小学英语-名词种类及单复数变化ppt课件.ppt

1、What can money buy? 名词种类及单复数变化名词种类及单复数变化1What can money buy? What can money buy? Food? Food? House? House? Toys or clothes? Toys or clothes? More fun? More fun? Life?Life?2What can money buy?What can money buy? Victor HugoVictor HugoMoney can buy a bed but not sleep; Money can buy a bed but not slee

2、p; Book but not knowledge; Book but not knowledge; Food but not appetite; Food but not appetite; p,tat Finery but not beauty; Finery but not beauty; A house but not a home; A house but not a home; Medicine but not health; Medicine but not health; Luxuries but not culture; Luxuries but not culture; A

3、musements but not happiness; Amusements but not happiness; A passport to everywhere but not heaven.A passport to everywhere but not heaven. 3Money can buy a bed but not sleep; 钱能买到床，但买不到睡眠； Book but not knowledge;钱能买到书，但买不到知识； Food but not appetite; 钱能买到食品，但买不到胃口； Finery but not beauty; 钱能买到服饰，但买不到美

4、丽； A house but not a home;钱能买到房舍，但买不到家； Medicine but not health; 钱能买到药品，但买不到健康； Luxuries but not culture;钱能买到奢侈品，但买不到教养； Amusements but not happiness; 钱能买到娱乐，但买不到幸福； A passport to everywhere but not heaven.钱能买到护照走遍世界，但进不了天堂。 4What can money buy?What can money buy? Victor HugoVictor HugoMoney can buy

5、 Money can buy a bed a bed but not but not sleepsleep; ; Book but not knowledge; Book but not knowledge; FoodFood but not but not appetiteappetite; ; FineryFinery but not but not beautybeauty; ; A houseA house but not but not a homea home; ; MedicineMedicine but not but not healthhealth; ; LuxuriesL

6、uxuries but not but not cultureculture; ; AmusementsAmusements but not but not happinesshappiness; ; A passportA passport to everywhere but not to everywhere but not heaven.heaven. 56个体名词：个体名词： boy, girl, teacher, school, boy, girl, teacher, school, book, room, pen, pencil, desk, book, room, pen, pe

7、ncil, desk, appleapple 具体可见的，可以数出数量的个体。具体可见的，可以数出数量的个体。78抽象名词抽象名词 happiness, misery, difficulty, love, honesty, courage 不能看到的抽象概念。不能看到的抽象概念。9二二. . 名词种类与名词的数名词种类与名词的数1 1）所有的专有名词都是不可数名词。）所有的专有名词都是不可数名词。 2 2）个体名词通常都是可数的。）个体名词通常都是可数的。 3 3）集体名词和成双成对的名词永远用作复数。）集体名词和成双成对的名词永远用作复数。 people, police, trousers,

8、 glasses people, police, trousers, glasses 4 4）物质名词和抽象名词为不可数名词。）物质名词和抽象名词为不可数名词。10特殊情况：特殊情况：. .有些名词有些名词, ,如如: family, class, team: family, class, team等既可等既可 用作单数又可用作复数。用作单数又可用作复数。 当强调整体时，常用作单数；当强调整体时，常用作单数； 当强调整体中的各个成员时，常为复数。例：当强调整体中的各个成员时，常为复数。例： The family is quite big. The family is quite big. 这是

9、个大家庭。这是个大家庭。 The family are enjoying themselves in the The family are enjoying themselves in the park. park. 家里的每个人都玩得很高兴。家里的每个人都玩得很高兴。112 2）有些名词既可作可数名词也可作不可数）有些名词既可作可数名词也可作不可数 词，但词义有所不同。词，但词义有所不同。sand sand 沙沙 sands sands 沙滩沙滩 wood wood 木头木头 woods woods 森林森林 fish fish 鱼肉鱼肉 fish fish 鱼鱼 orange orange

10、 橙汁橙汁 an orangean orange桔子桔子 chicken chicken 鸡肉鸡肉 a chickena chicken小鸡小鸡 room room 空间、余地空间、余地a rooma room房间房间12三三. 可数名词复数变化规则可数名词复数变化规则1.1.一般情况在词尾加一般情况在词尾加-s-s，例如：，例如： bookbooksbookbooks，girlgirlsgirlgirls，boy boys boy boys pen pens, doctor doctors pen pens, doctor doctors 2.2.以以s s，x x，chch，shsh，结尾

11、的词加，结尾的词加-es-es，例如：，例如： busbusesbusbuses，boxboxesboxboxes， watchwatcheswatchwatches，brushbrushes brushbrushes 3.3.以以o o结尾的词加结尾的词加-es-es。例如。例如: : heroheroesheroheroes，potatopotatoes potatopotatoes 但词末为两个元音字母的词只加但词末为两个元音字母的词只加-s-s。例如：。例如： zoozooszoozoos，radioradios radioradios 缩写词也只加缩写词也只加-s-s，例如：，例如：

