Unit 1 Grammar and usage 教学ppt课件 （2020）新牛津译林版高中英语必修第二册.pptx

1、v To explore the rules of subject-verb agreementv To summarize general rules of subject-verb agreementv To apply the rules by doing some exercisesBelow is an introduction Laura gave to her class about The Jungle Book. Pay attention to the underlined subjects and verbs and fill in the table below. Th

2、e first two have been done for you.Subject-verb agreementEveryone was surprised when Disney said its film team members were remaking The Jungle Book. Based on Rudyard Kiplings book of the same title, it describes the story of a boy named Mowgli. Mowgli and his animal friends live happily in the jung

3、le until one day Shere Khan the tiger returns and tries to drive him out of the jungle. In 1967, Disney adapted the book into a cartoon film, which is widely regarded as a classic. However, its old age shows. The new film uses much more advanced technologynot only the animals but also the jungle is

4、digitally created. n. 丛林，密林丛林，密林n. 名称，标题名称，标题vt. 改编，改写改编，改写vt. 将将认为认为n. 经典作品经典作品Building the jungle environment on the computer was no easy job. It took more than 800 artists over a year to work on the project. The Jungle Book lasts for about two hours but there is enough tension and humour to hold

5、your attention duringthe whole film. Two hours seems very short when youre having so much fun! After reading, answer the two questions and then complete the table.1. Whose book are the two films based on? They are based on Rudyard Kiplings book of the same title: The Jungle Book.2. Whats the biggest

6、 difference between the old film and the new one? The new film uses much more advanced technology not only the animals but also the jungle is digitally created.Subject + Singular verbSubject + Plural verbEveryone wasIts film team members wereits old age showsThe new film usesnot only the animals but

7、 also the jungle isBuilding the jungle environment on the computer wasThe Jungle Book laststhere is enough tension and humorTwo hours seemsMowgli and his animal friends liveWorking out the rulesIn English grammar, subject-verb agreement is the correspondence of a verb with its subject in person (fir

8、st, second, or third) and number (singular or plural). It is also known as subject-verb concord. A singular subject needs a singular verb, and a plural subject needs a plural verb. Subject-verb agreement means choosing the correct singular or plural verb according to the (1) _.subject The verb shoul

9、d be singular if the subject is (2) _; The verb should be plural if the subject is (3) _.*You can choose more than one answer for each blank.a, c, d, e, g, hb, fa a singular nounb a plural nounc an uncountable nound a book/film titlee a verb-ing formf a phrase of two or more words linked by and, ref

10、erring to two or more objects or peopleg a pronoun like everyoneh a phrase of measurement like two hours When not only but also is used as the subject of a sentence, or there be is followed by two or more nouns as the subject of a sentence, the verb agrees with the noun closest to it. Such paired co

11、njunctions include: eitheror; neithernor; notbut eg Not his parents but she doesnt want to go there. Neither you nor I am right. Not only the students but also the teacher likes this holiday. There is a pen and several pencils in the box.eg The family have all gone their separate ways.The whole fami

12、ly is celebrating the holidays at home this year. Collective nouns such as family, choir, team, group, can be treated as either singular or plural when used as the subjects. If they refer to all the members, a plural verb should be followed. But if they refer to the team as a whole entity, a singula

13、r verb should be used. A verb-ing form or an infinitive (to do sth), often referring to a thing, takes a singular verb. eg Smoking / To smoke is a bad habit. A unit of measurement of time, distance, money, weight often uses a singular verb.eg Fifteen dollars is the price of that shirt. Two hundred y

14、ards is a long way to crawl. In most sentences, the subject comes before the verb. However, in some cases, the subject follows the verb, and subject-verb agreement needs special attention.eg Over the building flies a solitary flag. Over the building fly several flags. 主谓一致是指句子主谓一致是指句子主语和谓语主语和谓语在在“人称

