1、七年级英语下册各单元重点短语语法知识及例题第第一单一单元元Can you play the guitar 重点短语重点短语1. play chess 下国际象棋 2. play the guitar 弹吉他 3. speak English 说英语4. English club 英语俱乐部 5. talk to 跟说 6. play the violin 拉小提琴7. play the piano 弹钢琴 8. play the drums 敲鼓 9. make friends 结交朋友10. do kung fu 练 (中国) 功夫 11. tell stories 讲故事 12. play
2、 games 做游戏13. on the weekend/on weekends 在周末第第一单元一单元 重点语法重点语法 1.can+动词原形,它不随主语和数而变化。 (1)含有can的肯定句:主语+can+谓语动词的原形+其他。如:I can play the piano. (2)变一般疑问句时,把can提前:Can+主语+动词原形+其他? 如:Can you paly the piano? 肯定回答:Yes,主语+can。否定回答:No,主语+cant. 如: Yes,I can. / No I cant. (3)含有can的否定句:主语+cant+动词的原形+其他。 如:I cant
3、play the piano (4)含有can的特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+can+主语+动词原形+其他?如:What can you do?/ What can he do?第第一单元一单元 重点语法重点语法2. Talk , tell ,say , speak 的区别(1)Speak“说”或“讲”不强调说话内容.用作不及物动词时,侧重指说话的动作而非内容,可指长篇演讲或三言两语的交谈,也可指简单的开口说话的能力;用作及物动词时,其宾语常为某种语言。 speak to sb. 同某人说话 speak Chinese说汉语吗(2)Talk谈论某事, 强调双方“交谈”和 speak 一样,强调说话的
4、动作而非内容talk about / to / with和某人谈论某事 (3)Say“说出”“说过”侧重内容。 Say something to somebody 和某人说某事(4)Tell“讲述”“告诉”,指直接给某人讲述或以间接的方式转述某事3、play+球、棋、牌;play + the+乐器。 4、擅长于(做)什么:be good at +名词/动ing5、 be good with sb. 和某人相处地好 6、帮助某人做某事:help sb. (to ) do sth. help sb. with sth.need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事7、also , too
5、,either“也” 区别第二单元第二单元What time do you go to school 重点短重点短语语1. what time 几点 2. go to school 去上学 3. get up 起床 4. take a shower 洗淋浴 5. brush teeth 刷牙 6. get to 到达 7. do homework 做家庭作业 8. go to work 去上班 9. go home 回家 10. eat breakfast 吃早饭 11. get dressed 穿上衣服 12. get home 到家 13. eitheror 要么要么 14. go to
6、bed 上床睡觉 15. in the morning/ afternoon/ evening 在上午/下午/晚上16. take a walk 散步 17. lots of=a lot of 许多,大量 18. radio station 广播电台19. at night 在晚上 20. be late for=arrive late for 迟到第二单第二单元元重重点语法点语法1.what time和when引导的特殊疑问句。(1)对时间提问用what time,也可以用when。询问钟点时用what time,询问日期、月份、年份时用when。(2)询问做某事的时间时,两者可以互换。 (
7、3)其他询问时间的句子:Whats the time? =What time is it?现在几点了? 时刻表达法:顺读法和逆读法。(1)顺读法:“钟点+分钟”直接读数字。(2)逆读法:借助介词past或to表示,要先说分再说钟点。A.当分钟不超过30分钟时(包括30分钟),即30,用to表示。其结构为:“所差分钟(即60所过分钟数)+to+下一个整点”,to译成“差”,差几分钟到几点。C.当分钟为30分钟用half表示,当分钟为15分钟用a quarter。第二单第二单元元 重点语法重点语法2. always 总是usually 通常often常常sometime 有时 3. Watch+T
8、V、球赛 “观看,观赏”,特指长时间注视。See+电影、医生 “看见”,强调看的结果 see a film。Look “看”,强调看的动作,look后接宾语时要用介词at。Read+书刊、杂志 “阅读”4. listen to +宾语 5.Go to +地点名词 如:go to school go+地点副词 如:go home第三单元第三单元How do you get to school 重点短语重点短语1. get to school 到达学校 2. take the subway 乘地铁 3. ride a bike 骑自行车 4. how far 多远 5. from home to
9、school 从家到学校 6. every day 每天7. take the bus 乘公共汽车 8. by bike 骑自行车 9. bus stop 公共汽车站 10. think of 认为 11. between and 在和之间 12. one 11-year-old boy 一个11岁的男孩 13. play with 和玩 14. come true 实现 15. have to 不得不第三单第三单元元 重点语法重点语法1.take +a/an/the+表示交通工具的名词,乘去某地,是动词短语,在句中作谓语。He takes the train. take the subway
10、乘地铁 take a walk散步 take a shower洗个澡take a rest休息一会 take a seat 坐下 take some medicine 吃药第三单第三单元元 重重点语法点语法2.by+表示交通工具的单数名词或on/in+ a/an/the/ones+表示交通工具的单数名词,是介词短语作方式状语。I get to school by bike. = I get to school on my bike. 3.walk/ride/drive/fly+to+地点名词,步行/骑自行车/开车/坐飞机去某地表示乘交通工具方式可以互换表达相同的意义:Take the bus