12、photophotosphotophotos13三三. 可数名词复数变化规则可数名词复数变化规则1.1.一般情况在词尾加一般情况在词尾加-s-s，例如：，例如： bookbooksbookbooks，girlgirlsgirlgirls，boy boys boy boys pen pens, doctor doctors pen pens, doctor doctors 2.2.以以s s，x x，chch，shsh，结尾的词加，结尾的词加-es-es，例如：，例如： busbusesbusbuses，boxboxesboxboxes， watchwatcheswatchwatches，bru

13、shbrushes brushbrushes 3.3.以以o o结尾的词加结尾的词加-es-es。例如。例如: : heroheroesheroheroes，potatopotatoes potatopotatoes 但词末为两个元音字母的词只加但词末为两个元音字母的词只加-s-s。例如：。例如： zoozooszoozoos，radioradios radioradios 缩写词也只加缩写词也只加-s-s，例如：，例如：photophotosphotophotos144. 4. 以以f f或或fefe结尾的词，多数变结尾的词，多数变f f为为v v，再加，再加-es-es，如：，如： kni

14、feknivesknifeknives，leafleaves, halfhalves leafleaves, halfhalves 5.5.以辅音母加以辅音母加y y结尾的词变结尾的词变“y y”为为“i i”，再加，再加-es,-es,如：如： citycities, factoryfactories citycities, factoryfactories 但注意：以元音字母加但注意：以元音字母加y y结尾的名词的复数形式只加结尾的名词的复数形式只加s s， 如：如：boyboys, daydays boyboys, daydays 6. 6. 不规则变化不规则变化 man-men, wo

15、man-women man-men, woman-women foot-feet, tooth-teeth foot-feet, tooth-teeth child-children, ox-oxenchild-children, ox-oxen，mouse-mice mouse-mice fish-fish, sheep-sheep, deer-deerfish-fish, sheep-sheep, deer-deer157.7.表示国籍名词单复数变化规律表示国籍名词单复数变化规律 ChineseChineseChineseChinese中国人中国人 JapaneseJapanese Jap

16、aneseJapanese 日本人日本人 FrenchmanFrenchmanFrenchmenFrenchmen法国人法国人 EnglishmanEnglishman EnglishmenEnglishmen 英国人英国人 GermanGerman GermansGermans德国人德国人 AmericanAmerican AmericansAmericans美国人美国人 EgyptianEgyptian EgyptiansEgyptians埃及人埃及人 RussianRussianRussiansRussians 俄国人俄国人 ItalianItalianItaliansItalians

17、意大利人意大利人16this that I you he / she / it am / is thesethoseweyoutheyare 单数单数 复数复数17不规则名词复数变化三不规则名词复数变化三this- that -I - me - you - he/she/it/- him/her/it-am/is-these thosewe us you they themare18句子单数变复数句子单数变复数1. This is a book. 2. That is an eraser.3. It is a red apple. 4. I am a boy.5. He / She is a

18、teacher.6. Whats this ? These are books.Those are erasers.They are red apples.We are boys.They are teachers.Whatre these ?19复数句子变单数句子复数句子变单数句子 These are These are dictionariesdictionaries. .单数单数一般疑问句一般疑问句, ,并作肯定回答并作肯定回答划线提问划线提问 This is a dictionary.Are these dictionaries ? Yes, they are.What are the

19、se ?20四四. . 不可数名词数量的表示不可数名词数量的表示1.1. ofof短语：短语：不能说不能说 one breadone bread，但是可以说：，但是可以说： one piece of bread one piece of bread two pieces of bread two pieces of bread 2. 2. 量词：量词： 1 1）只能用来修饰不可数名词：）只能用来修饰不可数名词： a littlea little，muchmuch，a bit of a bit of 2 2）既能用来修饰可数名词又能用来修饰不可数名）既能用来修饰可数名词又能用来修饰不可数名词：词

20、： some, a lot of, lots ofsome, a lot of, lots of 21四四. . 不可数名词数量的表示不可数名词数量的表示1.1. ofof短语：短语：不能说不能说 one breadone bread，但是可以说：，但是可以说： one piece of bread one piece of bread two pieces of bread two pieces of bread 2. 2. 量词：量词： 1 1）只能用来修饰不可数名词：）只能用来修饰不可数名词： a littlea little，muchmuch，a bit of a bit of 2 2

