Unit 1 基础知识综合练习 -（2020）新牛津译林版高中英语必修第三册.docx

1、译林高中英语必修三 Unit 1 基础知识综合练习(含答案)1、 词性转化与词块1. harm(v./n.) (adj.)有害的 (adj.)无害的对.有害 2. variety(n.) (v.)不同 (adj.)各种不同的各种各样的 3. survive(v.) (n.)幸存，存活 (n.)幸存者事故中幸存 依靠.生存 4. extinction(n.) (adj.)灭绝的，消亡的濒危，处于灭绝的危险中 灭绝 5. global(adj.) (n.)地球，球体 (adv.)全球地globalization (n.) 获得全球知名度 全球变暖 6. application(n.) (v.)申请

2、，应用向某人申请. 使用，应用 7. organize(v.) (n.)组织，安排，条理 (adj.)有组织的，有条理的缺乏条理 井然有序的办公室 8. profit(n./v.) (adj.)盈利的，有益的non-profit(adj.) 从.中受益，靠.获利 获利 9. economic(adj.) (n.)经济economical(adj.) 经济效益 经济发展 10. recycle(v.) (adj.)可回收的 (n.)回收利用可回收垃圾 a recycling plant 11. poison(n./v.) (adj.)有毒的有毒的化学物质 12. consequence(n.)

3、(adj.)随着发生的 (adv.) 因此，所以由于，作为.的结果 13. defence(n.) (v.)防御，保卫；辩解 (adj.) 防御的，保卫的为.作解释或辩护 2、 重点短语1. 相应地，转而2. breathe life into.3. build up4. call for5. 突然记起（或想到）6. 摆脱，丢弃，扔掉7. 使发生（或存在）8. be alive with.9. 各种各样的野生生物10. sound the alarm11. 由.组成12. 一小群微生物13. 物种宝库14. 缺乏营养物质15. 以不可思议的速度16. 温室气体17. 绿化带18. What i

4、f.?19. for instance20. 重工业21. 渴望获得巨额利益的商人22. 使某人注意.23. on the rise24. 帮助人们摆脱贫困25. 促进经济增长26. 大量的工业废弃物27. 对.有持久的（长期的）影响28. 光/噪声污染29. 栖息地丧失30. 参加清理活动3、 一词多义1. break down(1) Many people were expecting the peace talks would break down. (2) The printing machines are always breaking down. (3) Bacteria(细菌)

5、are added to help break down the sewage(污水). (4) He showed us the whole dance, then broke it down so that we could learn it more easily. (5) Firemenhad tobreak the door down. (6) Getting young people together will help to break down the barriers between them. (7) Shebroke down in tearswhen she heard

6、 the news. 2. .up with(1) Several of the members have come up with suggestions of their own. (2) Most late developers(发育迟缓者) will catch up with their friends. (3) Jenny and I made up with each other and are still very good friends. (4) They had put up with behaviour from their son which they would n

7、ot have tolerated from anyone else. (5) She was skipping to keep up with him. (6) The party was held in a cheerful atmosphere and ended up with Auld Lang Syne. (7) In the end, I just got fed up with his constant complaining. 3. track(1) We set off once more, over a rough mountain track. (2) The two

8、men turned to watch the horses going round the track. (3) A woman fell on to the railway tracks. (4) The only evidence of pandas was their tracks in the snow. (5) She is on the fast track to promotion. (6) He thought he had better track this wolf and kill it. (7) Bank statements(银行账单) help you keep

9、track of where your money is going. (8) I tried to get my life back on track after my divorce. 4、 根据提示写单词1. Jamaica is home over two million people. 2. Douglas often travelled (在海外) when he was in the army.3. Scientists tend to agree that most diets dont work and can be (harm).4. Rabies has been des

10、cribed as one of the most terrifying diseases (know) to man.5. I find it (believe) that Mr. Carvey has no memory of that day. 6. Most herbs grow well in dry (土壤).7. Each (洲，大陆)has its distinct geography and (气候).8. Severewinterweatheris expected in thenortheast (区域)of the country.9. Their commitment

11、(承诺) was only to maintain the extent of forests, not their (生物多样性).10. In recent days, I have spoken to women of (vary) classes, colors and ages, and we all agree.11. There are many (物种) of dogs.12. A severe (旱灾) has caused most of the corn crop to fail.13. He stood on the bridge, looking at the riv

12、er (在下方).14. As the economy improves, workers fears of being laid off have (消失).15. On his desk is a (团，堆) of books and papers.16. The river is 300 miles length. 17. The building seems out of place among the (高耸的) redwood trees.18. She was the only girl to (幸存) the accident.19. This is the minimum d

13、aily amount of a (营养物) required by an adult.20. The best way to get that 碳)dioxide into the atmosphere is to warm the (entirely) planet.21. Butterflies feed the flowers of garden plants.22. If I cant make a (生计，谋生) at painting, at least I can teach someone else to paint. 23. They are priceless, uniq