15、人称”和和“数数”方面保持一致。方面保持一致。1 谓语动词常用谓语动词常用单数单数形式的情况形式的情况 (1) 可数名词单数或不可数名词作主语可数名词单数或不可数名词作主语。如：。如： My brother likes sports. Water boils at 100C. (2) 非谓语动词或从句作主语非谓语动词或从句作主语。如：。如： Learning English is fun. What I want is an interesting book.(3) 表示表示时间、金钱、度量时间、金钱、度量等概念的名词作主等概念的名词作主语。如：语。如： Three days is enoug

16、h. One hundred dollars is a lot of money to me.2 谓语动词常用谓语动词常用复数形式复数形式的情况的情况(1) 可数名词复数作主语。如：可数名词复数作主语。如： Libraries are important places. (2) 具有具有复数意义的名词复数意义的名词（如（如 people、police 等）作主语。如：等）作主语。如： Many people like pets. The police are there to keep order. 注意注意：people 意为意为“民族民族”时是可数名词，时是可数名词，有单数形式。如：有单数

17、形式。如： The Chinese are a great people. (3) “the + 形容词形容词”结构作主语结构作主语，表示某个群，表示某个群体。如：体。如： The rich often help the poor.3 其他情况其他情况 (1) 集体名词（集体名词（collective noun）作主语，谓语）作主语，谓语动词的单复数要视集体名词表达动词的单复数要视集体名词表达的概念的概念而而定。集体名词是表示定。集体名词是表示“一群人一群人”或或“一些一些事物事物”的名词，如的名词，如 family、team、 group 等。集体名词表示一个等。集体名词表示一个整体时整体时

18、，谓语动词，谓语动词用用单数形式单数形式；表示；表示组成集体的组成集体的成员成员时，谓时，谓语动词常用语动词常用复数形式复数形式。如：。如： My family is a happy one. My family love music. (2) and 连接两个名词作主语，谓语动词的单连接两个名词作主语，谓语动词的单复数视具体情况而定。由复数视具体情况而定。由 and 连接连接的的并列并列结构结构作主语时，谓语动词通常用作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数复数。如：。如： Chinese and Mathematics are two important subjects. 如果如果 and 连接的结

19、构表示连接的结构表示一个人或物一个人或物，则则 谓语谓语动词用动词用单数单数形式。如：形式。如： The speaker and writer is a former graduate of our school. Bread and butter is my usual breakfast. 如果如果and连接两个连接两个“every/each + 名词名词”的的结构时，谓语动词常用单数形式。如：结构时，谓语动词常用单数形式。如： Every boy and every girl in our class has made great progress. (3) 由由 or、not only

20、 . but also . 等连接的并列等连接的并列名词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数名词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式形式取取决于靠近谓语动词的名词，即决于靠近谓语动词的名词，即就近原则就近原则。there be 结构中，结构中，be 动词的单动词的单复数复数形式也遵形式也遵循就近原则。如：循就近原则。如： Paul or his classmates are to write a report. There is a dictionary, two notebooks and a pen on the desk. (4) 主语后跟有主语后跟有 with、together with、as wel

21、l as、along with、except、in addition to 等引导等引导的短语时，的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语谓语动词与前面的主语保持保持“数数”的一致。如：的一致。如： Bill, together with his friends, was present at the lecture. No one except two boys was hurt. (5) 如果如果主语中的名词或代词由主语中的名词或代词由分数、百分数或分数、百分数或 all of、some of、most of 等短语限定，谓语等短语限定，谓语动词的动词的单复数单复数形式取决于形式取决于名词的类别名词

22、的类别。如：。如： Two thirds of the students are interested in movies. Most of the money has been collected. (6) 如果主语由如果主语由“. kind(s) / sort(s) / type(s) of + 名词名词”构成，构成，谓语动词常与谓语动词常与 kind、 sort 或或 type 保持保持“数数”的一致的一致。如：。如： This kind of flower is most beautiful. These types of cars are sold to other countrie

23、s.1 Is /Are five million dollars enough to make a good film?2 I think Mowgli and Shere Khan is / are the most interesting characters in The Jungle Book.3 Drinking cola often makes / make the cinema experience more enjoyable.B1Circle the correct words to complete the following sentences.4 There is /

24、are one tree and three children on the film poster.5 Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them was / were directed by David Yates.6 If anyone is / are interested in the film, please let me know.Notes: In sentence 5, the subject is a name of a book. Even though the name contains a plural noun “beasts”