21、）既能用来修饰可数名词又能用来修饰不可数名）既能用来修饰可数名词又能用来修饰不可数名词：词： some, a lot of, lots ofsome, a lot of, lots of 22特别的的复数形式：特别的的复数形式：单复数同形：单复数同形： deer(鹿鹿); sheep(绵羊绵羊); people(人们人们); police(警察警察)注意：注意：fishes 指鱼的种类。指鱼的种类。不可数名词可量化：不可数名词可量化：数词数词+量词量词+of+不可数名词不可数名词two pieces of news /paper/work/bread/meat a bottle of milk

22、/water three bowls of rice ten cups of tea注意：注意： two papers： 两张试卷两张试卷 P7623名词的所有格：名词的所有格：1大多数表示生命的单数名词或不以大多数表示生命的单数名词或不以-S结尾的复数结尾的复数名词，直接加名词，直接加 s 如：如： 我哥哥的瓶子：我哥哥的瓶子：my brothers bottle; 我孩子们的玩具我孩子们的玩具 my childrens toys2共同拥有的：共同拥有的： Lucy and Lilys各自拥有的：各自拥有的： Lucys and Lilys注意：注意：不管单复数不管单复数,只要以只要以s 结

23、尾结尾,所有格形式在后所有格形式在后面直接加面直接加 即可即可。 如如 老师办公室老师办公室 the teachers office; 注意：注意：at Mr. Whites在怀特家在怀特家; at the doctors在医生在医生诊所。诊所。拓展：拓展： the +形容词表示一类人，谓语动词用复数形容词表示一类人，谓语动词用复数如：老人们很开心：如：老人们很开心：The old are very happy. the Whites 怀特一家人；怀特夫妇。怀特一家人；怀特夫妇。24无生命的名词的所有格的习惯表达：无生命的名词的所有格的习惯表达： 结构为结构为：of+名词名词 如：如： 房子的

24、门：房子的门：the door of the house 书的封面：书的封面：the cover of the book注意：有些习惯表达是这样的：注意：有些习惯表达是这样的： 今天的报纸：今天的报纸： todays newspaper 十个小时的工作十个小时的工作: ten hours work双重所有格：即双重所有格：即of +所有格所有格 我姐姐的一个朋友：我姐姐的一个朋友：a friend of my sisters我哥哥的两个儿子：我哥哥的两个儿子： two sons of my brothers我的一个朋友：我的一个朋友： a friend of mine注意：注意： a phot

25、o of my fathers (意为我父亲的照意为我父亲的照片有许多张，这是其中一张片有许多张，这是其中一张) a photo of my father (一张我父亲的照片，照片一张我父亲的照片，照片本人就是我父亲本人就是我父亲)25练习练习1. 1. What do you want? What do you want? I want_. I want_. A. piece of breadA. piece of breadB.two piece of bread B.two piece of bread C.a breadC.a breadD.some breadD.some bread

26、 2 ._is standing at the corner of the street. 2 ._is standing at the corner of the street. A. A policeA. A policeB.The police B.The police C. PoliceC. PoliceD.A policemanD.A policemanDD263. Can you see nine _ in the picture? 3. Can you see nine _ in the picture? A.sheep B.dog C.pig D.horse A.sheep B

27、.dog C.pig D.horse 4. The _ has two _. 4. The _ has two _. A.boys, watchesA.boys, watches B.boy, watch B.boy, watch C.boy, watchesC.boy, watchesD.boys,watch D.boys,watch 5. Both Marx and Engles were_. 5. Both Marx and Engles were_. A.German A.GermanB.Germans B.Germans C.GermanyC.Germany D.from Germa

28、nD.from German273. Can you see nine _ in the picture? 3. Can you see nine _ in the picture? A.sheepA.sheep B.dog C.pig D.horse B.dog C.pig D.horse 4. The _ has two _. 4. The _ has two _. A.boys, watchesA.boys, watches B.boy, watch B.boy, watch C.boy, watchesC.boy, watchesD.boys,watch D.boys,watch 5.

29、 Both Marx and Engles were_. 5. Both Marx and Engles were_. A.German A.GermanB.GermansB.Germans C.GermanyC.Germany D.from GermanD.from German286. Every morning before he leaves,6. Every morning before he leaves, his mother would put some _ in his bag. his mother would put some _ in his bag. A. orang

30、eA. orange B. oranges B. oranges 7. We all believe that our team _ the 7. We all believe that our team _ the strongest of all. strongest of all. A. isA. isB. areB. are29 A. orangeA. orange B. orangesB. oranges 7. We all believe that our team _ the 7. We all believe that our team _ the strongest of all. strongest of all. A. isA. isB. areB. are6. Every morning before he leaves,6. Every morning before he leaves, his mother would put some _ in his bag. his mother would put some _ in his bag. 30Have a nice day!31