14、ue and (replace). 24. The problems faced by the (首席的) executive (官员) of a large corporation are more complex.25. The pipe is full of (smell) waste which is actually made from sweet chocolate syrup(糖浆).26. Large amounts of industrial waste (污染，毒害) the water after they enter water bodies.27. The G-7 o

15、rganization groups together the worlds seven (lead) industrialized nations. 28. It will evaluate the (影响) of government (经济的) (策略) within each area.29. Theres no simple solution this problem. 30. It was organized by GreenHope, an organization (devote) to protecting forests.31. The water is too dirty

16、 to drink, and the air too (pollute) to breathe.32. Air, water, noise and light pollution can all have a deep and (damage) influence quite far from their s (源头).33. The princess tried to project(展现) an (形象) of herself as serious and hardworking.34. Groups of women took to the streets to (抗议) against

17、 the arrests.35. Weinburger was an advisor to 前任的) president Ronald Reagan.36. (居民) of Westville complained about the towns bus system.37. Farmers are p (获益) from the new legislation(法规).38. Carbon monoxide is a highly (poison) gas, mostly produced by cars.39. Some of its rhinos may be sent to the (

18、protect)wild areas.40. The town walls were built as a (防御物) against enemy attacks.41. Making people understand the problems (face) animals is a s (重要的) way to protect animals.42. Her speech made a profound impact everyone.43. A lot of the food goes on the floor but that doesnt (要紧，重要).44. Our econom

19、ic fortunes are (separate) from those of Europe.45. We will carry out a flexible foreign (政策).46. Her company has (分部) in Dallas and Chicago.47. President Xi Jinping explained his vision of building a community with a (share) future for mankind.48. Local (野生生物) and (农业) are likely to be badly affect

20、ed, environmentalists claim.49. The (撞击) of the blow knocked Jack off balance.50. Safety procedures had been ignored, with disastrous c (结果，后果).51. Among the Scandinavian settlers, leprosy(麻风病) had declined to near (extinct).52. You have to submit your (apply) before the end of the month.53. By the

21、end of the day, I was (极其,完全地) exhausted.54. Rodney had no opportunities to f (促进，增进) his education.55. The whole food chain is affected by the overuse of (化学物质) in agriculture.5、 教材原句回译(补全句子)1. 作为世界上最大的雨林，它在维持地球生态系统的微妙平衡上发挥重要作用。As in the world, it of the Earths ecosystem.2. 亚马孙雨林的面积约为600万平方千米，比中国面积

22、的一半还要大。亚马孙雨林得名与亚马孙河，亚马孙河长接近6400千米，比长江还长约100千米。 around 6 million square kilometers, the Amazon rainforest is China.The Amazon River, from , is 6,400 kilometers the Yangtze River. 3. 人类活动的影响继续扩大，濒危物种的名单变得更长了，这给我们留下一个问题：我们能承担得起破坏“地球之肺”的后果吗？As human activities and the list of becomes longer, we a questi

23、on: can we the “lungs of the planet”?4. 一些（专家）呼吁使用现在科技，其他人呼吁改变生活方式。(省略句)Some , others .5. 当你想到一个可怕的捕猎者，狮子和鲨鱼的形象会立刻跃入脑海。When you think of , lions and sharks may .6. 人类活动已经导致很多动物濒临灭绝。 7. 当我们建农场和工厂时，我们毁坏动物的栖息地并且使得很多动物没有地方可以居住，或没有食物吃。When we build farms and factories, we and 8. 空中的雾霾把天空染成了烟灰色，还让我患上了无法摆脱

24、的咳嗽。The smog in the air gray; me a cough .9. 不过，为工厂做下辩解，我想指出的是他们也在努力控制所生产的污染量。 factories, however, Id like to that they also 10. 我们也与其他的政府部门携手合作，确保发展策略能以对环境友好的方式进行。We also work with that development strategies .11. 我们有责任在力求经济发展的同时保护我们的环境。 our environment while we .12. 为了防止对水体的进一步伤害，有必要采取一些措施。 to wat

25、er bodies, .译林高中英语必修三 Unit 1 基础知识综合练习(含答案)1、 词性转化与词块1. harm(v./n.) harmful (adj.)有害的 harmless (adj.)无害的对.有害 be harmful to do harm to 2. variety(n.) vary (v.)不同 various (adj.)各种不同的各种各样的 a variety of / varieties of 3. survive(v.) survival (n.)幸存，存活 survivor (n.)幸存者事故中幸存 survive the accident 依靠.生存 surv

26、ive on. 4. extinction(n.) extinct (adj.)灭绝的，消亡的濒危，处于灭绝的危险中in danger of extinction灭绝 go/become extinct 5. global(adj.) globe (n.)地球，球体 globally (adv.)全球地globalization (n.) 全球化 获得全球知名度 gain global popularity 全球变暖 global warming 6. application(n.) apply (v.)申请，应用向某人申请. apply to sb. for sth. 使用，应用 apply

