 - dialogue小组讨论 - group discussion面试型考试 - oral interview test9.3 How do we evaluate oral test?rating scales 评分标准评分标准rating reliability 评分信度评分信度Rating Scalesanalytic holistic scoring评分标准评分标准holistic scoring 整体评分法整体评分法analytic scoring分析评分法分析评分法Holistic Scoring 整体评分法整体评分法accuracyfluencyrangeappropriacyAnalytic Scoring 分析评分法分析评分法accuracyappropriacyrangeflexibilitysizeRating Reliability 评分信度口试需要人工评估，保证信度在于口试考官的质量。两种提高信度的方法：考官共同评分。提高考官自身的业务素质。Thank you!
