1、几种基本的上转换过程一.双光子吸收二.激发态吸收几种基本的上转换过程三.能量共振传递几种基本的上转换过程四.光子雪崩几种基本的上转换过程五.其他合作敏化合作发光几种基本的上转换过程In order to observe bimolecular quenching of the triplet excited state of the sensitizer the triplet acceptor energy must be lower than the triplet energy of the sensitizer. The greater the energy difference be
2、tween the triplet sensitizer and triplet acceptor, the greater the driving force for this reaction and generally speaking, the more favorable the triplet energy transfer process. It is also advantageous to use acceptors/annihilators with near unity fluorescence quantum yields since this value ultima
3、tely contributes to the overall upconversion quantum efficiency. The sensitizer (donor) molecule is chosen so that its singlet excited state lies below that of the acceptors singlet manifold while the sensitizers triplet state lies above that of the acceptor. In essence, the singlet and triplet exci
4、ted states of the sensitizer should be strategically nested between the singlet and triplet excited states of the acceptor/annihilator. As long as these specific energy criteria are met and the combined triplet energy from two acceptor molecules is greater than or equal to the acceptors singlet stat
5、e energy, then conditions are appropriate for the observation of upconverted fluorescence from the sample TTET-TTA过程镧系三价离子能级图实例（1） Yb/Er, Yb/TmJournal of Alloy and Compounds Volume 509,Issue 5, 10 February 2011 实例（1）Yb/Er, Yb/Tm 实例（2）Yb/Ho/Ce, Yb/Ho实例（2）Yb/Ho/Ce, Yb/Ho实例(3) Gd() 的能量传递实例（4）Mn()的参与实例（4）Mn的参与实例（4）Mn的参与未完待续。