11、to school=go to school by bus=go to school on a busDrive a car to work=go to work by car=go to work in a car Fly to shanghai=go to shanghai by plane/air=take the/a plane to shanghai=go to shanghai on a/an/the plane. 4.get表示“到达”,后接名词需加to,接地点副词不加to.reach 给示到达,是及物动词,其后直接接宾语。arrive in+大地点 arrive at +小地点
12、 后接副词不需介词。第三单第三单元元 重重点语法点语法5. It takes sb. some money/time to do sth.花费某人多少时间/钱做某事Sb. pay some money for sth. 某人为某物花费多少钱Sb. spend some time/money on sth. 某人在做某事或某物上花费时间/钱Sb. spend some time/ money (in)doing sth. Sth. cost sb. some money 某物花费某人多少钱 6. How far is it from A to B?=How far is B from A?答语有
13、两种:Itsmeters/miles/kilometers(away)有米/英里/千米(远)It s about ten minutes walk/ ride. 大约有十分钟步行/骑车的路程。 7. have to 后加动词原形,侧重客观的需要,有“不得不,被迫”之意,有多种时态形式,否定式为dont have to(needt)意为“不必”。Must 侧重于说话者的主观看法,认为有必要或有义务做某事,只有现在时一种形式,否定式mustt意为“一定不要,不允许,禁止”反意词为“neednt”。第三单第三单元元 重点语法重点语法8.感谢用语:Thank you very much , Thank
14、s a lot , Many thanks.回答感谢用语的句子:Thats ok /all right. 不用谢。You are welcome 不客气。 It is my pleasure./My pleasure./It is a pleasure.不客气、那是我的荣幸。/Dont mention it。别在意。 It was nothing at all.那没什么。第第四四单元单元Dont eat in class 重点短语重点短语1. on time 准时,按时 2. listen to 听3. in class 在课上 4. be late for 做迟到5. have to 不得不
15、 6. be quiet 安静7. go out 外出 8. do the dishes 清洗餐具9. make breakfast 做早饭 10. make (ones) bed 铺床11. be noisy 吵闹 12. keep ones hair short 留短发13. play with sb. 和某人一起玩 14. play the piano 弹钢琴15. have fun 玩得高兴 16. make rules 制订规则 第四单第四单元元 重点语法重点语法1、祈使句肯定的祈使句:(1) 实义动词原形+其他; (2) be动词原形+形容词+其他; (3) Let sb do s
16、th. 否定的祈使句:(1) Dont+实义动词+原形; (2) Dont be+形容词+其他;(3) Dont let sb do sth (4) No+Ving.2. 不要迟到:Dont arrive late. = Dont be late. (arrive = be)上课/上学不要迟到:Dont arrive (be) late for class/school.第四单第四单元元 重重点语法点语法 3. 主语省略(无主语):Dont arrive late for class.主语不省略(有主语):We cant arrive ;ate for class. 4. 在学校我们必须穿校服
17、:We have to wear uniforms at school.句型:不得不/必须做某事:have to do sth否定:不必做某事:dont have to do sth穿校服:单数:wear a uniform 复数:wear uniforms 5. 在我家里有太多的规矩:I have too many rules in my house.词组:太多:too many6. (1) with 和; 如:He lives in Beijing with my parents. (不能用and)(2) with 戴着; 如:Do you know the fat man with a
18、hat? (不能用wears) (3) with 有着; 如:Its an old house with a beautiful garden. (不能用has)第四单第四单元元 重重点语法点语法7. 不要大声说话:Dont talk loudly.请大声说:Speak loudly, please. 8. 他擅长于唱歌:He is good at singing.句型:擅长于做某事:be good at doing sth 9. 表示“地点”的词组:(1) 在教室里:in the classroom 在课堂上:in class(2) 在走廊上:in the hallways 在学校里:at
19、school = in school 10. 表示“时间”的词组:(1) 下课后:after class 放学后:after school(2) 在上学的白天/晚上:on school days/nights 比较:at night(3) 到晚上10点钟之前:by 10 oclock p.m.第五单元第五单元Why do you like pandas 重点短语重点短语1. kind of 有几分,有点儿 2. be from / come from 来自于3. South Africa 南非 4. all day 整天5. for a long time 很长时间 6. get lost 迷
20、路7. places with food and water 有食物和水的地方 8. cut down 砍倒 9. in (great) danger 处于(极大)危险之中 10. twelve years old 十二岁 11. things made of ivory 由象牙制成的东西第五单第五单元元 重重点语法点语法1.句型:让某人做某事:let sb do sth 让我们先去看考拉。- Lets see the koalas first. (first翻译为“首先”)你为什么最喜欢考拉?- Why do you like koalas best? (best翻译为“最”) -因为它们很
21、可爱。- Because they are very cute.2. 你为什么不喜欢老虎?- Why dont you like tigers?-因为它们有点吓人。- Because they are kind of scary. 在此处,表示“不”,只要在do后加not即可。 有点:kind of+形容词 = a little+形容词 3. 你还喜欢别的什么动物? What other animals do you like? (后有animals, other不加s)你喜欢和别的年轻人工作吗? Do you like to work with other young people? 4.