27、 sth. to sth. 7. organize(v.) organization (n.)组织，安排，条理 organized (adj.)有组织的，有条理的缺乏条理 lack organization 井然有序的办公室 an well-organized office 8. profit(n./v.) profitable (adj.)盈利的，有益的non-profit(adj.) 非盈利的从.中受益，靠.获利 profit from/by. 获利 make a profit / make profits 9. economic(adj.) economy (n.)经济economica

28、l(adj.)经济的，实惠的；节俭的；精打细算的经济效益 economic benefits 经济发展 economic development 10. recycle(v.) recyclable (adj.)可回收的 recycling (n.)回收利用可回收垃圾 recyclable waste a recycling plant 废品回收加工厂 11. poison(n./v.)poisonous (adj.)有毒的有毒的化学物质 poisonous chemicals 12. consequence(n.) consequent (adj.)随着发生的 consequently (a

29、dv.) 因此，所以由于，作为.的结果 in consequence of. 13. defence(n.) defend (v.)防御，保卫；辩解 defensive (adj.) 防御的，保卫的为.作解释或辩护 in defence of 2、 重点短语1. 相应地，转而2. breathe life into.3. build up4. call for5. 突然记起（或想到）6. 摆脱，丢弃，扔掉7. 使发生（或存在）8. be alive with.9. 各种各样的野生生物10. sound the alarm11. 由.组成12. 一小群微生物13. 物种宝库14. 缺乏营养物质1

30、5. 以不可思议的速度16. 温室气体17. 绿化带18. What if.?19. for instance20. 重工业21. 渴望获得巨额利益的商人22. 使某人注意.23. on the rise24. 帮助人们摆脱贫困25. 促进经济增长26. 大量的工业废弃物27. 对.有持久的（长期的）影响28. 光/噪声污染29. 栖息地丧失30. 参加清理活动in turn给.带来起色，注入活力逐渐扩大，增加(公开)要求，需要spring to mindget rid ofgive rise to充满，到处都是（活的或动的东西）a wide range of wildlife发出警报be m

31、ade up ofa tiny army of microorganisma treasure house of speciesbe poor in nutrientsat an unbelievable speedgreenhouse gasgreen belt要是.将会怎样呢？例如heavy industrybusinessmen eager to make huge profitsdraw ones attention to.在增长lift people out of povertyadvance economic growthlarge amounts of industrial wa

32、stehave a long-lasting effect on.light / noise pollutionhabitat losstake part in clean-up activities3、 一词多义1. break down(1) Many people were expecting the peace talks would break down. (讨论、关系或系统）失败，破裂，失灵 (1) The printing machines are always breaking down. (机器或车辆）出毛病，损坏 (2) Bacteria(细菌) are added to

33、help break down the sewage(污水). （使）（物质）分解 (3) He showed us the whole dance, then broke it down so that we could learn it more easily. 分解(4) Firemenhad tobreak the door down. 打倒，砸破(5) Getting young people together will help to break down the barriers between them. 消除(6) Shebroke down in tearswhen she

34、 heard the news. 情不自禁哭起来2. .up with(1) Several of the members have come up with suggestions of their own. 提出，想出(1) Most late developers(发育迟缓者) will catch up with their friends. 赶上，追上(2) Jenny and I made up with each other and are still very good friends. 和解，和好(3) They had put up with behaviour from

35、their son which they would not have tolerated from anyone else. 容忍(4) She was skipping to keep up with him. 跟上(5) The party was held in a cheerful atmosphere and ended up with Auld Lang Syne. 以.结束(6) In the end, I just got fed up with his constant complaining. 厌烦3. track(1) We set off once more, ove

36、r a rough mountain track. 小道;小径(1) The two men turned to watch the horses going round the track. 跑道;赛道(2) A woman fell on to the railway tracks. 铁轨(3) The only evidence of pandas was their tracks in the snow. 足迹;踪迹(4) She is on the fast track to promotion. （移动的）路径，路线，方向(5) He thought he had better t

37、rack this wolf and kill it. 跟踪;追踪(6) Bank statements(银行账单) help you keep track of where your money is going. 了解的动态;与保持联系(7) I tried to get my life back on track after my divorce. 重新步入正确轨道；恢复正常 4、 根据提示写单词1. Jamaica is home to over two million people. 2. Douglas often travelled overseas(在海外) when he w

38、as in the army.3. Scientists tend to agree that most diets dont work and can be harmful(harm).4. Rabies has been described as one of the most terrifying diseases known (know) to man.5. I find it unbelievable(believe) that Mr. Carvey has no memory of that day. 6. Most herbs grow well in dry soil(土壤).

39、7. Each continent(洲，大陆)has its distinct geography and climate(气候).8. Severewinterweatheris expected in thenortheastregion(区域)of the country.9. Their commitment(承诺) was only to maintain the extent of forests, not their biodiversity(生物多样性).10. In recent days, I have spoken to women of various(vary) classes, colors and ages, and we all agree.11. There are many species(物种) of dogs.12. A severe drought(旱灾) has caused most of the corn crop to fail.13. He stood on the bridge, looking at the river beneath(在下方).14. As the economy improves, workers fea