25、and a conjunction “and”, the verb should still be singular.After the talk, Laura chatted with Simon. Complete the conversation with the correct forms of the verbs in the box below. Some verbs can be used more than once.B2belookmake requireSimon: The Jungle Book sounds great. But what (1) _ the new f

26、ilm so much better than the original?makesLaura: The picture quality, as well as the special effects, (2) _ far better. Not only the animals but also the forest (3) _ so real! While you watch, you feel like reaching out your hand to touch the leaves.Simon: Sounds super (adj. 极好的极好的)! Believe it or n

27、ot, there (4) _ only one real human character in the film.is looksisbelookmakerequireLaura: Thats Mowgli, played by a child actor named Neel Sethi. The rest (5) _ all digitally created.Simon: Does that mean he had to act alone?Laura: Yes. When he acted alone in front of a green screen, a lot of imag

28、ination (6) _ . There was another problem: the digitally created animals had no shadows, but the film team (7) _ able to find a solution (n. 解决方法解决方法).arebelookmakerequirewas requiredwas/werewerebelookmakerequireSimon: How was the problem solved?Laura: Light and shadows (8) _ thrown onto Mowgli with

29、 the aid of a system (n. 系统) they developed, showing that animals were moving near him.Simon: Thats really interesting and creative!Answer the questions according to B2.1. How many real human characters are there in the film? There is only oneMowgli, played by a child actor named Neel Sethi.2. What

30、are the problems of using digitally created animals? There are two problems. Firstly, the single real human character had to act alone in front of a green screen. Secondly, the digitally created animals had no shadows.Write a short paragraph about 3-D films. Use the following information to help you

31、. Pay attention to subject-verb agreement.3-D filmsHistoryWere first made in 1915AdvantageMake things look like they are coming out of the screenDis-advantagesSometimes cause headaches and sickness for viewersNeed a special cinema and 3-D glassesExamples Avatar, Life of Pi, Titanic (changed to a 3-D

32、 film after filming)B3I think everyone has probably seen a 3-D film, but did you know that 3-D films were first made more than one hundred years ago, in 1915? To watch 3-D films requires a special cinema and 3-D glasses. 3-D effects can be really amazing, making things look like they are coming out

33、of the screen, but sometimes they cause headaches and sickness for viewers. Many successful films, such as Avatar and Life of Pi, have been made in 3-D. Not only new films but also 2-D films like Titanic are now available in 3-D. In my opinion, this technology is really exciting, and some films are

34、better to watch in 3-D than in 2-D. However, since it takes a lot of work to create 3-D effects, not all films do a good job of it.改错改错1.Katia, like many other Russian girls, are nice and lively. 2. John Brown is a London taxi driver who love going to the theatre. is loves3. Maths are one of the mos

35、t important courses in the senior school.is4. As summer vacation are coming soon, my classmates are trying very hard to get train tickets to go home. 5. One day, while my friend and I was travelling through Germany, we were very hungry but we only had a little money. 6. Both my parents miss you a lo

36、t. So do your friend, Cathy. isweredoes7. What I liked best were the free high-speed Internet connection in the room. 8. The teacher, as well as his students, are going to see the film this afternoon. wasis9. Not only my parents but also I are good at dancing and singing. 10. Strangely enough, a pai

37、r of new trousers were found in a pile of rubbish yesterday. amwas11. Nothing but some ancient Chinese coins have been found in the sunken ship since they began the exploration. 12. The following is some simple tips that help parents create a reader-friendly home for themselves and their children. 1

38、3. Between the two rows of trees stand our teaching building, which is made of stones and red bricks. hasstandsare17. Three quarters of the village is covered with trees and the majority of the villagers is black people.14. The drug used to treat this disease causes side effects, some of which is deadly. 15. As a result of the serious flood, two thirds of the buildings in the area needs rebuilding now. 16. Leaving the less important things until tomorrow are often acceptable. areneedisareReview the rules of subject-verb agreement, and then do the exercises C and D on Page 58 in your workbook.