英语四级阅读理解.ppt课件.ppt

1、不要认为英语阅读差是由于不懂原文。英语阅读考查的是基本逻辑思维能力。常识在英语阅读中也能帮助我们解题仔细阅读最重要的三项能力：1 提取信息在文章中迅速而有效地找到每道题目的题干所针对的部分这些部分能够帮助我们提取信息：（1）转折 （2）比较 （3）因果 （4）关键词2整合信息整理合并信息 根据不同的题型来对信息进行整合四级常见的题型有：（1）细节题 （2）词意题 （3）态度题 （4）主旨题 文章或某一段的主旨 （5）推理题 （6）例证题 说明，论证了什么 （7）实验题 实验的目的，结果3 逻辑比较把题干与原文的关系弄解题的主要步骤：1 扫描题干关键词关键词的基本要求：名词 专有名词最有可能成为

2、关键词2 浏览原文做标记3 逻辑比较得答案 考点：1 转折比较处转折句或者是转折关系常常是文章内容的强调处，是作者表达观点或者是陈述事物的关键地方。一般而言，转折后的内容是语义的重点，因为转折后面的内容是作者的真实意图所在，所以命题者常常对转折处的内容进行提问。转折一般通过however，but, yet, in fact 等词或短语引导例： Although a strong pound and weak markets in Asia play a role in the downsizing, the layoffs in Stoke have their roots in earths

3、haking social shifts. A spokesman for Royal Doulton admitted that the company “has been somewhat slow in catching up with the trend” toward casual dining. Families eat together less often, he explained, and more people eat alone, either because they are single or they eat in front of television.34.

4、The main cause of the layoffs in the pottery industry is _. A) the increased value of the pound B) the economic recession in Asia C) the change in peoples way of life D) the fierce competition at home and abroad例： Although a strong pound and weak markets in Asia play a role in the downsizing, the la

5、yoffs in Stoke have their roots in earthshaking social shifts. A spokesman for Royal Doulton admitted that the company “has been somewhat slow in catching up with the trend” toward casual dining. Families eat together less often, he explained, and more people eat alone, either because they are singl

6、e or they eat in front of television.开头第一句话涵盖了很多信息。Although a strong pound and weak markets in Asia play a role in the downsizing, the layoffs in Stoke have their roots in earthshaking social shifts虽然英镑强势和亚洲市场萎靡是规模缩水的一个原因，但裁员的根源还在于剧烈的社会变迁。例： Although a strong pound and weak markets in Asia play a ro

7、le in the downsizing, the layoffs in Stoke have their roots in earthshaking social shifts. A spokesman for Royal Doulton admitted that the company “has been somewhat slow in catching up with the trend” toward casual dining. Families eat together less often, he explained, and more people eat alone, e

8、ither because they are single or they eat in front of television.34. The main cause of the layoffs in the pottery industry is _. A) the increased value of the pound B) the economic recession in Asia C) the change in peoples way of life D) the fierce competition at home and abroadp考点：2 举例处句中常用as, suc

9、h as, for example, for instance, takeas an example等引导的短语或句子作为例证。例： Hancock hopes his research will help companies work out the best ways for their employees to communicate. For instance, the phone might be the best medium for sales where employees are encouraged to stretch the truth（夸大事实,言过其实）. But

10、given his results, work assessment, where honesty is a priority, might be best done using email.这是一篇讲述交流途径与说谎频度的关这是一篇讲述交流途径与说谎频度的关系的文章。系的文章。It can be inferred from the passage that_A.honesty should be encouraged in interpersonal communicationsB.more employers will use emails to communicate with thei

11、r employersC.Suitable media should be chosen for different communication purposesD.Email is now the dominant medium of communication within a company例： Hancock hopes his research will help companies work out the best ways for their employees to communicate. For instance, the phone might be the best

12、medium for sales where employees are encouraged to stretch the truth（夸大事实,言过其实）. But given his results, work assessment, where honesty is a priority, might be best done using email.A.在人际交流中应该鼓励诚实。在人际交流中应该鼓励诚实。从最后一段来看，从最后一段来看，作者鼓励在销售时使用电话以便更能夸大其词，由作者鼓励在销售时使用电话以便更能夸大其词，由此可以看出作者是不看中诚实与否的问题的。此可以看出作者是不看中

13、诚实与否的问题的。It can be inferred from the passage that_A.honesty should be encouraged in interpersonal communicationsB.more employers will use emails to communicate with their employersC.Suitable media should be chosen for different communication purposesD.Email is now the dominant medium of communicatio

14、n within a company例： Hancock hopes his research will help companies work out the best ways for their employees to communicate. For instance, the phone might be the best medium for sales where employees are encouraged to stretch the truth（夸大事实,言过其实）. But given his results, work assessment, where hone