22、他是一个8岁的男孩:He is an 8-year-old boy. (后有名词boy, 用连字符,year用原形)他8岁:He is 8 years old. (后无名词boy, 不用连字符,岁数大于1,year变复数)第五单第五单元元 重重点语法点语法5. 请保持安静:Please be quiet. = Please keep quiet. (keep译为“保持”,= be) 6. 他每天通常睡和放松20个小时:He usually sleeps and relaxes 20 hours every day.每天:every day (要分开) 连在一起的everyday翻译为“日常的”
23、,是个形容词。 7. 和某人玩:play with sb (倒翻) 8. 在白天:during the day = in the day 在此处,during = in 9. 在晚上:at night = in the evening 在上学的晚上/白天:on school nights/days 10. 吃草:eat grass 吃叶子:eat leaves (leaf的复数形式) 吃肉:eat meat 11. 相似单词比较:(1) 草:grass (不可数,无复数) (2) 玻璃:glass 复数:glasses 眼镜第五单第五单元元 重重点语法点语法13. (1) first num.
24、 第一; 如:Sunday is the first day of a week.(2)first adv. 首先;首先:at first 如:Lets see the koalas first. 14. (1) best adv. 最; 如:Why do you like koalas best?(2) best adj. 最好的; 如:Who do you think is the best teacher in your class? 15. (1) very adv. 非常(放在形容词前); 如:The koalas are very cute.(2) very much 非常(放在动
25、词后); 如:Thank you very much. 16. (1) kind(s) of n. 种类; 如:There are many kinds of anmals in the zoo.(2) kind of = a little adv. 有点;(无形式变化) 如:He is kind of lazy.(3) kind adj. 和蔼的,友善的; 如:Its kind of you to help me with my English. 17. 树叶:leaf 复数:leaves 变化规则:去f加ves; 18. 小偷:thief 复数:thieves 变化规则:去f加ves.第六
26、单元第六单元Im watching TV 重点短语重点短语1. watch TV 看电视 2. read a newspaper 看报纸3. talk on the phone 通过电话交谈 4. listen to music 听音乐5. use the computer 使用电脑 6. make soup做汤7. wash the dishes 洗餐具 8. kind of 有点儿第六单第六单元元 重点语法重点语法1. 现在进行时的结构:主语+be+Ving. (be动词和动词+ing两者缺一不可)考题形式:(1) 已知be动词,考后面的动词形式(要加ing);(2) 已知后面的动词+in
27、g, 则前面用be动词。如:(1) The boy is _ (run) with his father.(2) Some children are _ (lie) on the grass.(3) My brother and I are _ (play) soccer.(4) His sister is _ (read) a book. 2. -你正在做什么?- What are you doing? -我正在看电视。- Im watching TV.3. 那听起来很棒:That sounds great/good.第六单第六单元元 重重点语法点语法 4. 谢谢你的信和照片:Thanks
28、for your letter and the photos. 谢谢某东西:Thanks for sth 句型:谢谢做某事:Thanks for doing sth5. 这是我的一些照片:Here are some of my photos. (“一些照片”是“复数”,be用are)这是我的一张全家福照片:Here is a photo of my family. (“一张照片”是“单数”,be用is) 6. 句型:忙于做某事:be busy doing sth如:His brother is busy _ (write) stories in his room. 7. 表示“活动”的“动词词
29、组” 做家庭作业:do ones homework 打扫房间:clean the room 吃晚饭:eat dinner 打电话:talk on the phone = make a telephone call 看书/看报/看杂志:read books, read newspapers, read magazines (学生)上课:have an English class (老师)上课:give an English class 举行晚会:have an evening party 和某人说再见:say goodbye to sb第六单第六单元元 重点语法重点语法8. 在购物中心:at t
30、he mall 在游泳池:at the (swimming) pool在学校:at school 在体育馆里:in the gym 9. 在第一张照片中:in the first photo 在第二张照片中:in the second photo在下一张照片中:in the next photo 在最后一张照片中:in the last photo 10. 等汽车:wait for the bus 在汽车站等(某人):wait (for sb) at the bus stop 11. 我的兄弟和我:my brother and I (要把“我”放在后面)第六单第六单元元 重重点语法点语法12.
31、 (身体)好,健康:well = fine 如:- How is your mother? - She is _. 13. 活动:activity 复数:activities (以辅音字母+y结尾的,去y加ies)玩具:toy 复数:toys (以元音字母+y结尾的,直接加s) 14. (1) 也:also 用于“肯定句的句中”;(2) 也:too 用于“肯定句的句末,前加逗号”;(3) 也:either 用于“否定句的句末,前加逗号”。 15. (1) show n. 节目;如:TV show, sports show, game show, talk show(2) show v. 给看;如:Can you show me your family photo? Ill show you the way.(3) show v. 表演;如: I will have a show in the library this evening.
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