15、sty is a priority, might be best done using email.B 更多雇主会使用电子邮件与员工交流。更多雇主会使用电子邮件与员工交流。最后一段最后一段Hancock举的第二个例子是鼓励人们使用电子邮件举的第二个例子是鼓励人们使用电子邮件的的.但这一建议不是要求雇主们使用电子邮件，而是但这一建议不是要求雇主们使用电子邮件，而是要求雇员们使用要求雇员们使用。It can be inferred from the passage that_A.honesty should be encouraged in interpersonal communications

16、B.more employers will use emails to communicate with their employersC.Suitable media should be chosen for different communication purposesD.Email is now the dominant medium of communication within a company例： Hancock hopes his research will help companies work out the best ways for their employees t

17、o communicate. For instance, the phone might be the best medium for sales where employees are encouraged to stretch the truth（夸大事实,言过其实）. But given his results, work assessment, where honesty is a priority, might be best done using email.C，应针对不同的交流目的，采取合适的媒介。，应针对不同的交流目的，采取合适的媒介。文章文章最后举了情况不同的两个例子，每个例

18、子适宜使用最后举了情况不同的两个例子，每个例子适宜使用的媒介也不同。这说明在特定情况下，应选用特定的媒介也不同。这说明在特定情况下，应选用特定的 交 流 媒 介 ， 与的 交 流 媒 介 ， 与 C 的 说 法 一 致 。的 说 法 一 致 。It can be inferred from the passage that_A.honesty should be encouraged in interpersonal communicationsB.more employers will use emails to communicate with their employersC.Suita

19、ble media should be chosen for different communication purposesD.Email is now the dominant medium of communication within a company例： Hancock hopes his research will help companies work out the best ways for their employees to communicate. For instance, the phone might be the best medium for sales w

20、here employees are encouraged to stretch the truth（夸大事实,言过其实）. But given his results, work assessment, where honesty is a priority, might be best done using email.D，电子邮件目前是公司内主要交流媒介。，电子邮件目前是公司内主要交流媒介。文中没有文中没有提到这一点。提到这一点。 It can be inferred from the passage that_A.honesty should be encouraged in inte

21、rpersonal communicationsB.more employers will use emails to communicate with their employersC.Suitable media should be chosen for different communication purposesD.Email is now the dominant medium of communication within a companyn3 因果关系处 给出原因推断结果，或给出结果推断原因n例：Then there is the general, all covering

22、apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act that was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person who is apologizing should promise never to do again. Saying “Im useless as a parent” does not commit a person to any specific improvement.It is not advisable to use the

23、general, all-covering apology because_. A)it gets one into the habit of making empty promises B)it may make the other person feel guilty C)it is vague and ineffective D)it is hurtful and insultingn例：Then there is the general, all covering apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific

24、 act that was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person who is apologizing should promise never to do again. Then there is the general, all covering apology=which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act= and which the person should promise never to do again= that was particu

25、larly hurtful or insulting= Who is apologizing分解为以下几个句子：1.Then there is the general, all covering apology然后就有了一种一般意义的、无所不包的道歉2.Which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act这种道歉避免了一种指明特别行为的必要性3.That was particularly hurtful or insulting3特别是让人伤心或者令人委屈的行为4.And which the person这种道歉使得人们5.Who i

26、s apologizing.道歉的人们6.Should promise never to do again承诺以后不再犯类似的行为n例：Then there is the general, all covering apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act that was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person who is apologizing should promise never to do again. n然后还有一种泛

27、泛的无所不包的道歉，这种道歉避免了一种指明特别让人伤心、特别令人委屈的、道歉者应该保证以后不会再犯的具体行为。n例：Then there is the general, all covering apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act that was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person who is apologizing should promise never to do again. Saying “Im useless

28、 as a parent” does not commit a person to any specific improvement. n说“作为父亲我真没有用”是不能对孩子形成具体的指导。It is not advisable to use the general, all-covering apology because_. A)it gets one into the habit of making empty promises B)it may make the other person feel guilty C)it is vague and ineffective D)it is

29、 hurtful and insulting4 主题句处文章或段落的主旨常以主题句的形式出现，一般位于篇章的开头或篇末注意事项：1） 看似合理的选项不是答案，看似不合理的选项是答案例：Advertisements showed pictures of the beautiful scenery that could be enjoyed along some of the more famous western routes and emphasized the romantic names of some of these trains (Empire Builder, etc.). The

30、se ads were strategically placed among family-oriented TV shows and programs involving nature and America in order to most effectively reach target audiences. Results were impressive. The Empire Builder, which was focused on in one ad, enjoyed a 15 percent increase in profits on its Chicago to Seatt

31、le route.According to the passage, the Empire Builder enjoyed an increase in ridership and profits because _. A) the attractiveness of its name and route was effectively advertised B) it provided an exciting travel experience C) its passengers could enjoy the great western outdoors D) it was widely advertised in newspapers and magazines in Chicago and Seattle2）照抄原文的不是答案，和原文作同义替换的选项是答案